1、城山子山城
城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)子山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)位于(yu)吉林(lin)省延邊朝鮮族自治州敦化市區西南,坐落于(yu)牡丹江上(shang)游(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)支流大石(shi)河南岸(an)孤(gu)立(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),因(yin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)建有(you)(you)(you)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),因(yin)而(er)得名。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂(ding)四周有(you)(you)(you)土(tu)石(shi)混筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)廟(miao),長(chang)約4.5公(gong)里(li),中部(bu)有(you)(you)(you)宮殿址遺跡,出(chu)土(tu)許多(duo)東(dong)夏國(guo)文物,該(gai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)金末時(shi)為東(dong)夏國(guo)南京址。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣呈(cheng)不(bu)規則橢圓形(xing),周長(chang)約2000米(mi)(mi)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隨著山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)低(di)(di),蜿(wan)蜒起(qi)伏(fu)于(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腰間。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻是土(tu)夾石(shi)筑成的(de)(de)(de)(de),墻基寬(kuan)度5~7米(mi)(mi),有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)寬(kuan)達(da)10米(mi)(mi)以(yi)上(shang),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻殘高(gao)(gao)1.5米(mi)(mi)~2.5米(mi)(mi)不(bu)等。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之平面呈(cheng)東(dong)北(bei)低(di)(di),西南高(gao)(gao),依據(ju)地勢(shi),稍向東(dong)北(bei)傾斜。北(bei)壁恰在臨(lin)水的(de)(de)(de)(de)懸崖上(shang),因(yin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)崖陡峭(qiao),高(gao)(gao)達(da)40余米(mi)(mi),所以(yi),北(bei)墻較低(di)(di)。在北(bei)壁的(de)(de)(de)(de)西端,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻轉向東(dong)南,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)角構成銳角。經過不(bu)長(chang)一(yi)段后,有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men),這是西門(men)(men),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)開口4米(mi)(mi),門(men)(men)西側的(de)(de)(de)(de)墻由(you)外向內分別彎卷成圓勾形(xing),呈(cheng)堡壘狀。由(you)西門(men)(men)向東(dong)南,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻隨著很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)坡,逐(zhu)漸(jian)抬高(gao)(gao),在這一(yi)段上(shang),由(you)于(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)形(xing)外凸,分別在不(bu)同距離上(shang),設置(zhi)了3個(ge)“馬面”,以(yi)便于(yu)瞭望和守衛。
2、六頂山古墓群 重點文物保護單位
六頂(ding)山(shan)(shan)(shan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)群位于吉林省敦化縣城(cheng)南(nan)5公(gong)里牡丹江右(you)岸六頂(ding)山(shan)(shan)(shan)南(nan)坡的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)坳中。六頂(ding)山(shan)(shan)(shan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)群是(shi)(shi)唐(tang)代渤海(hai)(hai)前期王(wang)族(zu)的(de)塋地。渤海(hai)(hai)國是(shi)(shi)粟末靺鞨人(ren)-于698年,以(yi)牡丹江流域為(wei)中心建立的(de)政權,唐(tang)玄宗冊封(feng)-為(wei)“渤海(hai)(hai)郡王(wang)”,并在其統治的(de)地區置忽汗州,設忽汗州(渤海(hai)(hai))都(dou)(dou)督府。渤海(hai)(hai)國和(he)內地往(wang)來頻繁,典章(zhang)制度(du)多仿效唐(tang)王(wang)朝,社(she)會經(jing)濟和(he)文(wen)化都(dou)(dou)達(da)到了(le)一(yi)定的(de)水(shui)平,926年被(bei)契丹所(suo)滅。1949年延邊大(da)學(xue)、1959年吉林省博物館、1964年中國科學(xue)院考(kao)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)研究(jiu)所(suo)先后對墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)群進行了(le)考(kao)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)發掘(jue)。六頂(ding)山(shan)(shan)(shan)呈東(dong)西(xi)走向,由起伏(fu)毗連的(de)六座山(shan)(shan)(shan)頭組成,最高峰的(de)海(hai)(hai)拔是(shi)(shi)603米(mi),由此(ci)向東(dong)南(nan)伸出一(yi)個(ge)山(shan)(shan)(shan)岔,山(shan)(shan)(shan)岔的(de)兩(liang)側都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)地,共(gong)有90多座古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)分石(shi)室墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)和(he)石(shi)棺墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兩(liang)種。1949年在這(zhe)里清理的(de)貞惠(hui)公(gong)主墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu),是(shi)(shi)渤海(hai)(hai)第(di)三代王(wang)大(da)欽(qin)茂女(nv)兒的(de)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)地,墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)0土有陶器、玉壁(bi)、鎏金銅飾件和(he)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)碑等遺物。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)碑作圭形,高90厘米(mi)、寬49厘米(mi)、厚29厘米(mi),碑文(wen)為(wei)漢字陰刻(ke),楷書真字,共(gong)計(ji)21行。
3、敦化正覺寺
正(zheng)覺寺位于敦化(hua)市(shi)南郊,六(liu)頂山(shan)旅游風景區內(nei),距(ju)市(shi)區4公里。為該(gai)寺第(di)三(san)(san)(san)代傳人旅美(mei)高僧,釋(shi)佛性(xing)大師于1993年恢復重(zhong)建(jian)。總占地(di)面(mian)積近9萬(wan)平方(fang)米,是國內(nei)大型廟宇(yu)之(zhi)一(yi),也是世(shi)界最大的(de)(de)尼(ni)眾道(dao)場(chang)。寺院分殿(dian)堂(tang)區、生(sheng)活區、佛學(xue)院三(san)(san)(san)個區。中(zhong)軸線上山(shan)門殿(dian)、天王殿(dian)、大雄寶殿(dian)、觀音互(hu)殿(dian)和藏經殿(dian)五(wu)座雙(shuang)檐大殿(dian)隨山(shan)勢漸次(ci)升高,鐘鼓樓(lou)與牌樓(lou)門相(xiang)映照,青山(shan)綠(lv)水,白云藍天,紅墻黃瓦,樓(lou)閣重(zhong)疊,其中(zhong),大雄寶殿(dian)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積1200平方(fang)米,高居于飾有九龍(long)墨石(shi)雕(diao)御道(dao)的(de)(de)三(san)(san)(san)層圍欄月臺之(zhi)上。殿(dian)內(nei)高12.5米的(de)(de)三(san)(san)(san)尊(zun)樟木(mu)大佛,以及(ji)釋(shi)迦牟尼(ni)成(cheng)道(dao)景德鎮的(de)(de)陶(tao)瓷壁面(mian),八根漢(han)白玉盤龍(long)柱(zhu),云南劍川青皮(pi)木(mu)雕(diao)隔(ge)扇(shan)門,華貴的(de)(de)藻(zao)井均屬屆宇(yu)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)精品。六(liu)角六(liu)亭的(de)(de)觀音殿(dian)更別具特色。殿(dian)中(zhong)用(yong)6.6公斤(jin)純金貼面(mian)的(de)(de)六(liu)面(mian)體六(liu)千只手(shou)眼(yan)觀音圣像(xiang),是世(shi)界上獨一(yi)無(wu)二(er)的(de)(de)藝(yi)術(shu)杰作。精美(mei)的(de)(de)石(shi)雕(diao)、木(mu)雕(diao)、彩繪與趙樸(pu)初等名家墨跡都為寺院增添(tian)了光彩。別墅式(shi)小洋樓(lou)與大殿(dian)區傳統的(de)(de)中(zhong)式(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)相(xiang)互(hu)照應。
4、敦化黃泥河
該保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)位于吉林(lin)(lin)(lin)省延邊朝(chao)鮮(xian)族(zu)自治州敦化市境內(nei)(nei)的(de)北部。北部與黑(hei)龍江省三合屯(tun)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業局(ju)接壤(rang),西(xi)部與蛟河市接壤(rang)。區(qu)內(nei)(nei)有4個(ge)林(lin)(lin)(lin)場。區(qu)內(nei)(nei)自然(ran)資源(yuan)以國有森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)為(wei)(wei)主,交(jiao)通(tong)條件較差,僅有團(tuan)北及小白(bai)兩條森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)鐵路與外(wai)界相(xiang)通(tong),沒有公路。保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)位于吉林(lin)(lin)(lin)省準褶皺(zhou)帶(dai),為(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)(di)殼運動隆起(qi)而產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)中(zhong)山地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)。居中(zhong)溫帶(dai)濕潤氣(qi)候區(qu)中(zhong)的(de)冷涼區(qu),區(qu)內(nei)(nei)氣(qi)候垂直(zhi)分(fen)布,差異(yi)明顯,土(tu)壤(rang)垂直(zhi)分(fen)布與森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)植(zhi)被為(wei)(wei)相(xiang)互依存(cun)(cun)關系。海(hai)拔(ba)500~800米為(wei)(wei)臺(tai)地(di)(di)(di)白(bai)漿(jiang)(jiang)土(tu)和(he)(he)(he)白(bai)漿(jiang)(jiang)化暗棕色(se)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)土(tu),氣(qi)候和(he)(he)(he)土(tu)壤(rang)適宜針闊混(hun)交(jiao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)長。海(hai)拔(ba)1300米以上為(wei)(wei)山地(di)(di)(di)苔原土(tu)和(he)(he)(he)棕色(se)針葉土(tu)。風大、霧大、降雨量大,特殊的(de)地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)、地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao),使極地(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)物(wu)和(he)(he)(he)西(xi)伯(bo)利亞植(zhi)物(wu)能夠保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)下(xia)來,如(ru)偃松、牛皮杜(du)鵑(juan)、篤斯樾桔(jie)、灰毛柳、紅景天、岳樺(hua)、高山檜等。保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)總面(mian)積(ji)為(wei)(wei)23476公頃,其中(zhong)有林(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)為(wei)(wei)22631公頃,森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)覆蓋率為(wei)(wei)96.4%。區(qu)內(nei)(nei)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)面(mian)積(ji)大,林(lin)(lin)(lin)相(xiang)保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)完好,原生(sheng)(sheng)性(xing)強,生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)資源(yuan)豐富(fu),生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)物(wu)種(zhong)有1590種(zhong)。
5、敦化六頂山
六(liu)頂(ding)(ding)山(shan)風景區(qu)(qu)位于敦化市(shi)(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)南5公里處(chu),屬(shu)于聞名中外(wai)的長(chang)白山(shan)脈丘陵地(di)帶,依山(shan)傍水(shui),群峰環(huan)繞。南部有國(guo)(guo)家級文(wen)物(wu)保護單(dan)位-渤(bo)海國(guo)(guo)古墓(mu)(mu)群,北部有牡丹江環(huan)繞而過,東(dong)部有東(dong)北亞(ya)地(di)區(qu)(qu)最大的佛教尼眾寺院(yuan)-正覺(jue)寺。六(liu)頂(ding)(ding)山(shan)東(dong)西走(zou)向(xiang),有起(qi)伏(fu)相連的山(shan)峰6座(zuo),最高峰標高603米(mi),由此向(xiang)東(dong)南伸出一山(shan)含,山(shan)含兩側皆為墓(mu)(mu)地(di),并有石室封土(tu)基(ji)80余座(zuo)。唐代渤(bo)海國(guo)(guo)前期王族(zu)墓(mu)(mu)地(di)為全國(guo)(guo)重點文(wen)物(wu)保護單(dan)位。1948年清(qing)理貞惠(hui)公主墓(mu)(mu),出土(tu)有陶器、玉(yu)區(qu)(qu)、勇金鋼飾件(jian)和墓(mu)(mu)碑。六(liu)頂(ding)(ding)山(shan)敖東(dong)城(cheng)遺址位于六(liu)頂(ding)(ding)山(shan)旅游(you)開發(fa)區(qu)(qu)的正覺(jue)寺,它座(zuo)落在(zai)敦化市(shi)(shi)(shi)內東(dong)南部,據(ju)認為敖東(dong)城(cheng)是渤(bo)海國(guo)(guo)早期都城(cheng),故有舊國(guo)(guo)之稱。敦化市(shi)(shi)(shi)屬(shu)中溫帶冷涼氣候(hou)區(qu)(qu),山(shan)區(qu)(qu)氣候(hou)特點明(ming)(ming)顯,四季(ji)分明(ming)(ming),春季(ji)干燥多(duo)風,夏季(ji)多(duo)雨(yu),秋季(ji)清(qing)爽,冬季(ji)寒冷,年平(ping)均氣溫2.9℃。
6、敦化敖東城遺址
敖東城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)位于敦化市區東南(nan)部(bu),南(nan)距牡丹江約500米,為吉林省(sheng)省(sheng)級文物保護單位。敖東城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)又(you)作忽汗城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、鄂多理城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、阿可克敦城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、俄朵里城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),是(shi)渤海國早(zao)期(qi)都城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),敖東城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)原貌(mao)全失,遺(yi)跡只有(you)252米長的外(wai)(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)墻殘段(duan)和190米長的外(wai)(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西墻殘段(duan)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣土(tu)筑,有(you)內、外(wai)(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)方(fang)形(xing),外(wai)(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)長方(fang)形(xing)。向西有(you)通往扶余府(今農安(an)一帶)的道(dao)路,向東有(you)連(lian)結東京城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的衢道(dao)。
7、小山度假區
小(xiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)度(du)假區(qu)在敦化(hua)市(shi)大山(shan)(shan)(shan)咀子(zi)鎮的東方(fang),有一(yi)個(ge)三(san)面(mian)環水的小(xiao)漁村(cun)名叫小(xiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)咀子(zi)村(cun)。村(cun)子(zi)依(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)傍水,西南是牡丹(dan)江,東面(mian)是雁鳴湖。近些年新建有度(du)假村(cun)等旅游(you)接待設施,常(chang)年接待各來(lai)客。小(xiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)咀子(zi)村(cun)風(feng)光秀麗,有南國水鄉的嫵媚,又具北方(fang)的豪放。游(you)人在這里可登山(shan)(shan)(shan),可垂釣,也(ye)可劃船,游(you)泳,還可坐船游(you)覽至毗鄰(lin)的著名風(feng)景區(qu)-鏡泊山(shan)(shan)(shan)莊。
8、老白山自然保護區
老白山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)處黃(huang)泥河(he)自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)核(he)心區(qu)(qu),該保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)屬森林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)態系統(tong)類型的(de)(de)自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu),占地(di)14122公頃,西北(bei)與黑龍江五常市交(jiao)界。老白山(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)東北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)張廣嶺的(de)(de)主峰,海拔高(gao)度為1696.2米,是(shi)東北(bei)第三高(gao)峰,高(gao)大的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)體、冷濕的(de)(de)氣候、茂密(mi)的(de)(de)森林(lin),奔騰(teng)的(de)(de)溪流和飛流的(de)(de)石(shi)瀑構成保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)獨(du)具特色的(de)(de)自然景觀(guan),其主要特點是(shi)植被垂直帶顯著、生(sheng)(sheng)物多(duo)樣性豐(feng)富(fu)、森林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)態系統(tong)完整、濕地(di)類型獨(du)特。
9、布庫里山森林公園
布庫里山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)位(wei)于江(jiang)(jiang)源鎮西10公里處,牡丹(dan)江(jiang)(jiang)北岸,屬十(shi)(shi)八道溝村。戴云(yun)(yun)峰海拔863米(mi),面(mian)積(ji)5平方(fang)(fang)公里左右,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)形狀呈圓(yuan)錐(zhui)形,如一(yi)頂圓(yuan)圓(yuan)的(de)帽(mao)子,當(dang)地(di)人(ren)也(ye)叫它“帽(mao)兒山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)”。布庫里山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)孤峰獨秀、植被繁(fan)茂,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上生長著(zhu)多種山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)野菜及人(ren)參(can)等珍貴(gui)藥(yao)材(cai)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂云(yun)(yun)霧繚繞,景色優美,還(huan)流傳著(zhu)許多優美的(de)傳說,使它更(geng)增添(tian)了幾韻(yun)致。布庫里山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上樹木參(can)天、枝葉繁(fan)茂,屬于闊葉林帶。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中有(you)一(yi)條小路,隨山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)勢時(shi)陡時(shi)緩(huan)。在(zai)半山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腰(yao)便函是(shi)天然石(shi)級路,一(yi)步(bu)一(yi)蹬、步(bu)步(bu)升(sheng)高,坡度都在(zai)四十(shi)(shi)五度以上。據當(dang)地(di)人(ren)說,路旁就能采(cai)到(dao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)參(can),每年都出土(tu)幾苗(miao)至幾十(shi)(shi)苗(miao)的(de)大山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)參(can)。實乃靈秀之山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)路兩(liang)邊立著(zhu)三塊高十(shi)(shi)幾米(mi)的(de)大石(shi)塊,這三塊石(shi)英(ying)鐘頭都有(you)很有(you)特點(dian)(dian)(dian),表面(mian)比較(jiao)平展。戴云(yun)(yun)峰頂是(shi)個二三百平方(fang)(fang)米(mi)的(de)平面(mian),正中有(you)一(yi)座(zuo)紅磚修筑的(de)森(sen)林防火(huo)(huo)了望(wang)塔(ta),防火(huo)(huo)期間塔(ta)中有(you)人(ren)值班。登塔(ta)遠亡命,群山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)皆在(zai)腳下,牡丹(dan)江(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)如一(yi)條飄然東去的(de)玉(yu)帶,點(dian)(dian)(dian)點(dian)(dian)(dian)村落花流水(shui)(shui),方(fang)(fang)方(fang)(fang)農田,晶(jing)瑩水(shui)(shui)庫,碧綠的(de)群山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)橫亙(gen)有(you)天邊。
10、北山森林體育公園
北(bei)(bei)山公園位于敦(dun)(dun)化市(shi)(shi)區東(dong)北(bei)(bei),小(xiao)石河北(bei)(bei)岸。與市(shi)(shi)區相(xiang)(xiang)接,集(ji)山水、林木于一(yi)體,東(dong)南隔市(shi)(shi)與牡丹江相(xiang)(xiang)呼(hu)應,公園內設(she)(she)有滑(hua)雪場(chang)、藝術(shu)宮等設(she)(she)施,是敦(dun)(dun)化市(shi)(shi)民的(de)一(yi)個(ge)主要休娛樂(le)和健身的(de)場(chang)所(suo),“北(bei)(bei)山公園”四個(ge)大字是原(yuan)全國人大副委(wei)員長(chang)-1999年來敦(dun)(dun)化時題(ti)寫,為(wei)行書,筆法凝練(lian)流暢,賞之悅目。
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