【時間繼(ji)電(dian)器】時間繼(ji)電(dian)器符號 時間繼(ji)電(dian)器接(jie)線圖 時間繼(ji)電(dian)器原理特(te)點
時間繼電器是指當加(jia)入(或(huo)去(qu)掉(diao))輸(shu)入的(de)動(dong)作(zuo)信號(hao)后,其輸(shu)出電(dian)路需經過規定的(de)準確時(shi)間(jian)才產生斷開(kai)或(huo)閉合的(de)一種繼電(dian)器(qi)(qi),主要用(yong)來控(kong)制高壓(ya)或(huo)大電(dian)流(liu)(liu),在(zai)有些廠里一般(ban)和交流(liu)(liu)接(jie)觸器(qi)(qi)一起使用(yong)。時(shi)間(jian)繼電(dian)器(qi)(qi)主要有如下特點(dian)(dian),結構(gou)簡單,精(jing)度(du)高,體(ti)積(ji)小。下面來看(kan)看(kan)時(shi)間(jian)繼電(dian)器(qi)(qi)符號(hao)、時(shi)間(jian)繼電(dian)器(qi)(qi)接(jie)線圖、時(shi)間(jian)繼電(dian)器(qi)(qi)原理特點(dian)(dian)吧(ba)!
時間繼電器符號
看時間繼電(dian)器符號(hao)長方體(ti)下部分(fen)來區分(fen)各種時間繼電(dian)器對(dui)應的(de)符號(hao)。
通電延時繼電器符(fu)號長方體(ti)下部(bu)是個叉。
斷電延時繼電器符號(hao)長方體下部是個黑塊。
時間繼電器接線圖
時間繼電器的工作原理
在交流(liu)電路中常采用空氣阻尼型時間繼電器(qi) ,它是(shi)利用空氣通過小孔節流(liu)的(de)原理來獲得延時動作的(de)。它由電磁系(xi)統、延時機(ji)構和觸點三部分組(zu)成。
時間繼電器可分為(wei)通(tong)電(dian)延(yan)時(shi)型(xing)(xing)和斷電(dian)延(yan)時(shi)型(xing)(xing)兩種類型(xing)(xing)。
空(kong)氣阻尼型時(shi)間(jian)繼電(dian)器(qi)的延(yan)時(shi)范圍大(有0.4~60s和0.4~180s兩種(zhong)) ,它結構簡(jian)單(dan),但準(zhun)確度較低。
當線圈通電(電壓規格有(you)ac380v、ac220v或dc220v、dc24v等(deng))時(shi)(shi)(shi),銜鐵(tie)及托板被鐵(tie)心吸引而(er)瞬(shun)時(shi)(shi)(shi)下(xia)移,使(shi)瞬(shun)時(shi)(shi)(shi)動(dong)作觸(chu)點接通或斷開。但(dan)是活(huo)塞(sai)桿和杠桿不能同時(shi)(shi)(shi)跟著(zhu)銜鐵(tie)一起下(xia)落,因為活(huo)塞(sai)桿的(de)上端連著(zhu)氣(qi)室(shi)(shi)中的(de)橡皮膜,當活(huo)塞(sai)桿在(zai)釋放彈簧的(de)作用下(xia)開始向(xiang)下(xia)運動(dong)時(shi)(shi)(shi),橡皮膜隨(sui)之向(xiang)下(xia)凹(ao), 上面空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)室(shi)(shi)的(de)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)變得(de)稀薄而(er)使(shi)活(huo)塞(sai)桿受到阻(zu)尼作用而(er)緩慢下(xia)降。
經過一定時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian),活塞桿下降到一定位置,便通過杠桿推(tui)動(dong)延時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)觸(chu)(chu)點動(dong)作,使動(dong)斷(duan)觸(chu)(chu)點斷(duan)開(kai),動(dong)合觸(chu)(chu)點閉合。從線圈(quan)通電(dian)(dian)到延時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)觸(chu)(chu)點完(wan)成動(dong)作,這段(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)就是繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)延時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)。延時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)長短可以(yi)用(yong)螺釘調節空氣室(shi)進氣孔的(de)(de)大小來改變(bian)。吸引線圈(quan)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)后,繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)依靠恢復(fu)彈簧的(de)(de)作用(yong)而復(fu)原。空氣經出(chu)氣孔被(bei)迅速排出(chu)。
時間繼電器的4大特點
1、空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)阻(zu)尼式時間繼電器又稱為氣(qi)(qi)(qi)囊式時間繼電器,它是根據空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)壓縮產生的阻(zu)力來進行延(yan)時的,其結構(gou)簡單,價格便(bian)宜(yi),延(yan)時范圍大(0.4~180s),但(dan)延(yan)時精確度低。
2、電磁(ci)式時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)繼電器延時(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)短(0.3~1.6s),但它(ta)結構(gou)比較簡單,通常用在斷電延時(shi)(shi)場合和(he)直流電路中。
3、電(dian)動(dong)(dong)式時(shi)(shi)間繼電(dian)器的原(yuan)理(li)與(yu)鐘表類似(si),它(ta)是(shi)由內部(bu)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機帶動(dong)(dong)減速齒輪轉動(dong)(dong)而獲(huo)得延時(shi)(shi)的。這種繼電(dian)器延時(shi)(shi)精度高,延時(shi)(shi)范圍寬(0.4~72h),但(dan)結構比較復雜,價格很貴(gui)。
4、晶體(ti)管式(shi)時(shi)(shi)間繼電(dian)器(qi)又稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)子式(shi)時(shi)(shi)間繼電(dian)器(qi),它是利用延時(shi)(shi)電(dian)路(lu)來進行延時(shi)(shi)的。這種繼電(dian)器(qi)精度高(gao),體(ti)積小。
時(shi)間繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)可分為(wei)通電(dian)(dian)延時(shi)型和斷電(dian)(dian)延時(shi)型兩(liang)種類型。
以空氣阻尼式時間繼(ji)電器(qi)為例來(lai)說(shuo)明時間繼(ji)電器(qi)的工作原理
空(kong)氣(qi)阻(zu)尼型時(shi)間繼電器的延(yan)時(shi)范圍大(有(you)0.4~60s和0.4~180s兩種) ,它結構簡單,但(dan)準確度較低。
當線圈通(tong)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),銜鐵及(ji)托板被鐵心吸引(yin)而瞬時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)下(xia)移,使(shi)瞬時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)動(dong)作(zuo)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)接通(tong)或(huo)斷開。但是(shi)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞桿(gan)(gan)(gan)和杠(gang)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)不能(neng)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)跟著(zhu)銜鐵一起(qi)下(xia)落,因為活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞桿(gan)(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)上端連著(zhu)氣(qi)室(shi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)橡皮膜,當活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞桿(gan)(gan)(gan)在釋放(fang)彈簧的(de)(de)作(zuo)用下(xia)開始向下(xia)運動(dong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),橡皮膜隨(sui)之向下(xia)凹, 上面空氣(qi)室(shi)的(de)(de)空氣(qi)變得稀薄而使(shi)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞桿(gan)(gan)(gan)受到(dao)阻尼作(zuo)用而緩慢(man)下(xia)降(jiang)。經過一定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間,活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞桿(gan)(gan)(gan)下(xia)降(jiang)到(dao)一定(ding)位置,便通(tong)過杠(gang)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)推(tui)動(dong)延(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)作(zuo),使(shi)動(dong)斷觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)斷開,動(dong)合觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)閉合。從(cong)線圈通(tong)電(dian)到(dao)延(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)完成動(dong)作(zuo),這段(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間就是(shi)繼(ji)電(dian)器的(de)(de)延(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間。延(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間的(de)(de)長短可以用螺釘(ding)調節空氣(qi)室(shi)進氣(qi)孔的(de)(de)大小來改變。
吸引(yin)線圈斷電(dian)后(hou),繼電(dian)器(qi)依靠恢復彈簧的作用而復原。空氣經出(chu)氣孔被(bei)迅速排出(chu)。
時間繼電器:當(dang)加上或除去輸(shu)入信號時(shi),輸(shu)出部分需延時(shi)或限時(shi)到規定的時(shi)間才閉合或斷開(kai)其被控線路(lu)的繼電器。