千分(fen)尺在測量前,必(bi)須校對其零(ling)位(wei),即通常所說的“對零(ling)位(wei)”。其方法如(ru)下:
1、對于(yu)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)范圍0~25mm的(de)(de)(de)千分(fen)尺,轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)微(wei)分(fen)筒,當(dang)測(ce)(ce)桿和測(ce)(ce)砧兩(liang)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)面(mian)(mian)快要(yao)接觸時(shi),轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)測(ce)(ce)力機構(gou),使兩(liang)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)面(mian)(mian)輕輕地接觸,當(dang)測(ce)(ce)力機構(gou)發出“咔咔”的(de)(de)(de)爬(pa)動(dong)聲后,即(ji)可讀(du)數。這時(shi)微(wei)分(fen)筒的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)刻線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應與固(gu)定套管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)基準線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)重合,微(wei)分(fen)筒端面(mian)(mian)也(ye)恰好(hao)與固(gu)定套管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)刻線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)右邊(bian)緣相(xiang)切(qie)或(huo)者微(wei)分(fen)筒的(de)(de)(de)端面(mian)(mian)離(li)開(離(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian))或(huo)蓋住(壓線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian))固(gu)定套管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)刻線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),但離(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)不得大于(yu)0.1mm,壓線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)不得大于(yu)0.05mm。如果(guo)零(ling)位(wei)不符合要(yao)求,則應對零(ling)位(wei)進行調整(zheng)。
2、對(dui)于測(ce)量(liang)范圍大于25mm的千(qian)分尺,應該在測(ce)桿和(he)測(ce)砧兩測(ce)量(liang)面間(jian)安放尺寸為其測(ce)量(liang)下限的調整(zheng)量(liang)具(又稱校(xiao)對(dui)棒或校(xiao)對(dui)量(liang)桿)后進行。
如零位不準,則按下述步驟進行調整
1、使(shi)用測力(li)裝置,轉動測微螺桿使(shi)測桿和測砧兩測量面接觸。
2、鎖緊測微螺桿。
3、用千分尺的專用扳(ban)手插(cha)人固(gu)(gu)定套(tao)管(guan)的小孔內,扳(ban)轉固(gu)(gu)定套(tao)管(guan),使固(gu)(gu)定套(tao)管(guan)縱刻線與微分筒上零線對準。
4、若偏離零線較(jiao)大(da)時,需用小起子將固定(ding)套管(guan)上(shang)的緊(jin)固螺(luo)絲松(song)脫,并(bing)使測微(wei)(wei)螺(luo)桿與微(wei)(wei)分筒(tong)松(song)動,轉動微(wei)(wei)分筒(tong),進行初(chu)步調(diao)整(zheng)(即粗調(diao)),然(ran)后按上(shang)述步進行微(wei)(wei)調(diao)。
5、調整零位,必須(xu)使微分筒的棱邊與固(gu)定套(tao)管上零刻線重(zhong)合(he),同時要使微分筒上零線對準(zhun)固(gu)定套(tao)管上縱刻線。