一、鋰電池電芯由什么構成

鋰電池主要由電芯和保護板(ban)兩部分組(zu)成。PCM動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)一(yi)般稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)管理系統BMS。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)心(xin)臟，管理系統相(xiang)當于(yu)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)大腦，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)主要(yao)由(you)(you)正(zheng)極(ji)構(gou)成。目前(qian)市場上的(de)(de)鋰(li)離子二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)主要(yao)由(you)(you)碳酸鹽類有機溶(rong)劑(ji)六氟(fu)磷酸鋰(li)和一(yi)些添加劑(ji)組(zu)成。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯主要(yao)由(you)(you)正(zheng)極(ji)板(ban)、隔膜、負(fu)極(ji)板(ban)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)組(zu)成。層壓、封裝、填充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)、封裝。

而鋰(li)離子電池電芯(xin)由(you)正極(ji)、負極(ji)、隔(ge)膜(mo)、電解液、外(wai)殼(ke)五部(bu)分(fen)組成。正極(ji)活(huo)性物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)為(wei)鈷(gu)酸(suan)(suan)鋰(li)或其他鋰(li)氧化物(wu)(wu)，如(ru)錳酸(suan)(suan)鋰(li)三元材料等，負極(ji)石墨電解液為(wei)六(liu)氟磷酸(suan)(suan)鋰(li)溶(rong)(rong)解于多種(zhong)混合(he)溶(rong)(rong)劑，制成隔(ge)膜(mo)PPPE材質(zhi)，外(wai)殼(ke)一(yi)般有鋁殼(ke)和鋼殼(ke)。

二、鋰電池電芯是什么材料

鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)芯具有高(gao)能(neng)量密度、長壽命(ming)、環保等(deng)特(te)點(dian)，廣泛應(ying)用于移(yi)動電(dian)(dian)源、儲能(neng)系統、智能(neng)終端等(deng)領(ling)域(yu)。鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)芯的材料類型如下：

1、正極材料

鋰電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)芯的正極(ji)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)一般為鈷(gu)酸鋰、三元材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)或(huo)鐵(tie)鋰材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)。其中，鈷(gu)酸鋰材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)能夠提供(gong)較高的放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和能量(liang)密度(du)，但(dan)價格較貴；三元材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)價格適中，能夠提供(gong)較好的性能表(biao)現(xian)；鐵(tie)鋰材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)價格相(xiang)對便宜(yi)，但(dan)能量(liang)密度(du)較低。

2、負極材料

鋰電池電芯的負極(ji)材(cai)料(liao)一般為石墨材(cai)料(liao)。石墨材(cai)料(liao)具有較(jiao)好的導(dao)電(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)和穩定性(xing)，能(neng)夠承受較(jiao)大的電(dian)(dian)化(hua)學反應，但在高(gao)溫(wen)環境(jing)下易發生導(dao)電(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)下降和容量(liang)衰減等問題(ti)。

3、電解液

鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯的電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液一般為有(you)機(ji)液體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)、聚(ju)合物電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)或無機(ji)固(gu)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)體(ti)(ti)。有(you)機(ji)液體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)具(ju)有(you)良好的導電(dian)(dian)(dian)性能(neng)和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學穩定(ding)(ding)性，但(dan)(dan)在高溫環境下易燃易爆；聚(ju)合物電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的熱穩定(ding)(ding)性和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學穩定(ding)(ding)性較強(qiang)，但(dan)(dan)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)性能(neng)較差(cha)；無機(ji)固(gu)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)體(ti)(ti)具(ju)有(you)較強(qiang)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)導率和(he)(he)穩定(ding)(ding)性，但(dan)(dan)價格較高。