1、城山子山城
城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)山(shan)(shan)子山(shan)(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)位于(yu)吉林(lin)省延邊朝鮮族自治(zhi)州敦化市區西(xi)南(nan),坐落于(yu)牡(mu)丹江上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)游的(de)(de)支流大(da)石河南(nan)岸孤(gu)立的(de)(de)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子山(shan)(shan),因山(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)建(jian)有古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),因而得名(ming)。山(shan)(shan)頂四周(zhou)有土石混(hun)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)廟(miao),長(chang)(chang)約(yue)4.5公里,中部有宮殿址遺跡,出土許多(duo)東(dong)夏(xia)國(guo)文物,該(gai)山(shan)(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)金末(mo)時(shi)為東(dong)夏(xia)國(guo)南(nan)京址。山(shan)(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣呈不規(gui)則(ze)橢圓(yuan)形(xing),周(zhou)長(chang)(chang)約(yue)2000米。山(shan)(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隨(sui)著山(shan)(shan)巒的(de)(de)高(gao)低,蜿蜒起伏于(yu)山(shan)(shan)腰間。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻是(shi)土夾(jia)石筑(zhu)成的(de)(de),墻基寬度(du)5~7米,有的(de)(de)地方寬達(da)10米以上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻殘高(gao)1.5米~2.5米不等。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之平面(mian)呈東(dong)北(bei)低,西(xi)南(nan)高(gao),依據地勢,稍(shao)向(xiang)東(dong)北(bei)傾斜。北(bei)壁(bi)恰(qia)在(zai)臨水(shui)的(de)(de)懸崖(ya)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),因山(shan)(shan)崖(ya)陡峭,高(gao)達(da)40余米,所以,北(bei)墻較低。在(zai)北(bei)壁(bi)的(de)(de)西(xi)端,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻轉向(xiang)東(dong)南(nan),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)角構成銳角。經(jing)過(guo)不長(chang)(chang)一段(duan)后,有一城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men),這是(shi)西(xi)門(men)(men)(men)(men),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)開口(kou)4米,門(men)(men)(men)(men)西(xi)側的(de)(de)墻由外向(xiang)內分別彎卷成圓(yuan)勾形(xing),呈堡壘狀。由西(xi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)向(xiang)東(dong)南(nan),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻隨(sui)著很大(da)的(de)(de)一個山(shan)(shan)坡,逐漸(jian)抬高(gao),在(zai)這一段(duan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),由于(yu)山(shan)(shan)形(xing)外凸(tu),分別在(zai)不同距離上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),設(she)置了3個“馬面(mian)”,以便于(yu)瞭望和守衛(wei)。
2、六頂山古墓群 重點文物保護單位
六頂(ding)山古墓(mu)(mu)(mu)群(qun)位(wei)于(yu)吉林省(sheng)敦化縣城南5公里牡(mu)丹(dan)(dan)江右岸六頂(ding)山南坡的山坳中。六頂(ding)山古墓(mu)(mu)(mu)群(qun)是(shi)唐代(dai)渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)前期(qi)王(wang)(wang)族的塋地。渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)國是(shi)粟末靺鞨人(ren)-于(yu)698年,以牡(mu)丹(dan)(dan)江流域為中心建立的政權(quan),唐玄宗冊封(feng)-為“渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)郡(jun)王(wang)(wang)”,并在其統治的地區置忽汗(han)州(zhou),設忽汗(han)州(zhou)(渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai))都督府。渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)國和內地往(wang)來頻繁,典章制度多仿效唐王(wang)(wang)朝,社會經濟和文(wen)化都達(da)到了一定的水(shui)平,926年被契丹(dan)(dan)所滅(mie)。1949年延邊(bian)大(da)學(xue)、1959年吉林省(sheng)博物(wu)館、1964年中國科(ke)學(xue)院考(kao)古研究所先(xian)后對墓(mu)(mu)(mu)群(qun)進行(xing)(xing)了考(kao)古發掘。六頂(ding)山呈東西走向(xiang),由起伏(fu)毗(pi)連的六座(zuo)山頭(tou)組成(cheng),最高峰(feng)的海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)拔是(shi)603米(mi)(mi),由此向(xiang)東南伸出一個山岔,山岔的兩側都是(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)地,共(gong)有90多座(zuo)古墓(mu)(mu)(mu)。古墓(mu)(mu)(mu)分(fen)石(shi)室墓(mu)(mu)(mu)和石(shi)棺墓(mu)(mu)(mu)兩種。1949年在這(zhe)里清理的貞惠公主墓(mu)(mu)(mu),是(shi)渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)第三代(dai)王(wang)(wang)大(da)欽茂女兒(er)的墓(mu)(mu)(mu)地,墓(mu)(mu)(mu)0土有陶器、玉壁、鎏金銅飾(shi)件(jian)和墓(mu)(mu)(mu)碑等遺(yi)物(wu)。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)碑作圭形,高90厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)、寬49厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)、厚29厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi),碑文(wen)為漢字陰刻,楷書真字,共(gong)計21行(xing)(xing)。
3、敦化正覺寺
正覺寺(si)位于(yu)敦化市南郊,六(liu)頂山旅(lv)游風景區(qu)內,距(ju)市區(qu)4公(gong)里。為該寺(si)第三(san)(san)代傳(chuan)人(ren)旅(lv)美高(gao)僧,釋(shi)佛性大(da)(da)師于(yu)1993年恢復重建。總占地面積近9萬平方(fang)米(mi),是國內大(da)(da)型廟宇(yu)之(zhi)一,也是世(shi)(shi)界最大(da)(da)的(de)尼眾道場。寺(si)院分殿(dian)(dian)(dian)堂區(qu)、生活區(qu)、佛學院三(san)(san)個區(qu)。中軸線上山門殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、天(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、大(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、觀音互殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和藏經殿(dian)(dian)(dian)五座雙檐(yan)大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)隨山勢漸次升高(gao),鐘鼓(gu)樓與牌樓門相映照(zhao),青(qing)(qing)山綠水,白云(yun)藍(lan)天(tian),紅墻黃(huang)瓦,樓閣重疊,其中,大(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)建筑面積1200平方(fang)米(mi),高(gao)居(ju)于(yu)飾(shi)有(you)九(jiu)龍(long)墨(mo)石雕(diao)御道的(de)三(san)(san)層(ceng)圍欄(lan)月(yue)臺之(zhi)上。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內高(gao)12.5米(mi)的(de)三(san)(san)尊樟(zhang)木(mu)大(da)(da)佛,以及(ji)釋(shi)迦牟尼成道景德鎮的(de)陶瓷壁(bi)面,八根(gen)漢白玉盤(pan)龍(long)柱,云(yun)南劍川青(qing)(qing)皮木(mu)雕(diao)隔(ge)扇門,華(hua)貴的(de)藻(zao)井均(jun)屬(shu)屆宇(yu)建筑之(zhi)精品。六(liu)角六(liu)亭的(de)觀音殿(dian)(dian)(dian)更別具特色。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)中用(yong)6.6公(gong)斤(jin)純金貼(tie)面的(de)六(liu)面體六(liu)千只(zhi)手(shou)眼觀音圣像,是世(shi)(shi)界上獨一無(wu)二的(de)藝術(shu)杰作。精美的(de)石雕(diao)、木(mu)雕(diao)、彩繪與趙樸(pu)初等名家墨(mo)跡都為寺(si)院增(zeng)添了光彩。別墅式小洋樓與大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)區(qu)傳(chuan)統的(de)中式建筑相互照(zhao)應(ying)。
4、敦化黃泥河
該保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)位于吉(ji)林(lin)(lin)(lin)省延邊朝鮮(xian)族自治州敦化(hua)市(shi)境內(nei)的北(bei)部(bu)(bu)。北(bei)部(bu)(bu)與(yu)(yu)黑(hei)龍江省三合屯林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)局接(jie)壤(rang)(rang),西(xi)部(bu)(bu)與(yu)(yu)蛟河市(shi)接(jie)壤(rang)(rang)。區(qu)內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)4個林(lin)(lin)(lin)場。區(qu)內(nei)自然資源(yuan)以國有(you)(you)(you)(you)森(sen)(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主,交通條件較差(cha),僅有(you)(you)(you)(you)團北(bei)及小白(bai)兩條森(sen)(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)鐵路與(yu)(yu)外(wai)界(jie)相通,沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)公路。保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)位于吉(ji)林(lin)(lin)(lin)省準褶皺帶,為(wei)(wei)(wei)地殼運動隆(long)起而產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的中山(shan)地貌(mao)。居中溫帶濕(shi)潤氣候(hou)區(qu)中的冷涼區(qu),區(qu)內(nei)氣候(hou)垂直分(fen)布(bu),差(cha)異明顯,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)垂直分(fen)布(bu)與(yu)(yu)森(sen)(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)植(zhi)被為(wei)(wei)(wei)相互依存(cun)(cun)關(guan)系。海(hai)拔500~800米為(wei)(wei)(wei)臺地白(bai)漿土(tu)和(he)白(bai)漿化(hua)暗棕(zong)色森(sen)(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)土(tu),氣候(hou)和(he)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)適宜針闊混交林(lin)(lin)(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)。海(hai)拔1300米以上為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)地苔原土(tu)和(he)棕(zong)色針葉土(tu)。風大、霧大、降雨量大,特殊(shu)的地質(zhi)、地貌(mao),使(shi)極地植(zhi)物(wu)和(he)西(xi)伯(bo)利亞植(zhi)物(wu)能夠(gou)保(bao)存(cun)(cun)下(xia)來,如(ru)偃松(song)、牛皮杜鵑(juan)、篤斯樾桔、灰毛柳(liu)、紅景天(tian)、岳樺、高山(shan)檜(gui)等。保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)總面積為(wei)(wei)(wei)23476公頃(qing),其中有(you)(you)(you)(you)林(lin)(lin)(lin)地面積為(wei)(wei)(wei)22631公頃(qing),森(sen)(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)覆蓋率為(wei)(wei)(wei)96.4%。區(qu)內(nei)森(sen)(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)面積大,林(lin)(lin)(lin)相保(bao)存(cun)(cun)完好,原生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性強,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)資源(yuan)豐富,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)物(wu)種有(you)(you)(you)(you)1590種。
5、敦化六頂山
六頂(ding)山(shan)風(feng)景區(qu)位(wei)于敦(dun)化(hua)市(shi)區(qu)南5公里處(chu),屬于聞名中外的長白山(shan)脈丘陵地(di)(di)帶(dai),依山(shan)傍水,群峰環繞。南部(bu)有(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)家級文(wen)物保(bao)護(hu)單位(wei)-渤(bo)海國(guo)(guo)古(gu)墓群,北部(bu)有(you)(you)牡丹江(jiang)環繞而過,東(dong)部(bu)有(you)(you)東(dong)北亞地(di)(di)區(qu)最(zui)大(da)的佛教(jiao)尼(ni)眾寺院-正覺(jue)寺。六頂(ding)山(shan)東(dong)西走向(xiang),有(you)(you)起伏(fu)相連(lian)的山(shan)峰6座(zuo)(zuo),最(zui)高(gao)峰標高(gao)603米,由此向(xiang)東(dong)南伸出一山(shan)含,山(shan)含兩(liang)側皆為墓地(di)(di),并有(you)(you)石(shi)室(shi)封土(tu)基80余(yu)座(zuo)(zuo)。唐代渤(bo)海國(guo)(guo)前期(qi)王族墓地(di)(di)為全國(guo)(guo)重(zhong)點(dian)文(wen)物保(bao)護(hu)單位(wei)。1948年(nian)清理貞惠公主墓,出土(tu)有(you)(you)陶器、玉(yu)區(qu)、勇(yong)金鋼飾(shi)件和墓碑。六頂(ding)山(shan)敖東(dong)城遺址位(wei)于六頂(ding)山(shan)旅游開發區(qu)的正覺(jue)寺,它座(zuo)(zuo)落(luo)在敦(dun)化(hua)市(shi)內東(dong)南部(bu),據認為敖東(dong)城是(shi)渤(bo)海國(guo)(guo)早期(qi)都城,故(gu)有(you)(you)舊國(guo)(guo)之稱。敦(dun)化(hua)市(shi)屬中溫(wen)帶(dai)冷涼氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候區(qu),山(shan)區(qu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候特點(dian)明(ming)顯,四季分明(ming),春季干燥多風(feng),夏(xia)季多雨,秋季清爽,冬季寒冷,年(nian)平均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)2.9℃。
6、敦化敖東城遺址
敖(ao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)位于敦化市區東(dong)(dong)(dong)南部,南距(ju)牡丹江約500米(mi),為吉林省省級文(wen)物(wu)保(bao)護單位。敖(ao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)又作忽(hu)汗城(cheng)(cheng)、鄂多理城(cheng)(cheng)、阿可克敦城(cheng)(cheng)、俄朵里城(cheng)(cheng),是渤海國早期都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng),敖(ao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)原貌全失(shi),遺跡只有(you)252米(mi)長(chang)的(de)(de)外城(cheng)(cheng)南墻殘段和190米(mi)長(chang)的(de)(de)外城(cheng)(cheng)西墻殘段。城(cheng)(cheng)垣土筑,有(you)內(nei)、外城(cheng)(cheng)。內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)方形,外城(cheng)(cheng)長(chang)方形。向(xiang)西有(you)通往扶余府(今農安一帶(dai))的(de)(de)道路,向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)連(lian)結(jie)東(dong)(dong)(dong)京城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)衢道。
7、小山度假區
小山(shan)(shan)度假區(qu)在敦化市大山(shan)(shan)咀子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮的(de)東方,有(you)一(yi)個(ge)三面環(huan)水的(de)小漁村(cun)名叫(jiao)小山(shan)(shan)咀子(zi)(zi)(zi)村(cun)。村(cun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)依山(shan)(shan)傍水,西南(nan)是牡丹(dan)江,東面是雁鳴湖。近些年新建有(you)度假村(cun)等旅游(you)接待(dai)設(she)施,常年接待(dai)各來客。小山(shan)(shan)咀子(zi)(zi)(zi)村(cun)風光秀麗,有(you)南(nan)國水鄉的(de)嫵媚,又具北方的(de)豪放(fang)。游(you)人在這(zhe)里可(ke)登山(shan)(shan),可(ke)垂(chui)釣,也可(ke)劃船,游(you)泳,還可(ke)坐船游(you)覽至(zhi)毗鄰的(de)著名風景區(qu)-鏡泊(bo)山(shan)(shan)莊(zhuang)。
8、老白山自然保護區
老白山(shan)地處黃泥河自然保(bao)護區的(de)核(he)心區,該保(bao)護區屬森(sen)林(lin)生(sheng)態系(xi)統類型的(de)自然保(bao)護區,占地14122公頃,西(xi)北(bei)與黑龍江五常(chang)市交界。老白山(shan)是(shi)東北(bei)地區張廣嶺的(de)主峰(feng),海(hai)拔高度為(wei)1696.2米(mi),是(shi)東北(bei)第三高峰(feng),高大的(de)山(shan)體、冷濕的(de)氣(qi)候、茂(mao)密的(de)森(sen)林(lin),奔(ben)騰的(de)溪流(liu)和飛流(liu)的(de)石瀑(pu)構成保(bao)護區獨具特色的(de)自然景觀,其主要(yao)特點(dian)是(shi)植被(bei)垂直帶顯(xian)著、生(sheng)物多樣(yang)性豐富、森(sen)林(lin)生(sheng)態系(xi)統完整、濕地類型獨特。
9、布庫里山森林公園
布庫(ku)里(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)位于(yu)江(jiang)源鎮西10公里(li)處,牡丹江(jiang)北岸,屬(shu)十(shi)八道溝村。戴云峰(feng)海拔(ba)863米(mi),面積5平方(fang)公里(li)左右,山(shan)(shan)(shan)的形(xing)狀呈圓(yuan)錐形(xing),如(ru)(ru)一(yi)(yi)(yi)頂圓(yuan)圓(yuan)的帽子,當(dang)地(di)人也叫(jiao)它(ta)“帽兒(er)山(shan)(shan)(shan)”。布庫(ku)里(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)孤峰(feng)獨秀、植被繁茂(mao),山(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang)生長(chang)著多種山(shan)(shan)(shan)野菜及人參等(deng)珍貴藥材。山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂云霧繚繞,景色優美,還流(liu)傳著許多優美的傳說,使它(ta)更(geng)增添了幾韻(yun)致。布庫(ku)里(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang)樹木(mu)參天(tian)(tian)、枝葉繁茂(mao),屬(shu)于(yu)闊葉林帶。山(shan)(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)小路,隨山(shan)(shan)(shan)勢(shi)時陡(dou)時緩。在(zai)半(ban)山(shan)(shan)(shan)腰便函(han)是天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)石級路,一(yi)(yi)(yi)步一(yi)(yi)(yi)蹬、步步升高(gao),坡度(du)(du)都(dou)(dou)在(zai)四十(shi)五度(du)(du)以上(shang)(shang)。據當(dang)地(di)人說,路旁(pang)就能采(cai)到山(shan)(shan)(shan)參,每(mei)年都(dou)(dou)出土幾苗至(zhi)幾十(shi)苗的大山(shan)(shan)(shan)參。實乃靈秀之山(shan)(shan)(shan)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)路兩邊(bian)立(li)著三塊(kuai)高(gao)十(shi)幾米(mi)的大石塊(kuai),這三塊(kuai)石英鐘頭(tou)都(dou)(dou)有(you)(you)很有(you)(you)特點,表面比(bi)較平展。戴云峰(feng)頂是個(ge)二三百(bai)平方(fang)米(mi)的平面,正中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座紅磚修筑的森林防火(huo)了望塔,防火(huo)期間(jian)塔中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)人值班(ban)。登塔遠亡命(ming),群山(shan)(shan)(shan)皆在(zai)腳下,牡丹江(jiang)水(shui)如(ru)(ru)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)飄然(ran)(ran)東去的玉帶,點點村落花(hua)流(liu)水(shui),方(fang)方(fang)農田,晶瑩水(shui)庫(ku),碧綠的群山(shan)(shan)(shan)橫亙有(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)邊(bian)。
10、北山森林體育公園
北山(shan)公園位于(yu)敦化市(shi)區東(dong)北,小石河北岸。與(yu)市(shi)區相(xiang)接,集山(shan)水、林木于(yu)一體,東(dong)南(nan)隔市(shi)與(yu)牡(mu)丹江相(xiang)呼應,公園內設(she)有滑(hua)雪場、藝(yi)術(shu)宮等(deng)設(she)施,是敦化市(shi)民(min)的一個(ge)主(zhu)要休娛(yu)樂和健身的場所(suo),“北山(shan)公園”四個(ge)大字(zi)是原全國人大副委員長-1999年(nian)來敦化時題寫,為行書,筆法凝練流暢(chang),賞之(zhi)悅目。
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