西(xi)(xi)寧(ning)屬于高(gao)原(yuan)大陸性氣(qi)候,受高(gao)海(hai)拔影響,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)較低(di),晝夜溫(wen)差大,夏季(ji)(ji)短,冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)漫(man)長(chang)(chang)。根(gen)據中國(guo)(guo)氣(qi)象(xiang)局(ju)數據,西(xi)(xi)寧(ning)1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)平均(jun)時長(chang)(chang)為(wei)209天,超過哈爾濱,是中國(guo)(guo)冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)最長(chang)(chang)的省(sheng)會(hui)(hui)城市(shi)(shi)。據中國(guo)(guo)氣(qi)象(xiang)局(ju)數據顯示,西(xi)(xi)寧(ning)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)入冬(dong)時間(jian)基本上(shang)為(wei)10月初,1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)西(xi)(xi)寧(ning)平均(jun)入冬(dong)時間(jian)為(wei)10月2日。而(er)通過2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的氣(qi)象(xiang)數據分析(xi),西(xi)(xi)寧(ning)最早(zao)入冬(dong)時間(jian)為(wei)10月2日,最遲入冬(dong)時間(jian)為(wei)10月6日。當(dang)全國(guo)(guo)大部時間(jian)進入賞秋(qiu)最佳(jia)時間(jian)的時候,西(xi)(xi)寧(ning)已經開始進入冬(dong)季(ji)(ji),比(bi)東北(bei)的哈爾濱市(shi)(shi)還早(zao),是中國(guo)(guo)入冬(dong)時間(jian)最早(zao)的省(sheng)會(hui)(hui)城市(shi)(shi)。
哈爾(er)濱地處(chu)我國最(zui)(zui)冷(leng)的(de)(de)東北(bei)地區、黑龍江北(bei)部(bu),是我國緯度(du)最(zui)(zui)高的(de)(de)省會(hui)城市,四(si)季分明(ming),冬(dong)季漫長(chang)而寒冷(leng),被稱(cheng)為(wei)“冰(bing)城”。每(mei)年(nian)從9月(yue)份開(kai)始,黑龍江北(bei)部(bu)就早(zao)早(zao)進入(ru)了氣(qi)象學意義上的(de)(de)冬(dong)季。而從氣(qi)候數據來看,哈爾(er)濱每(mei)年(nian)入(ru)冬(dong)時間在10月(yue)份。據中國氣(qi)象局數據,1981年(nian)至2010年(nian),哈爾(er)濱平均(jun)入(ru)冬(dong)日期為(wei)10月(yue)6日,每(mei)年(nian)冬(dong)季平均(jun)時長(chang)為(wei)204天,是東北(bei)地區入(ru)冬(dong)最(zui)(zui)早(zao)、冬(dong)季最(zui)(zui)長(chang)的(de)(de)省會(hui)城市。
拉薩,西(xi)藏自治區首府,氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)屬高原溫(wen)帶(dai)半(ban)干(gan)旱季(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)區,素有(you)“日(ri)(ri)光城”的美譽,冬(dong)季(ji)時間長,夏季(ji)短。拉薩常年(nian)(nian)入冬(dong)時間為(wei)10月中旬左(zuo)右,據中國(guo)氣(qi)(qi)象局數據,1981年(nian)(nian)至(zhi)2010年(nian)(nian),拉薩平均入冬(dong)日(ri)(ri)期(qi)為(wei)10月16日(ri)(ri),每年(nian)(nian)冬(dong)季(ji)平均時長為(wei)204天(tian),是中國(guo)西(xi)部地區冬(dong)季(ji)最(zui)長的城市。
長(chang)春(chun),吉(ji)林省(sheng)省(sheng)會城市,氣候(hou)屬于(yu)大(da)(da)陸(lu)性(xing)半干燥、半濕潤季風氣候(hou),冬(dong)季寒(han)冷而漫長(chang),歷(li)史上(shang)極(ji)端最低溫曾達到(dao)過-39℃,形成冬(dong)季“三寒(han)四溫”的(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)氣特征。根據(ju)(ju)(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)國氣象局1981-2010年(nian)氣象數據(ju)(ju)(ju)統計,長(chang)春(chun)的(de)平均(jun)入(ru)冬(dong)時間為10月(yue)14日(ri)(立冬(dong)節氣前入(ru)冬(dong)),每年(nian)冬(dong)季平均(jun)時長(chang)為194天(tian)(tian)(tian),占到(dao)了全年(nian)的(de)一半以上(shang),也是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國十大(da)(da)冬(dong)季最長(chang)的(de)省(sheng)會城市之一。又據(ju)(ju)(ju)吉(ji)林省(sheng)氣象臺數據(ju)(ju)(ju),2021年(nian)長(chang)春(chun)于(yu)10月(yue)15日(ri)入(ru)冬(dong),2021年(nian)冬(dong)季日(ri)數達184天(tian)(tian)(tian),占了全年(nian)一半。
呼和浩(hao)特(te),內蒙古自治區首府(fu),屬中(zhong)(zhong)溫(wen)帶大陸性季(ji)(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候,四季(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)候變(bian)化明顯,差異較大,其特(te)點:冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)漫長嚴(yan)寒,夏季(ji)(ji)短暫炎熱,春秋兩季(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)候變(bian)化劇烈(lie)。呼和浩(hao)特(te)常年(nian)(nian)入(ru)(ru)冬(dong)(dong)時(shi)(shi)間為10月(yue)上中(zhong)(zhong)旬左右,冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)長約六(liu)個月(yue)。據中(zhong)(zhong)國氣(qi)(qi)象(xiang)(xiang)局(ju)1981-2010年(nian)(nian)氣(qi)(qi)象(xiang)(xiang)數據統(tong)計,呼和浩(hao)特(te)平(ping)均(jun)入(ru)(ru)冬(dong)(dong)時(shi)(shi)間為10月(yue)11日,30年(nian)(nian)來每年(nian)(nian)冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)平(ping)均(jun)時(shi)(shi)長為189天(tian)。隨(sui)著全球氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)升溫(wen),我(wo)國冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)長也(ye)會減少,而據中(zhong)(zhong)央氣(qi)(qi)象(xiang)(xiang)臺公布了(le)2010年(nian)(nian)至2020年(nian)(nian)部分(fen)城市冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)長數據,呼和浩(hao)特(te)冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)平(ping)均(jun)時(shi)(shi)長為146天(tian)。
烏(wu)魯(lu)木齊(qi),新疆維(wei)吾爾(er)自治區首府,是世界上離海洋最遠的城市,屬中溫(wen)帶大陸性干(gan)旱氣(qi)(qi)候,冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)來得早,春(chun)天來得遲,冬(dong)(dong)天每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)從(cong)11月初到次(ci)年(nian)(nian)(nian)4月初,超過150天。據中國氣(qi)(qi)象局1981-2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)氣(qi)(qi)象數(shu)(shu)據統計,烏(wu)魯(lu)木齊(qi)平均入冬(dong)(dong)時(shi)間(jian)為(wei)10月11日(ri),而2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)入冬(dong)(dong)時(shi)間(jian)為(wei)10月2日(ri),較常年(nian)(nian)(nian)提前9天,是西北(bei)地區入冬(dong)(dong)時(shi)間(jian)最早的城市之(zhi)一(yi)。此外,據中國氣(qi)(qi)象局數(shu)(shu)據,1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)至2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)的30年(nian)(nian)(nian)來,烏(wu)魯(lu)木齊(qi)每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)平均時(shi)長(chang)為(wei)186天。
沈(shen)陽(yang),遼寧省(sheng)省(sheng)會城市,地(di)處東北地(di)區(qu),冬季(ji)比較漫(man)長,從10月中(zhong)下旬開(kai)始一直到次年的(de)3月中(zhong)下旬左右。據往常氣象數據,沈(shen)陽(yang)每年入(ru)冬時(shi)間在(zai)10月中(zhong)下旬左右。據中(zhong)國(guo)氣象局1981-2010年氣象數據統計,沈(shen)陽(yang)平(ping)均入(ru)冬時(shi)間為(wei)10月17日,30年來每年冬季(ji)平(ping)均時(shi)長為(wei)181天。
銀(yin)川,寧夏(xia)回族自治區(qu)首(shou)府,深(shen)居(ju)西(xi)北內陸高原,屬中溫帶(dai)干旱(han)氣(qi)候區(qu),冬(dong)(dong)寒(han)漫(man)長(chang)(chang)(chang)但(dan)不奇冷,冬(dong)(dong)季常年入(ru)冬(dong)(dong)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)10月(yue)中下旬(xun)左(zuo)右。據中國氣(qi)象局(ju)1981-2010年氣(qi)象數據統(tong)計(ji),銀(yin)川平均入(ru)冬(dong)(dong)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)10月(yue)18日,每年冬(dong)(dong)季平均時(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)為(wei)171天(tian)。而由于(yu)近10年來全(quan)球氣(qi)候變暖,我國冬(dong)(dong)季時(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)減少,據中央氣(qi)象臺公布了2010年至2020年部分城市冬(dong)(dong)季時(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)數據,銀(yin)川平均入(ru)冬(dong)(dong)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)10月(yue)18日,冬(dong)(dong)季平均時(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)為(wei)161天(tian)。
蘭(lan)州(zhou)(zhou)地處青藏高原向(xiang)黃土高原過渡地帶(dai)(dai),甘肅省省會城市(shi),屬溫帶(dai)(dai)大陸性氣候,夏無(wu)酷暑,冬(dong)無(wu)嚴(yan)寒,冬(dong)季漫(man)長,常年(nian)入冬(dong)時間為(wei)10月中(zhong)下旬左右。據中(zhong)國氣象局1981-2010年(nian)氣象數據統計,蘭(lan)州(zhou)(zhou)平均入冬(dong)時間為(wei)10月19日,每年(nian)冬(dong)季平均時長為(wei)168天。
太原,山西省省會(hui)城(cheng)市(shi),屬北(bei)溫(wen)帶大陸性氣(qi)(qi)候,氣(qi)(qi)候特(te)點是:冬季(ji)干(gan)冷漫長(chang),夏季(ji)濕熱多雨,春(chun)季(ji)升溫(wen)急(ji)劇,秋季(ji)降溫(wen)迅(xun)速,春(chun)秋兩(liang)季(ji)短暫多風,干(gan)濕季(ji)節分明(ming),常(chang)年(nian)入冬時間為10月(yue)下旬左右(you)。據(ju)中國(guo)氣(qi)(qi)象(xiang)局1981-2010年(nian)氣(qi)(qi)象(xiang)數據(ju)統計,太原平均入冬時間為10月(yue)21日(ri),每年(nian)冬季(ji)平均時長(chang)為166天,也是中國(guo)十大冬季(ji)最(zui)長(chang)的省會(hui)城(cheng)市(shi)之(zhi)一(yi)。
全國其他大城市入冬時長:天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)津(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)154天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、北京(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)151天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、石家莊(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)142) 、西(xi)安(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)140天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、濟南(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)138天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、鄭州(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)137天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、南京(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)128天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、合肥(fei) (冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)120天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、上海(hai)(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)119天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、貴陽(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)104天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、杭州(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)103天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、武漢(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)103天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、長沙(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)98天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、成都(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)97天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、南昌(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)91天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、昆明(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)70天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 、重(zhong)慶(冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)63天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)) 。
注1:中(zhong)國十大冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)最(zui)長的(de)(de)(de)省(sheng)會城市排行榜,是(shi)MAIgoo小編根(gen)據中(zhong)國23個省(sheng)省(sheng)會城市和(he)5個自治區首府冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)平(ping)均(jun)時(shi)長,參考(kao)中(zhong)國氣象(xiang)局(ju)發(fa)(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)1981年(nian)至(zhi)2010年(nian)冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)平(ping)均(jun)時(shi)長、平(ping)均(jun)入冬(dong)(dong)時(shi)間(jian)數(shu)據及中(zhong)國氣象(xiang)局(ju)發(fa)(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)部分城市冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)時(shi)長數(shu)據整理而成。排名以中(zhong)國氣象(xiang)局(ju)1981年(nian)至(zhi)2010年(nian)冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)平(ping)均(jun)時(shi)長為(wei)標準,僅(jin)供參考(kao)。
注2:本文入冬時間采用中國氣(qi)象業務上的“滑標(biao)”和(he)“簡標(biao)”,即連(lian)續(xu)5日滑動平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫低于(yu)10℃即達到入冬標(biao)準。2010-2021年10余(yu)年來,由(you)于(yu)部分省會城(cheng)市冬季時長數據缺失,所以暫不納入統計(ji)范圍。