【單相電度表】單相電度表電的接線方法(fa) 單相電度表的工作(zuo)原理

目前來說電度表是(shi)每家每戶必(bi)須安裝的，單相電(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)的一(yi)種，是(shi)用(yong)來(lai)測(ce)量電(dian)(dian)能的儀表(biao)(biao)，又稱電(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)，火表(biao)(biao)，電(dian)(dian)能表(biao)(biao)，千(qian)瓦小時表(biao)(biao)，指測(ce)量各種電(dian)(dian)學量的儀表(biao)(biao)。在生(sheng)活中，很多人(ren)都(dou)會遇到不知道(dao)電(dian)(dian)表(biao)(biao)的接法這(zhe)樣的事，下面小編就來(lai)為您講解下單相電(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)接線方法，一(yi)起來(lai)學習下吧。

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單相電度表知識介紹

單相電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)的一種(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)主要結構是(shi)(shi)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線圈、電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)線圈、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)盤、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸(zhou)、制動(dong)磁鐵、齒輪、計度(du)(du)器(qi)(qi)等組成。單相電(dian)(dian)(dian)表(biao)，則一般是(shi)(shi)民用(yong)(yong)，接220V的設備。電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)是(shi)(shi)利用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)線圈在鋁盤上產生的渦流(liu)與(yu)交變磁通(tong)相互作用(yong)(yong)產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁力(li)，使(shi)鋁盤轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)，同時(shi)引(yin)入制動(dong)力(li)矩，使(shi)鋁盤轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速與(yu)負載(zai)功(gong)率成正(zheng)比，通(tong)過軸(zhou)向(xiang)齒輪傳(chuan)動(dong)，由計度(du)(du)器(qi)(qi)積算出轉(zhuan)(zhuan)盤轉(zhuan)(zhuan)數而(er)測(ce)定出電(dian)(dian)(dian)能。

單相電度表工作原理：

當電(dian)度(du)表接入(ru)被(bei)測電(dian)路后，被(bei)測電(dian)路電(dian)壓(ya)U加在電(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)圈上，在其鐵(tie)芯中形(xing)成一(yi)個交變的磁(ci)通(tong)，這(zhe)個磁(ci)通(tong)的一(yi)部分ΦU由回(hui)磁(ci)極穿(chuan)過鋁(lv)盤(pan)(pan)到(dao)回(hui)到(dao)電(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)圈的鐵(tie)芯中;同理，被(bei)測電(dian)路電(dian)流I通(tong)過電(dian)流線(xian)(xian)圈后，也要在電(dian)流線(xian)(xian)圈的U形(xing)鐵(tie)芯中形(xing)成一(yi)個交變磁(ci)通(tong)Φi，這(zhe)個磁(ci)通(tong)由U形(xing)成鐵(tie)芯的一(yi)端由下至上穿(chuan)過鋁(lv)盤(pan)(pan)，然(ran)后又由上至下穿(chuan)過鋁(lv)盤(pan)(pan)回(hui)到(dao)U形(xing)鐵(tie)芯的另(ling)一(yi)端。

其中回(hui)磁(ci)(ci)板4是由鋼(gang)板沖制而成(cheng)的，它的下(xia)端伸入鋁盤(pan)(pan)下(xia)部，與隔著鋁盤(pan)(pan)和電壓部件的鐵芯柱相對應，以便(bian)構(gou)成(cheng)電壓線(xian)圈工作磁(ci)(ci)通的回(hui)路。由于穿(chuan)過(guo)鋁盤(pan)(pan)的兩(liang)個(ge)磁(ci)(ci)通是交流(liu)磁(ci)(ci)通，而且是在(zai)不同(tong)位置穿(chuan)過(guo)鋁盤(pan)(pan)，因此就在(zai)各自穿(chuan)過(guo)鋁盤(pan)(pan)的位置附(fu)近產生(sheng)感應渦流(liu)，兩(liang)個(ge)磁(ci)(ci)通與這些渦流(liu)的相互作用，便(bian)在(zai)鋁盤(pan)(pan)上(shang)產生(sheng)推動鋁盤(pan)(pan)轉動的轉動力矩(ju)。

單相電度表接線方法：

電度表的接(jie)(jie)線方(fang)法有兩種(zhong)：跳入式接(jie)(jie)法和順入式接(jie)(jie)法;

這(zhe)兩種接(jie)線(xian)(xian)方(fang)法從表(biao)面上(shang)看(kan)不大一樣，其內部原理是相(xiang)同(tong)的，即電(dian)(dian)流表(biao)的電(dian)(dian)流線(xian)(xian)圈串入(ru)負(fu)載(zai)回路中，而電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)圈與負(fu)載(zai)并(bing)聯(lian)，兩個(ge)線(xian)(xian)圈的“*”端應接(jie)電(dian)(dian)源的同(tong)一極性端。一般單相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)度表(biao)有(you)專門的接(jie)線(xian)(xian)盒，打開盒蓋看(kan)到(dao)有(you)四(si)個(ge)接(jie)線(xian)(xian)端鈕，實際接(jie)線(xian)(xian)采用哪種方(fang)法，要根據電(dian)(dian)度表(biao)說明書中的規定進行。

在(zai)(zai)低壓(ya)小電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的單(dan)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表可(ke)以直接接在(zai)(zai)線路上。若負(fu)(fu)(fu)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)流很大或電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)很高，則應(ying)通(tong)過互(hu)(hu)(hu)感(gan)器(qi)才能接入電(dian)(dian)(dian)路。此時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流互(hu)(hu)(hu)感(gan)器(qi)的一(yi)次(ci)側(ce)與(yu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載串(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)，次(ci)級與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流線圈串(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)互(hu)(hu)(hu)感(gan)器(qi)的初級與(yu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)，次(ci)級與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線圈并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)。

單相電度表使用方法

1、合理選(xuan)擇(ze)電(dian)度表：一是(shi)(shi)根據(ju)任務選(xuan)擇(ze)單相(xiang)(xiang)或(huo)三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)度表。對于三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)度表，應(ying)根據(ju)被(bei)測線路是(shi)(shi)三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)三(san)線制(zhi)還是(shi)(shi)三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)四線制(zhi)來(lai)選(xuan)擇(ze)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)額定電(dian)壓(ya)、電(dian)流的選(xuan)擇(ze)，必須使負載電(dian)壓(ya)、電(dian)流等于或(huo)小于其額定值。

2、安裝電度表：電(dian)度表(biao)(biao)通常與配電(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在一起，而電(dian)度表(biao)(biao)應(ying)該安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在配電(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的下方(fang)，其中心(xin)距地面(mian)1.5~1.8米處;并列(lie)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)多只電(dian)度表(biao)(biao)時，兩(liang)表(biao)(biao)間距不得小于(yu)200毫米;不同電(dian)價的用(yong)電(dian)線路應(ying)該分別裝(zhuang)(zhuang)表(biao)(biao);同一電(dian)價的用(yong)電(dian)線路應(ying)該合(he)并裝(zhuang)(zhuang)表(biao)(biao);安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)電(dian)度表(biao)(biao)時，必須使表(biao)(biao)身與地面(mian)垂直(zhi)，否則會(hui)影響其準確(que)度。

3、正確接線(xian)：要(yao)(yao)根據(ju)說(shuo)明(ming)書的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)和(he)接線(xian)圖把進線(xian)和(he)出(chu)(chu)線(xian)依次(ci)對號接在(zai)電(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)線(xian)頭上;接線(xian)時(shi)注意電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)相(xiang)序(xu)關系，特別是無功電(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)更(geng)要(yao)(yao)注意相(xiang)序(xu);接線(xian)完(wan)畢后(hou)，要(yao)(yao)反復查對無誤后(hou)才能(neng)合閘(zha)使用。