【變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)鐵(tie)芯】變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)鐵(tie)芯材(cai)料 變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)鐵(tie)芯作用 變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)鐵(tie)芯接地

變壓器鐵芯材料

1、硅鋼片本身也是導(dao)電體，在(zai)交流(liu)磁通的作用下，無法(fa)避免會在(zai)會在(zai)鐵芯(xin)內也產生(sheng)感應(ying)電流(liu)。

2、如果，鐵芯是一個整體，相當于是一個面積很大的導體，電路又短，其電阻值非常的小，雖然感應的電壓并不高，但電流卻很大。這樣產生了極大的渦流（環流）損耗。這對變壓器來講是(shi)非常不利的。嚴(yan)重時，導(dao)致金屬快速升溫，會將(jiang)鐵(tie)(tie)芯局部熔(rong)化(hua)，稱為鐵(tie)(tie)芯“失(shi)火(huo)”。

3、每片之間涂(tu)了絕(jue)(jue)緣漆之后，使鐵芯在產生的(de)那個(ge)截面(mian)，被分割成很多的(de)小截面(mian)的(de)導(dao)體。這樣其(qi)電(dian)阻就變大了。所以涂(tu)絕(jue)(jue)緣漆的(de)鐵芯，雖(sui)然(ran)也存在渦流損耗（屬于鐵耗的(de)一部分），但比(bi)之前小了很多很多。

4、因此，硅鋼片越薄，其損(sun)耗(hao)就越小。通常情況下，冷軋硅鋼片表面的(de)絕緣漆，在(zai)出廠(chang)前已經涂好。我們只(zhi)要不去損(sun)壞(huai)他就可以不用再涂漆了。

因(yin)此采用涂絕緣漆的薄硅(gui)鋼片來疊成，使每片硅(gui)鋼片形成獨(du)立的導體就可(ke)以避免該問題(ti)了

變壓器鐵芯作用

變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)是(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)換交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)流和(he)阻(zu)(zu)抗(kang)的(de)(de)(de)器(qi)件(jian)，當初(chu)級線圈中(zhong)(zhong)通(tong)有(you)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)流時，鐵芯(xin)(xin)（或(huo)(huo)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)芯(xin)(xin)）中(zhong)(zhong)便(bian)產(chan)生(sheng)交流磁(ci)(ci)(ci)通(tong)，使(shi)次級線圈中(zhong)(zhong)感(gan)應(ying)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)（或(huo)(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流）。變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)由(you)鐵芯(xin)(xin)（或(huo)(huo)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)芯(xin)(xin)）和(he)線圈組成(cheng)。 其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)鐵芯(xin)(xin)——是(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)耦合(he)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)路。 變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)鐵芯(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)形(xing)成(cheng)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)阻(zu)(zu)很(hen)(hen)小的(de)(de)(de)偶合(he)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)路，由(you)于磁(ci)(ci)(ci)阻(zu)(zu)很(hen)(hen)小，大(da)大(da)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)了變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)效率(lv)(lv)。 廣泛的(de)(de)(de)說，變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)按線圈之間耦合(he)材(cai)料(liao)分，有(you)空(kong)芯(xin)(xin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)、磁(ci)(ci)(ci)芯(xin)(xin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)、鐵芯(xin)(xin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)。 空(kong)芯(xin)(xin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)、磁(ci)(ci)(ci)芯(xin)(xin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)大(da)多(duo)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)在(zai)(zai)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)一定是(shi)(shi)鐵芯(xin)(xin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)。常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)鐵芯(xin)(xin)一般都是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)硅(gui)鋼(gang)片做(zuo)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)。硅(gui)鋼(gang)是(shi)(shi)含硅(gui)量(liang)在(zai)(zai)3％左右、其(qi)(qi)它(ta)(ta)主(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)鐵的(de)(de)(de)硅(gui)鐵合(he)金。硅(gui)鋼(gang)片大(da)量(liang)用(yong)(yong)于中(zhong)(zhong)低(di)頻(pin)(pin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機鐵芯(xin)(xin)，尤(you)其(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)頻(pin)(pin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)。因為硅(gui)鋼(gang)本身是(shi)(shi)一種導(dao)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)能(neng)力(li)(li)很(hen)(hen)強的(de)(de)(de)物質，在(zai)(zai)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線圈中(zhong)(zhong)，它(ta)(ta)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)感(gan)應(ying)強度，從而(er)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)使(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)體(ti)積變(bian)(bian)(bian)小，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)效率(lv)(lv)。硅(gui)鋼(gang)的(de)(de)(de)特點是(shi)(shi)具有(you)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)軟磁(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)飽和(he)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)感(gan)應(ying)強度（2.0T以(yi)上），因此(ci)作(zuo)為變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)鐵芯(xin)(xin)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時可(ke)(ke)以(yi)在(zai)(zai)很(hen)(hen)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)點工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)（如工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)感(gan)值1.5T）。但是(shi)(shi)，硅(gui)鋼(gang)在(zai)(zai)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)軟磁(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)鐵損(sun)也是(shi)(shi)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)，為了防止鐵芯(xin)(xin)因損(sun)耗太(tai)大(da)而(er)發熱，它(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)不高(gao)(gao)，一般只能(neng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)在(zai)(zai)20KHz以(yi)下。所(suo)以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)大(da)多(duo)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)50Hz左右。 根據上面的(de)(de)(de)介紹可(ke)(ke)知，高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不要鐵芯(xin)(xin)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)頻(pin)(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)較低(di)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)要鐵芯(xin)(xin)。否則它(ta)(ta)們就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不能(neng)正常(chang)(chang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。

變壓器鐵芯接地

變壓器鐵芯接地原因：

電力變壓器正常運行時，鐵芯必須有一點可靠接地。若沒有接地，則鐵芯對地的懸浮電壓，會造成鐵芯對地斷(duan)續性(xing)擊穿放電(dian)，鐵芯(xin)一點(dian)接(jie)(jie)地后(hou)消除了形成(cheng)鐵芯(xin)懸浮電(dian)位的(de)可能。但當鐵芯(xin)出現兩(liang)點(dian)以上接(jie)(jie)地時(shi)，鐵芯(xin)間的(de)不均勻電(dian)位就會在(zai)接(jie)(jie)地點(dian)之(zhi)間形成(cheng)環(huan)流，并造(zao)成(cheng)鐵芯(xin)多 點(dian)接(jie)(jie)地發熱故障。變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)鐵芯(xin)接(jie)(jie)地故障會造(zao)成(cheng)鐵芯(xin)局(ju)部(bu)過熱，嚴重時(shi)，鐵芯(xin)局(ju)部(bu)溫升增(zeng)加，輕瓦斯動作，甚至(zhi)將會造(zao)成(cheng)重瓦斯動作而(er)跳(tiao) 閘的(de)事故。

燒(shao)熔的(de)局部鐵(tie)芯(xin)形成鐵(tie)芯(xin)片間(jian)的(de)短(duan)路故障(zhang)，使(shi)鐵(tie)損變大，嚴重影(ying)響(xiang)變壓器的(de)性能和正常(chang)工作(zuo)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)至必須更換鐵(tie)芯(xin)硅鋼片加以(yi)(yi)(yi)修復。所以(yi)(yi)(yi)變壓器不(bu)允許(xu)多點(dian)接地只(zhi)能有且只(zhi)有一點(dian)接地。

范圍包括：

1）變壓器內部的多相短路。

2）匝間短路(lu)，繞組與鐵芯或外(wai)殼(ke)短路(lu)。

3）鐵芯故障。

4）油(you)面下(xia)將或漏油(you)。

5）分接(jie)開關接(jie)觸不良或導線焊接(jie)不牢固。

主變(bian)差(cha)動與(yu)瓦斯保護的作用有區別

1、主變差動保(bao)護(hu)(hu)是按循(xun)環電流(liu)原(yuan)理設(she)計制(zhi)造(zao)的(de)，而瓦斯保(bao)護(hu)(hu)是根據(ju)變壓器(qi)內部(bu)故(gu)障時(shi)會(hui)產(chan)生或(huo)分解出氣體這一特點設(she)計制(zhi)造(zao)的(de)。

2、差(cha)動保(bao)護為變壓(ya)器(qi)的主保(bao)護，瓦斯保(bao)護為變壓(ya)器(qi)內部故障時的主保(bao)護。

3、保護范(fan)圍不(bu)同：A差動(dong)保護：

1）主變(bian)引出線(xian)及變(bian)壓器線(xian)圈(quan)發生多相短路。

2）單相嚴重的匝間短路。

3）在大電(dian)流(liu)接地(di)系統(tong)中保(bao)護(hu)線圈及(ji)引出線上(shang)的接地(di)故障。B瓦斯保(bao)護(hu)：

1）變壓器內部多相短路。

2）匝間(jian)短(duan)(duan)路，匝間(jian)與鐵芯(xin)或外(wai)及短(duan)(duan)路。

3）鐵芯故障（發熱燒(shao)損）。

4）油面下(xia)將或漏油。

5）分接(jie)開關接(jie)觸不良或導線(xian)焊接(jie)不