一、驗電器是檢驗什么的儀器

驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是一(yi)種(zhong)檢測物體是否(fou)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)(yi)及粗(cu)略估(gu)計帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)大(da)小的(de)(de)儀器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，當被檢驗(yan)物體接(jie)觸驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)頂端的(de)(de)導體時，自身所(suo)帶的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷會傳(chuan)到玻璃(li)鐘(zhong)罩內的(de)(de)箔片(pian)上(shang)。由于同(tong)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷相互排斥(chi)(chi)，箔片(pian)將(jiang)(jiang)自動分開，張成(cheng)一(yi)定角度(du)。根(gen)據(ju)兩箔片(pian)張成(cheng)角度(du)的(de)(de)大(da)小可(ke)估(gu)計物體帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)大(da)小。其(qi)實這是箔片(pian)所(suo)受(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場力(li)包括箔片(pian)上(shang)同(tong)名的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)斥(chi)(chi)力(li)和器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)皿(min)內壁異名電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)吸引(yin)(yin)力(li)。如(ru)果將(jiang)(jiang)玻璃(li)瓶改(gai)(gai)為使用金屬盒以(yi)(yi)便屏蔽靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、金屬棒(bang)和器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)皿(min)引(yin)(yin)出導線以(yi)(yi)便測量(liang)(liang)兩點(dian)間(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)差、增(zeng)加(jia)刻度(du)以(yi)(yi)便將(jiang)(jiang)結(jie)果量(liang)(liang)化，那么驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)改(gai)(gai)造為更精(jing)確的(de)(de)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)計。

二、驗電器是基本安全用具嗎

驗電器(qi)既可(ke)以作為基本安(an)全用(yong)具(ju)使用(yong)，也可(ke)以作為輔助安(an)全用(yong)具(ju)使用(yong)。

驗(yan)電器在電氣安(an)全(quan)檢測中具(ju)有非常(chang)重要的(de)(de)作(zuo)用，它可以幫助(zhu)工人(ren)識別(bie)設備是(shi)否帶電或者帶有電壓，為電氣安(an)全(quan)提供了保障(zhang)。同(tong)時，在工業領(ling)域中，驗(yan)電器也是(shi)一種重要的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)用具(ju)，它可以作(zuo)為基本安(an)全(quan)用具(ju)使用，幫助(zhu)工人(ren)避免因(yin)電氣問(wen)題(ti)引發的(de)(de)事故(gu)。在一些危險系數較高(gao)的(de)(de)情(qing)況下，也可以作(zuo)為輔助(zhu)安(an)全(quan)用具(ju)使用。

三、驗電器是感應起電還是接觸起電

驗(yan)電器是通過接觸起電的(de)方式(shi)工作的(de)。

驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)一種(zhong)用于檢測(ce)物(wu)(wu)體(ti)是(shi)否(fou)帶電(dian)(dian)以及粗略估(gu)計(ji)帶電(dian)(dian)量大小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)儀器(qi)(qi)。其工作原(yuan)(yuan)理基于同(tong)(tong)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)荷(he)相(xiang)互(hu)排斥的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)理。當被檢驗(yan)物(wu)(wu)體(ti)接觸(chu)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)頂(ding)端的(de)(de)(de)導體(ti)時，自身所帶的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)荷(he)會傳(chuan)到玻(bo)璃(li)鐘(zhong)罩內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)箔(bo)(bo)片(pian)上。由于同(tong)(tong)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)荷(he)相(xiang)互(hu)排斥，箔(bo)(bo)片(pian)將(jiang)自動(dong)分開(kai)，張成(cheng)一定角度(du)。根據兩箔(bo)(bo)片(pian)張成(cheng)角度(du)的(de)(de)(de)大小(xiao)，可(ke)以估(gu)計(ji)物(wu)(wu)體(ti)帶電(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)(de)大小(xiao)。這種(zhong)通過(guo)物(wu)(wu)體(ti)與驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)金屬(shu)球接觸(chu)，導致電(dian)(dian)荷(he)傳(chuan)到驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)上的(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)箔(bo)(bo)上，進而根據同(tong)(tong)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)荷(he)相(xiang)斥的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)理來判斷物(wu)(wu)體(ti)是(shi)否(fou)帶電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)，屬(shu)于接觸(chu)起電(dian)(dian)。

雖然驗電器(qi)的工(gong)作原理涉及(ji)到接觸起電，但也可(ke)以(yi)通過(guo)改造，如使用金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)盒以(yi)便(bian)屏蔽靜電、金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)棒和(he)(he)器(qi)皿引出導線以(yi)便(bian)測量(liang)兩點間電勢差、增加(jia)刻度(du)以(yi)便(bian)將結果量(liang)化，從而(er)使其成為更(geng)精(jing)確的靜電計。這種改造并不改變驗電器(qi)基本的工(gong)作原理，即通過(guo)接觸帶電物體來檢測和(he)(he)測量(liang)電荷。