一、財產保險和人身保險分別的定義是什么

1、財產保險

財產(chan)(chan)(chan)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有廣(guang)義與狹義之(zhi)分。廣(guang)義財產(chan)(chan)(chan)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是指(zhi)(zhi)以財產(chan)(chan)(chan)及其有關的經(jing)濟利(li)益和損害賠償責任為保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)的的保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)；狹義財產(chan)(chan)(chan)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)則是指(zhi)(zhi)以物(wu)質財產(chan)(chan)(chan)為保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)的的保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。在保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實(shi)務中，后者一般稱為財產(chan)(chan)(chan)損失保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。

《中華人民共和國(guo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)法》第九十(shi)五條規(gui)定(ding)，財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業務，包括(kuo)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)損失(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、責(ze)任(ren)(ren)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、信用(yong)(yong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)(deng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業務。可保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)，包括(kuo)物(wu)質(zhi)形(xing)態(tai)和非物(wu)質(zhi)形(xing)態(tai)的(de)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)及(ji)其有關利(li)益(yi)。以物(wu)質(zhi)形(xing)態(tai)的(de)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)及(ji)其相關利(li)益(yi)作(zuo)為(wei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)(biao)的(de)的(de)，通(tong)常稱為(wei)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)損失(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。例如，飛機(ji)、衛星、電(dian)廠(chang)、大型工程、汽車(che)、船舶、廠(chang)房(fang)、設備(bei)以及(ji)家庭(ting)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)(deng)。以非物(wu)質(zhi)形(xing)態(tai)的(de)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)及(ji)其相關利(li)益(yi)作(zuo)為(wei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)(biao)的(de)的(de)，通(tong)常是指各種責(ze)任(ren)(ren)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、信用(yong)(yong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)(deng)。例如，公(gong)眾責(ze)任(ren)(ren)、產(chan)(chan)品責(ze)任(ren)(ren)、雇主責(ze)任(ren)(ren)、職(zhi)業責(ze)任(ren)(ren)、出(chu)口信用(yong)(yong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、投資風險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)(deng)。但(dan)是，并(bing)非所有的(de)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)及(ji)其相關利(li)益(yi)都可以作(zuo)為(wei)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)(biao)的(de)。只有根據(ju)法律規(gui)定(ding)，符合財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合同要求的(de)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)及(ji)其相關利(li)益(yi)，才能成為(wei)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)(biao)的(de)。

2、人身保險

人(ren)(ren)身(shen)保(bao)險(xian)，是(shi)以(yi)人(ren)(ren)的壽命和身(shen)體為保(bao)險(xian)標的的保(bao)險(xian)。當人(ren)(ren)們遭受(shou)(shou)不(bu)幸事故或因疾病(bing)、年老以(yi)致喪失工作能力、傷殘(can)、死(si)亡或年老退(tui)休時，根據保(bao)險(xian)合同的約定(ding)，保(bao)險(xian)人(ren)(ren)對被保(bao)險(xian)人(ren)(ren)或受(shou)(shou)益人(ren)(ren)給付(fu)保(bao)險(xian)金，以(yi)解決(jue)其因病(bing)、殘(can)、老、死(si)所造成的經(jing)濟困難。人(ren)(ren)身(shen)保(bao)險(xian)是(shi)在(zai)社(she)會主義(yi)制(zhi)度下，人(ren)(ren)身(shen)保(bao)險(xian)是(shi)勞動者(zhe)在(zai)遇有不(bu)幸事故，喪失勞動能力或家庭(ting)扶養人(ren)(ren)死(si)亡時得(de)到物質保(bao)證(zheng)的形式之一。

國家(jia)統一使用的(de)人(ren)身(shen)(shen)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)基金，是(shi)靠投保(bao)(bao)人(ren)的(de)按期繳款建立的(de)。人(ren)身(shen)(shen)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)也是(shi)組織居(ju)民儲蓄的(de)一種特殊(shu)形(xing)式，在(zai)投保(bao)(bao)人(ren)達到保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)契約(yue)所(suo)定的(de)年齡時(shi)，國家(jia)給他一定金額(e)的(de)款項等等。人(ren)身(shen)(shen)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)按照保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)形(xing)式，可以分為(wei)自愿保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)和強制保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)；按照人(ren)身(shen)(shen)發生危險(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)性(xing)質，可以分為(wei)人(ren)壽(shou)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)和意外傷害保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。

二、財產保險與人身保險有什么區別

1、保險標的（也稱保險對象）不同

人身保(bao)險(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)標(biao)的(de)(de)是人的(de)(de)壽(shou)命和身體。當遭受(shou)不幸(xing)事(shi)故或因疾病(bing)、年(nian)老(lao)以致喪(sang)失工作(zuo)能(neng)力(li)、傷(shang)殘、死亡或年(nian)老(lao)退休時，會給付相應(ying)的(de)(de)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)金。

財產(chan)保險的(de)保險標的(de)是財產(chan)及(ji)其相關利益，包括財產(chan)損失保險、責任保險、信用保險、保證(zheng)保險、農業保險等(deng)。

2、保額確定方式不同

人身(shen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)是以投保(bao)(bao)(bao)人根據自己的經濟(ji)狀況(kuang)、工作性質(zhi)來(lai)確定保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)金額的；財產保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)是根據保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)標的實際價值來(lai)確定的，屬于補償(chang)性保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)。

3、保險期限不同

一般來說人身保險的保險期限都在1年以上，保險期限較長，計算保費時會考慮利率等因素；財產保險多為(wei)短(duan)期（1年(nian)及1年(nian)以內(nei)）。財產保險計(ji)算保費時一般不考慮(lv)利率因素。

4、保險性質不同

對于某(mou)些人(ren)身保(bao)(bao)險(xian)險(xian)種來說(shuo)具(ju)(ju)有一定(ding)的儲蓄性，保(bao)(bao)單(dan)在經過(guo)一定(ding)的時間后，具(ju)(ju)有現金價值(zhi)，投(tou)保(bao)(bao)人(ren)或被(bei)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)人(ren)享有保(bao)(bao)單(dan)抵押貸款等一系列權利，而財產保(bao)(bao)險(xian)一般不具(ju)(ju)有。

人(ren)(ren)身(shen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與財產(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的區別有哪些，大致(zhi)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)分為以(yi)上四種，對于人(ren)(ren)身(shen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)來說還有一些其他的性(xing)質(zhi)是(shi)財產(chan)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)不具有的。比如代位求償，當損(sun)失(shi)由第(di)三(san)方(fang)(fang)造(zao)成時(shi)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)履行賠償義務后，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)向第(di)三(san)方(fang)(fang)責任人(ren)(ren)追償損(sun)失(shi)，但(dan)是(shi)被保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)；在(zai)人(ren)(ren)身(shen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)中，投保(bao)(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)遭(zao)受(shou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)事故受(shou)到傷害后，既能從保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)獲得(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)金(jin)，又能從致(zhi)害人(ren)(ren)那里獲得(de)賠償，但(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)沒有從肇(zhao)事者處索取賠償的權利。

單從字面來看的(de)(de)話，人身保(bao)險(xian)與財產保(bao)險(xian)的(de)(de)區(qu)別(bie)在(zai)承(cheng)保(bao)的(de)(de)對象上(shang)就(jiu)有本質(zhi)的(de)(de)區(qu)別(bie)，人身保(bao)險(xian)主要承(cheng)保(bao)的(de)(de)是(shi)“人”一(yi)般不涉(she)及“物”；財產保(bao)險(xian)承(cheng)保(bao)的(de)(de)不僅有“物”還會涉(she)及到(dao)“人”的(de)(de)問題(ti)。

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