一、點火器組成部分

點火器的組成主要由電源、點火線圈、分電器、點火開關、火花塞、附加電阻及其短接裝置、高低壓導(dao)線等組成。

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1、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源：由蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組成。啟(qi)動(dong)時(shi)(shi)，點火系(xi)(xi)由蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池提供低壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能；啟(qi)動(dong)后，當發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)高于蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)(shi)，點火系(xi)(xi)由發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機提供低壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能。

2、點火線(xian)圈：將汽車電源提(ti)供的12V低(di)壓電轉變成能擊穿火花塞電極間隙的高壓電。

3、分電(dian)器：在發電(dian)機凸輪(lun)軸驅動下，準時接通(tong)和(he)切斷(duan)點(dian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)線(xian)圈初(chu)級(ji)電(dian)流，使點(dian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)線(xian)圈及時產生(sheng)高(gao)壓電(dian)，并按點(dian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)順(shun)序將高(gao)壓電(dian)傳(chuan)送至各(ge)缸(gang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)花塞；同時能(neng)自動和(he)人(ren)為地實現(xian)對點(dian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)時間的(de)調整。其中電(dian)容器的(de)作用是(shi)減小斷(duan)電(dian)器觸點(dian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)花，提高(gao)點(dian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)線(xian)圈次(ci)級(ji)電(dian)壓。

4、點火開關：控(kong)制(zhi)點火系低壓電路(lu)的(de)通(tong)斷，控(kong)制(zhi)發電機的(de)啟(qi)動和熄火。

5、火花塞：將高壓電(dian)引入燃(ran)燒室，產生電(dian)火花點燃(ran)混合(he)氣。

6、附(fu)加(jia)電(dian)阻短接裝置：起動(dong)時將附(fu)加(jia)電(dian)阻短接，增(zeng)大點火線圈初級電(dian)流，增(zeng)強起動(dong)時火花塞(sai)的跳(tiao)火能量。

二、點火器的種類

1、電子式(shi)脈沖式(shi)點(dian)(dian)火(huo)器(qi)：脈沖式(shi)因功(gong)率小(xiao)所以(yi)點(dian)(dian)火(huo)的能量小(xiao)，產生(sheng)的火(huo)花溫度低(di)(di)，對(dui)有部(bu)分燃(ran)(ran)點(dian)(dian)高可遴性氣(qi)體和濃度較低(di)(di)的混(hun)合(he)氣(qi)體，有鼓風(feng)的燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)器(qi)點(dian)(dian)火(huo)時點(dian)(dian)燃(ran)(ran)率較低(di)(di)，經(jing)常會出現點(dian)(dian)不(bu)著或爆燃(ran)(ran)等安全事故，長時間且(qie)不(bu)能連續點(dian)(dian)火(huo)容易燒(shao)壞于(yu)燃(ran)(ran)油的燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)器(qi)。

2、電(dian)子式高(gao)頻高(gao)壓點(dian)火(huo)(huo)器：功率(lv)大，點(dian)火(huo)(huo)能量高(gao)產生(sheng)火(huo)(huo)花溫(wen)度高(gao)，但點(dian)火(huo)(huo)時間普(pu)遍不超5分(fen)鐘(zhong)，否則容易(yi)發熱，燒壞，而(er)體積大而(er)重，安(an)裝運輸難。

3、線圈矽鋼片式點火(huo)器：功率(lv)大，能量高(gao)產生火(huo)花溫度(du)高(gao)，點火(huo)時(shi)間10分鐘(zhong)左右，否則(ze)發熱燒壞(huai)，體(ti)積較(jiao)小而輕，但國產普遍質量不好被進口占領90%市場(chang)。

三、點火器質量如何鑒別

1、將點火器的(de)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)都插接(jie)(jie)上(shang)時(shi)，先(xian)不要接(jie)(jie)電(dian)源線(xian)(xian)(xian)（交流(liu)點火器的(de)充電(dian)端），或(huo)是預先(xian)就將磁(ci)電(dian)機的(de)高(gao)壓(ya)輸出(chu)(chu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)頭(tou)拔開。在(zai)確定點火器的(de)地(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)與車(che)上(shang)電(dian)路的(de)地(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)連接(jie)(jie)良好后，再將高(gao)壓(ya)帽從(cong)火花(hua)塞(sai)上(shang)拔出(chu)(chu)，插一備份的(de)火花(hua)塞(sai)搭在(zai)車(che)體上(shang)。最(zui)后是將摩托(tuo)車(che)上(shang)的(de)直流(liu)電(dian)路（火線(xian)(xian)(xian)是接(jie)(jie)電(dian)瓶+極(ji)。）去連接(jie)(jie)點火器的(de)充電(dian)端。

2、將點(dian)火(huo)器(qi)(qi)按(an)上述連接(jie)好(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路后(hou)，轉(zhuan)動(dong)磁(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)使觸發(fa)傳(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)給點(dian)火(huo)器(qi)(qi)送(song)去點(dian)火(huo)信號，看火(huo)花塞是不(bu)是打(da)火(huo)。如(ru)果火(huo)花塞打(da)火(huo)，這(zhe)就是直流點(dian)火(huo)器(qi)(qi)。（交流點(dian)火(huo)器(qi)(qi)的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)端通常接(jie)受上百伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶的12V無動(dong)于衷(zhong)。）如(ru)果暫時不(bu)打(da)火(huo)，也要仔細認(ren)真(zhen)地檢查原因，或是用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)表測量法確定點(dian)火(huo)器(qi)(qi)性質(zhi)，不(bu)可輕易誤判為(wei)交流點(dian)火(huo)器(qi)(qi)。

3、比(bi)較(jiao)保險的(de)辦法是(shi)使(shi)用低壓電源做(zuo)對(dui)點(dian)火器(qi)(qi)做(zuo)反(fan)復測試，多次確(que)定不(bu)是(shi)使(shi)用低壓電的(de)直流(liu)(liu)點(dian)火器(qi)(qi)了(le)，才可以判定為交流(liu)(liu)點(dian)火器(qi)(qi)。有(you)條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)車(che)友，可以使(shi)用小(xiao)電流(liu)(liu)的(de)高壓電源，如果萬一是(shi)直流(liu)(liu)點(dian)火器(qi)(qi)，也可以因電流(liu)(liu)小(xiao)=電壓降低而(er)不(bu)傷害點(dian)火器(qi)(qi)。但小(xiao)電流(liu)(liu)的(de)高壓，還是(shi)會對(dui)交流(liu)(liu)點(dian)火器(qi)(qi)實現充電的(de)，在測試中要小(xiao)心放電麻手。

4、對于特殊情況，例(li)如電(dian)感高(gao)壓包就不適合(he)配套CDI點(dian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)器(qi)(qi)；有的(de)是(shi)點(dian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)器(qi)(qi)與高(gao)壓包合(he)并的(de)點(dian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)器(qi)(qi)，例(li)如XH90四沖一體化點(dian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)器(qi)(qi)。還有的(de)是(shi)自(zi)觸發的(de)二沖交流點(dian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)器(qi)(qi)，是(shi)使用磁電(dian)機高(gao)壓電(dian)源的(de)，正向充電(dian)蓄能/反向觸發放電(dian)。