一、消防泵怎么啟動

消防控制室與消火栓動作按鈕啟動關系與消火栓泵的啟動形式有關。消防泵的(de)啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方式(shi)一般分(fen)為(wei)兩種，第一種啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方式(shi)是在(zai)總線制聯控(kong)方式(shi)下，消火(huo)栓(shuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作按鈕的(de)起動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)可通過(guo)設在(zai)消火(huo)栓(shuan)旁的(de)聯動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)接口(kou)模塊將(jiang)其要求的(de)啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)信號送至(zhi)消防(fang)控(kong)制室控(kong)制臺，再從(cong)此處輸出(chu)使消火(huo)栓(shuan)啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)開(kai)關量觸點。

第二種啟動方(fang)式(shi)，是直(zhi)接(jie)將消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓動作按鈕的(de)開關量(liang)觸點(dian)輸出到消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓泵啟(qi)動箱。這兩種(zhong)啟(qi)動方(fang)式(shi)在實際(ji)設計(ji)中(zhong)都可以運用，前一種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)接(jie)線省，但(dan)需(xu)在總線制下，對消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓聯動模塊進行地(di)址編碼編程(cheng)來(lai)達到監測大(da)量(liang)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓的(de)目的(de)。后一種(zhong)啟(qi)動方(fang)式(shi)簡單可靠，但(dan)還需(xu)要把消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓動作信號返給消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)防控制室。設計(ji)者在具體設計(ji)中(zhong)可根據(ju)實際(ji)工(gong)程(cheng)規模大(da)小來(lai)選用，工(gong)程(cheng)規模大(da)、建筑形(xing)式(shi)復雜(za)可采(cai)用前一種(zhong)啟(qi)動方(fang)式(shi)，規模小可采(cai)用后一種(zhong)啟(qi)動方(fang)式(shi)。

消(xiao)防泵(beng)的自啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)是通過(guo)(guo)各保護區的管網噴嘴玻璃球高溫下爆碎，引起(qi)管網水流流動(dong)(dong)(dong)，從(cong)而聯動(dong)(dong)(dong)報警閥壓(ya)力開關動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)，達(da)到自啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)噴淋(lin)泵(beng)的目的。通過(guo)(guo)水流指示器聯動(dong)(dong)(dong)模塊或報警閥壓(ya)力開關引線至控(kong)制(zhi)室，消(xiao)防控(kong)制(zhi)室能(neng)準確(que)反映(ying)其動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)信號，同時控(kong)制(zhi)室應能(neng)直接控(kong)制(zhi)噴淋(lin)泵(beng)啟停。

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二、消防泵的啟泵方式

1、星三角啟動模式

星三角的(de)啟動(dong)模式結構簡單(dan)、價格便宜、可靠性(xing)高，為此，被廣泛利用，通過減小(xiao)功率來降低設備啟動(dong)電流(liu)來進(jin)行啟動(dong)的(de)。電流(liu)特性(xing)很好(hao)，而轉(zhuan)矩(ju)特性(xing)較差，所(suo)以(yi)客觀存在只適用于無載或(huo)者輕(qing)載起動(dong)的(de)場合。

2、自耦降壓啟動模式

自(zi)耦(ou)(ou)降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)模式是利用(yong)自(zi)耦(ou)(ou)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來降(jiang)低加在(zai)電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)定子繞組(zu)(zu)上的啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。待(dai)電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)后(hou)，再使(shi)電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)與自(zi)耦(ou)(ou)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)脫離，從而(er)在(zai)全壓(ya)(ya)(ya)下正常(chang)運動(dong)(dong)。這種(zhong)降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)分為手動(dong)(dong)控制(zhi)和自(zi)動(dong)(dong)控制(zhi)兩(liang)種(zhong)。可以(yi)按允許的啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電流和所需的啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)轉矩(ju)來選擇自(zi)耦(ou)(ou)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的不同抽頭實現降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)，而(er)且不論電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的定子繞組(zu)(zu)采用(yong)Y 或(huo)Δ接(jie)法都可以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)。

3、軟啟啟動模式

軟起動(dong)(dong)是通過(guo)采用(yong)降(jiang)壓、補償或(huo)變頻等技術手(shou)段，實現電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)及機(ji)械負載的平滑起動(dong)(dong)，減少起動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的影響程度，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)和(he)機(ji)械系統得以保(bao)護。這(zhe)(zhe)種形式成本高(gao)但對(dui)設備保(bao)護較好(hao)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓由零慢慢提升到額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，這(zhe)(zhe)樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)在啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中的啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，就由過(guo)去過(guo)載沖(chong)擊電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不可控(kong)制變成為可控(kong)制。并且可根據需要(yao)調節啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的大小。

4、直啟啟動模式

消防泵直啟的模式，一(yi)般是(shi)15KW以下水泵考(kao)慮，并(bing)滿(man)足啟動負荷不大于容量(liang)的20%。限制(zhi)較大，實際使用比較少。