【刨花(hua)板(ban)工藝】刨花(hua)板(ban)的生產工藝 刨花(hua)板(ban)生產工藝流程

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刨花板生產工藝

熱(re)壓(ya)是刨花(hua)板生產一個關鍵性工序，所起(qi)作用是使板坯(pi)中膠料固化，并將松散(san)的板坯(pi)經加壓(ya)后固結成規(gui)定厚度的板材。其工藝要求為(wei)：

①適當的含(han)水率。表層(ceng)含(han)水率為18～20％時(shi)有利(li)于抗彎強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)、抗拉強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)和表面光潔度(du)的提高，減少卸壓時(shi)板坯鼓(gu)泡分(fen)層(ceng)的可(ke)能(neng)。芯層(ceng)含(han)水率應適當低于表層(ceng)，以保(bao)持適當的平面抗拉強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)。

②適當的熱壓壓力。壓力能影響刨花之間接觸面積、板材厚度(du)(du)偏差(cha)和刨花之間(jian)膠料轉移程度(du)(du)。按照產品不同(tong)密度(du)(du)要(yao)求，熱壓壓力(li)一般1.2～1.4兆帕(pa)。

③適(shi)當(dang)的溫(wen)度(du)。溫(wen)度(du)過高不(bu)僅(jin)會使脲醛樹脂分(fen)解，也會造成升溫(wen)時板坯局部提前固化而產生廢品。

④適當的(de)加壓(ya)時(shi)間。時(shi)間過短，則中層樹脂不能充(chong)分(fen)固化，成品在厚度方(fang)向(xiang)的(de)彈性恢(hui)復加大，平(ping)面抗(kang)拉強(qiang)度顯著降低(di)。熱壓(ya)后(hou)(hou)的(de)刨花板應(ying)經一段時(shi)期的(de)調濕處理(li)使其含水(shui)率(lv)達平(ping)衡狀態(tai)，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)鋸(ju)裁砂光，檢驗包裝。但卸壓(ya)后(hou)(hou)不能熱態(tai)堆疊，否則將增加板材脆性。

模(mo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)技術系(xi)指(zhi)一(yi)次操(cao)作即形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)技術。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟的(de)(de)工藝有(you)3種。熱(re)模(mo)法(fa)可以(yi)少用(yong)(yong)(yong)膠料或不用(yong)(yong)(yong)膠料,靠木質素(su)在封(feng)閉熱(re)模(mo)中活化流動而起(qi)膠合作用(yong)(yong)(yong),但需冷卻脫模(mo)，熱(re)量消耗大(da)，生產(chan)(chan)率低，已逐(zhu)漸淘(tao)汰。箱體成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型法(fa)是用(yong)(yong)(yong)特殊壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，一(yi)次加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)(chan)品(pin),用(yong)(yong)(yong)于制(zhi)造包裝箱。熱(re)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型法(fa)主要制(zhi)造家具配(pei)件、室內裝修(xiu)配(pei)件及托板(ban)(ban)(ban)等產(chan)(chan)品(pin)，膠粘劑以(yi)脲醛(quan)樹脂為(wei)主，制(zhi)品(pin)表面(mian)(mian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)單板(ban)(ban)(ban)或樹脂浸漬紙復貼，一(yi)次成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型。此外，還有(you)在已制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)刨(bao)花板(ban)(ban)(ban)表面(mian)(mian)，或未經熱(re)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型板(ban)(ban)(ban)坯上(shang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)模(mo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，以(yi)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浮雕圖案的(de)(de)平面(mian)(mian)模(mo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)等。

刨花板生產工藝流程

1、備(bei)料(liao)工段。普通(tong)刨(bao)花(hua)板生(sheng)產線原料(liao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)削片、篩選后送到(dao)木(mu)片料(liao)倉(cang)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)過渡(du)儲存(cun)。木(mu)片經(jing)(jing)(jing)運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機送到(dao)刨(bao)片機中(zhong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)刨(bao)花(hua)制備(bei)，制備(bei)后的刨(bao)花(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機送到(dao)濕(shi)刨(bao)花(hua)料(liao)倉(cang)中(zhong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)過渡(du)儲存(cun)。

2、干(gan)燥(zao)分(fen)選(xuan)(xuan)打磨(mo)工段。濕刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)(hua)經(jing)運輸(shu)(shu)機送到(dao)轉(zhuan)子式刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)(hua)干(gan)燥(zao)機進(jin)行干(gan)燥(zao)，經(jing)過(guo)干(gan)燥(zao)的(de)刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)(hua)通過(guo)刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)(hua)分(fen)選(xuan)(xuan)(篩選(xuan)(xuan))合格(ge)的(de)芯層(ceng)干(gan)刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)(hua)經(jing)運輸(shu)(shu)機被送往芯層(ceng)干(gan)刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)(hua)料倉(cang)過(guo)渡(du)儲存(cun)。過(guo)大的(de)刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)(hua)經(jing)打磨(mo)機打磨(mo)后被送往表層(ceng)干(gan)刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)(hua)料倉(cang)過(guo)渡(du)儲存(cun)。

3、調(diao)膠(jiao)(jiao)樹(shu)膠(jiao)(jiao)施膠(jiao)(jiao)工段。合格(ge)的(de)(de)表芯(xin)層干刨花(hua)經(jing)運輸機、刨花(hua)計量(liang)料倉(cang)分別計量(liang)后送到(dao)拌(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)機中(zhong)，同時調(diao)供膠(jiao)(jiao)工段將工藝所要求的(de)(de)膠(jiao)(jiao)液送到(dao)拌(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)機中(zhong)，刨花(hua)和膠(jiao)(jiao)液在表芯(xin)層拌(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)機的(de)(de)充分攪拌(ban)下，達到(dao)均勻混合充分施膠(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)效果(guo)。

4、鋪(pu)(pu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)熱壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)型工(gong)段(年產3萬(wan)以上生(sheng)產線)。施膠后的(de)(de)刨花經(jing)皮帶(dai)運(yun)輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)送至機(ji)(ji)(ji)械分級鋪(pu)(pu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，由機(ji)(ji)(ji)械分級鋪(pu)(pu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)鋪(pu)(pu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)出均勻平整的(de)(de)板(ban)坯。板(ban)坯經(jing)永(yong)磁除鐵器、預壓(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、縱向鋸邊(bian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、橫截鋸、加速運(yun)輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、稱重運(yun)輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)和儲(chu)存運(yun)輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)板(ban)運(yun)輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)工(gong)序送到(dao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)板(ban)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)吊籠(long)中，由裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)吊籠(long)將板(ban)坯送到(dao)多層熱壓(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)中進行熱壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)型，經(jing)多層熱壓(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)熱壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)型的(de)(de)毛板(ban)同時由裝(zhuang)(zhuang)板(ban)小(xiao)車托(tuo)盤推(tui)到(dao)卸板(ban)機(ji)(ji)(ji)中。

5、后處理工段。停留(liu)在卸板(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)毛(mao)板(ban)(ban)經卸板(ban)(ban)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)送至冷(leng)卻(que)進(jin)(jin)板(ban)(ban)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)，由(you)冷(leng)卻(que)進(jin)(jin)板(ban)(ban)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)送到(dao)涼板(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)冷(leng)卻(que)。在涼板(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)停留(liu)(冷(leng)卻(que))后的(de)毛(mao)板(ban)(ban)由(you)冷(leng)卻(que)出板(ban)(ban)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)送到(dao)縱橫栽邊(bian)截斷機(ji)(ji)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)裁邊(bian)分割，最后經干(gan)板(ban)(ban)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)運(yun)(yun)(yun)至升降臺堆(dui)垛。

6、砂光(guang)工段。經冷卻堆垛的刨花板被送到砂光(guang)生(sheng)產線進(jin)行砂光(guang)、分檢、入(ru)庫。