一、碳膜電位器和繞線電位器區別在哪里
1、線繞電位器
線(xian)繞(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器是(shi)由繞(rao)在骨(gu)架(jia)上(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)絲線(xian)圈和(he)(he)沿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器移動的(de)(de)滑臂以及其上(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),骨(gu)架(jia)截(jie)面應處處相(xiang)等(deng),由材料和(he)(he)截(jie)面均勻(yun)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)絲等(deng)節距繞(rao)制而成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。線(xian)繞(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)體(ti)大多是(shi)采用的(de)(de)多碳(tan)酸類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)合成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樹脂(zhi)材料來制成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de),所以應該避免與以下這些物品直(zhi)接(jie)接(jie)觸(chu):氨水,其它胺類(lei)(lei),堿(jian)水溶(rong)液,芳香族碳(tan)氫化合物,酮(tong)類(lei)(lei),脂(zhi)類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)碳(tan)氫化合物,強(qiang)烈化學品(酸堿(jian)值過高)等(deng),否則(ze)會影響線(xian)繞(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器的(de)(de)使(shi)用性能(neng)。線(xian)繞(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器的(de)(de)端子(zi)在焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時應避免使(shi)用水溶(rong)性助焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)劑,否則(ze)將助長金屬氧化與材料發霉,避免使(shi)用劣質焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)劑,焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)錫(xi)不良(liang)可能(neng)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)錫(xi)困難(nan),導致接(jie)觸(chu)不良(liang)或者斷(duan)路。線(xian)繞(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器的(de)(de)端子(zi)在焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)過程中若焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)溫度過高或焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時間(jian)過長可能(neng)導致對線(xian)繞(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器的(de)(de)損壞。插腳(jiao)式端子(zi)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時應在235℃±5℃,3秒鐘內(nei)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)應離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器本(ben)體(ti)1.5MM以上(shang),焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時勿使(shi)用焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)錫(xi)流穿線(xian)路板,焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)線(xian)式端子(zi)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時應在350℃±10℃,3秒鐘內(nei)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。且(qie)端子(zi)應避免重壓,否則(ze)易(yi)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)接(jie)觸(chu)不良(liang)。
2、碳膜電位器
碳(tan)膜(mo)電位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)在馬蹄形的(de)(de)紙膠(jiao)板上涂上一(yi)(yi)層碳(tan)膜(mo)而制成的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)電位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。碳(tan)膜(mo)電位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)阻(zu)值變化和(he)(he)中間觸頭(tou)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)的(de)(de)關系有(you)直線式(shi)、對數式(shi)和(he)(he)指數式(shi)三(san)種(zhong)(zhong)。碳(tan)膜(mo)電位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)大(da)(da)型、小型、微(wei)型幾種(zhong)(zhong),有(you)的(de)(de)和(he)(he)開關一(yi)(yi)起(qi)組成帶開關電位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。從(cong)外(wai)觀(guan)方面來看,脈沖電位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)普通電位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)樣都是(shi)(shi)三(san)個引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao),但在其內部與(yu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)1、2相連(lian)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)兩(liang)個長短(duan)不(bu)一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)金(jin)屬靜(jing)片,與(yu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)3相連(lian)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)周有(you)12或(huo)24個齒的(de)(de)金(jin)屬動片。當脈沖電位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)旋(xuan)轉時可(ke)出現(xian)四(si)種(zhong)(zhong)狀態:即(ji)引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)3與(yu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)1相連(lian),引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)3與(yu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)2及引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)1全(quan)相連(lian)。引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)3與(yu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)2相連(lian),引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)3與(yu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)2及引(yin)(yin)(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)1全(quan)斷開。碳(tan)膜(mo)電位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)電阻(zu)體是(shi)(shi)用經(jing)過研(yan)磨的(de)(de)碳(tan)黑、石(shi)墨、石(shi)英等(deng)材(cai)料涂敷于基體表(biao)面而成,該工藝簡單,是(shi)(shi)目前(qian)應用最廣泛的(de)(de)電位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。碳(tan)膜(mo)電位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)特點(dian)是(shi)(shi)分辨力(li)高(gao)耐(nai)(nai)磨性好,壽命較長。缺點(dian)是(shi)(shi)電流噪(zao)聲,非線性大(da)(da),耐(nai)(nai)潮性以及阻(zu)值穩定性差。
綜(zong)上所述,二者最大的(de)區別是線繞電位器比碳膜電位器的(de)功率(lv)大得多,前者可根(gen)據需要制成功率(lv)不同的(de)電位器。
二、碳膜電位器怎么修
1、替換法
有些(xie)碳(tan)膜電位器磨(mo)損(sun)嚴重,用摩擦清洗法根本(ben)就不能(neng)解決問題(ti),比(bi)如接觸簧(huang)片(pian)與碳(tan)膜片(pian)發生斷(duan)裂,這(zhe)樣的問題(ti)一般(ban)都是采用替換法來解決。首先把(ba)損(sun)壞(huai)的碳(tan)膜電位器從設(she)備上拆下來,然后對它進行分拆,將壞(huai)了(le)的簧(huang)片(pian)與碳(tan)膜片(pian)用以前(qian)廢舊電位器中好的進行替換再組合就行了(le)。
2、摩擦清洗法
剛開始碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)電(dian)(dian)位器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨損(sun)還不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)嚴重,表現(xian)出(chu)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)也只(zhi)是(shi)在調節時聲(sheng)音出(chu)現(xian)雜音或(huo)音量(liang)時大時小(xiao),畫面有(you)一些雜波等,這(zhe)(zhe)主要是(shi)由(you)于(yu)碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)電(dian)(dian)位器(qi)在使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中侵入了(le)(le)灰(hui)塵或(huo)觸(chu)簧在與(yu)(yu)碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷摩擦下產生了(le)(le)塵埃(ai)從而(er)污(wu)染了(le)(le)觸(chu)點,致使(shi)觸(chu)簧與(yu)(yu)碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)片接觸(chu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)良而(er)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。對于(yu)這(zhe)(zhe)種問(wen)(wen)題(ti),經常使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)復(fu)方法首(shou)先前提是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來回滑動或(huo)旋轉電(dian)(dian)位器(qi),這(zhe)(zhe)樣做可以去除觸(chu)點與(yu)(yu)碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)片上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)物,讓觸(chu)點變得光潔(jie),即使(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)清洗也能(neng)讓設備暫時恢(hui)復(fu)正常,這(zhe)(zhe)對于(yu)解決(jue)臨時問(wen)(wen)題(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)失為一個可取的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法。為了(le)(le)讓問(wen)(wen)題(ti)進一步的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)得到解決(jue),我們就可以在摩擦之(zhi)后(hou)對電(dian)(dian)位器(qi)用(yong)清洗液(ye)進行清洗,徹(che)底洗掉電(dian)(dian)位器(qi)碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)片上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)物,讓簧片與(yu)(yu)碳(tan)(tan)膜(mo)片接觸(chu)良好(hao)。
3、潤滑保護法
為了延(yan)長修理后的(de)電(dian)(dian)位(wei)器的(de)使(shi)用壽命,經常在碳膜(mo)電(dian)(dian)位(wei)器的(de)碳膜(mo)片(pian)上(shang)涂一點硅脂(縫(feng)紉機油(you)也是可以),這樣做的(de)好處(chu)是可以防止產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)弧,由于(yu)硅脂的(de)潤滑(hua)(hua)作用減輕了簧(huang)片(pian)與碳膜(mo)片(pian)的(de)摩擦(ca),從而使(shi)電(dian)(dian)位(wei)器在調(diao)諧時電(dian)(dian)阻的(de)變化(hua)均衡平滑(hua)(hua),效(xiao)果(guo)良好。