一、消防泵怎么啟動
消防控制室與消火栓動作按鈕啟動關系與消火栓泵的啟動形式有關。消防泵的啟動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)一(yi)般分為兩種,第(di)一(yi)種啟動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)是在總線制聯(lian)(lian)控方(fang)式(shi)下,消(xiao)火栓(shuan)(shuan)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)按鈕(niu)的起動(dong)(dong)可通(tong)過設在消(xiao)火栓(shuan)(shuan)旁的聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)接口模塊(kuai)將其要求的啟動(dong)(dong)信(xin)號送至消(xiao)防(fang)控制室控制臺,再從(cong)此處輸出使消(xiao)火栓(shuan)(shuan)啟動(dong)(dong)的開(kai)關(guan)量觸(chu)點。
第二種啟(qi)動(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi),是直接將消(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)動(dong)(dong)作按(an)鈕的開(kai)關(guan)量觸點輸出(chu)到消(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)泵啟動(dong)(dong)箱(xiang)。這(zhe)兩種啟動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)在(zai)實際設計中都可(ke)以運用,前一種方(fang)式(shi)(shi)接線省(sheng),但需在(zai)總(zong)線制下,對消(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)聯動(dong)(dong)模(mo)塊(kuai)進行地(di)址編碼編程(cheng)來達到監(jian)測大量消(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)的目(mu)的。后一種啟動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)簡(jian)單可(ke)靠,但還需要把(ba)消(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)動(dong)(dong)作信號(hao)返(fan)給消(xiao)(xiao)防控制室。設計者在(zai)具體設計中可(ke)根(gen)據實際工程(cheng)規(gui)模(mo)大小(xiao)來選(xuan)用,工程(cheng)規(gui)模(mo)大、建筑形式(shi)(shi)復雜可(ke)采用前一種啟動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi),規(gui)模(mo)小(xiao)可(ke)采用后一種啟動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)。
消(xiao)防泵的自(zi)啟動是通(tong)(tong)過(guo)各(ge)保(bao)護區(qu)的管網(wang)噴嘴玻璃球高溫(wen)下爆碎,引(yin)起管網(wang)水流(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)動,從而(er)聯動報警閥壓力開(kai)(kai)關動作,達到(dao)自(zi)啟動噴淋泵的目的。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)水流(liu)(liu)指示器(qi)聯動模塊或報警閥壓力開(kai)(kai)關引(yin)線至(zhi)控制室,消(xiao)防控制室能準確反映其動作信(xin)號,同時控制室應能直接(jie)控制噴淋泵啟停。
二、消防泵的啟泵方式
1、星三角啟動模式
星三角的(de)啟動(dong)(dong)模式(shi)結構(gou)簡單、價格便宜、可靠(kao)性(xing)高(gao),為此,被廣泛利用,通過減(jian)小(xiao)功(gong)率來降低設(she)備啟動(dong)(dong)電流(liu)來進行啟動(dong)(dong)的(de)。電流(liu)特性(xing)很好,而(er)轉矩特性(xing)較差,所(suo)以客觀(guan)存在(zai)只適(shi)用于無載或(huo)者輕載起動(dong)(dong)的(de)場合。
2、自耦降壓啟動模式
自(zi)耦降壓(ya)的(de)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)模式是利用自(zi)耦變(bian)壓(ya)器來(lai)降低(di)加在(zai)電動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)定(ding)子(zi)繞組上的(de)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)電壓(ya)。待電動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)后,再使電動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)與自(zi)耦變(bian)壓(ya)器脫離,從(cong)而在(zai)全壓(ya)下正常運動(dong)(dong)(dong)。這種(zhong)降壓(ya)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)分為手動(dong)(dong)(dong)控制(zhi)和自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)控制(zhi)兩種(zhong)。可以(yi)按允許的(de)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)電流和所需的(de)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)轉矩(ju)來(lai)選擇自(zi)耦變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)不同抽頭實現降壓(ya)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong),而且不論電動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)定(ding)子(zi)繞組采用Y 或Δ接(jie)法(fa)都可以(yi)使用。
3、軟啟啟動模式
軟起動(dong)是通(tong)過采用降壓、補(bu)償(chang)或變頻等技術手段,實現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)及(ji)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)負載的(de)平(ping)滑起動(dong),減(jian)少起動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)影響(xiang)程度,使電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)和機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)系統得以保護。這種形(xing)式成本高但對設備(bei)保護較好。電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓由零慢(man)(man)慢(man)(man)提升到額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓,這樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)在啟(qi)動(dong)過程中的(de)啟(qi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu),就由過去過載沖擊電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不可控制(zhi)變成為可控制(zhi)。并(bing)且可根據(ju)需要(yao)調(diao)節(jie)啟(qi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)大(da)小。
4、直啟啟動模式
消防泵直(zhi)啟的(de)模(mo)式,一般是15KW以下(xia)水泵(beng)考慮,并滿足啟動負荷不大(da)于容量(liang)的(de)20%。限制較大(da),實際使用比較少。