一、 直線電機和旋轉電機的區別
旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)是(shi)指能(neng)夠(gou)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)化為(wei)機(ji)(ji)械能(neng),實現(xian)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運動(dong)(dong)的電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji),包括直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)、交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)、步進電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)等。直線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)則是(shi)指能(neng)夠(gou)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)化為(wei)直線(xian)運動(dong)(dong)的電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji),其工(gong)作原理是(shi)利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)磁力將(jiang)線(xian)圈推動(dong)(dong)沿直線(xian)運動(dong)(dong),包括直線(xian)同(tong)步電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)、線(xian)性感應(ying)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)等。
旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)與直(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)機(ji)的區別在于(yu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)方式不同(tong)。旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)來完(wan)(wan)成工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),而直(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)機(ji)則是通(tong)過(guo)(guo)直(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)來完(wan)(wan)成工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。此外,旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)通(tong)常需(xu)要通(tong)過(guo)(guo)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)置將旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)為機(ji)械工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),而直(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)機(ji)則不需(xu)要傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)置,直(zhi)接將電(dian)能轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)為直(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)。
旋轉電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的應用非(fei)常(chang)廣泛,包括電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)、機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)、家電(dian)(dian)、工(gong)業自動(dong)(dong)化等(deng)領(ling)域(yu)。而直線電(dian)(dian)機(ji)則主要應用于高(gao)速列車(che)、電(dian)(dian)梯、醫(yi)療器(qi)械(xie)、印(yin)刷機(ji)等(deng)需要直線運動(dong)(dong)的場合(he)。此外,直線電(dian)(dian)機(ji)還可(ke)以用于制造機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)、機(ji)床等(deng)高(gao)精度設備。
二、直線電機與旋轉電機性能比較
直線(xian)電機(ji)與旋(xuan)轉電機(ji)相比,主(zhu)要有如下幾個(ge)特點:
1、結構簡單
由于直線電機不需要把旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)動變成直線運(yun)動的(de)附加裝置,因而使得系統本身(shen)的(de)結構(gou)大(da)為簡化,重量和體積大(da)大(da)下(xia)降。
2、定位精度高
在需要直(zhi)線運動(dong)的地方,直(zhi)線電機可以(yi)實(shi)現直(zhi)接傳動(dong),因而可以(yi)消除中間環節所帶來的各種(zhong)定(ding)位(wei)誤差,故定(ding)位(wei)精(jing)度(du)高,如采用微機控制,則還可以(yi)大(da)大(da)地提高整個系統的定(ding)位(wei)精(jing)度(du)。
3、反應速度快、靈敏度高,隨動性好
直線電(dian)機容易(yi)做到其動(dong)(dong)子(zi)用磁懸浮支(zhi)撐,因而(er)(er)使得動(dong)(dong)子(zi)和定(ding)子(zi)之間(jian)始終保持一定(ding)的(de)氣隙而(er)(er)不接觸,這就消除了定(ding)、動(dong)(dong)子(zi)間(jian)的(de)接觸摩(mo)擦阻力,因而(er)(er)大(da)大(da)地提高了系統的(de)靈敏度、快速性和隨動(dong)(dong)性。
4、工作安全可靠、壽命長
直線電機可以實現無(wu)接觸傳(chuan)遞力(li),機械摩擦損耗幾乎為零(ling),所(suo)以故障(zhang)少,免(mian)維修,因而工作(zuo)安(an)全可靠、壽命長。