太陽能電池的選擇方法
1、我們選購(gou)太(tai)陽(yang)能電池(chi)(chi)(chi)時(shi),關注的重點就是太(tai)陽(yang)能電池(chi)(chi)(chi)片(pian)(pian)的功率。一般來說,太(tai)陽(yang)能電池(chi)(chi)(chi)板(ban)的功率跟太(tai)陽(yang)能晶片(pian)(pian)的面積成正比。太(tai)陽(yang)能電池(chi)(chi)(chi)晶片(pian)(pian)的面積不完全等(deng)同(tong)于(yu)太(tai)陽(yang)能封裝面板(ban)的面積,因為有(you)的太(tai)陽(yang)能面板(ban)雖然大,單太(tai)陽(yang)能晶片(pian)(pian)排列的縫隙很(hen)寬,這樣的太(tai)陽(yang)能面板(ban)功率不一定高。
2、一般(ban)來說,太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)面(mian)板(ban)的(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)是越大越好(hao),這樣在(zai)(zai)陽(yang)(yang)光下(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大,能(neng)很快將(jiang)其內(nei)置電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)滿。但在(zai)(zai)現(xian)實中,需要太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)面(mian)板(ban)的(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)和太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)便攜性中找一個(ge)平衡點。通常認為太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)最(zui)小不能(neng)低(di)于(yu)0.75w,次(ci)功(gong)率(lv)的(de)(de)太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)板(ban)在(zai)(zai)標準(zhun)強光下(xia)(xia)有140mA的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生。在(zai)(zai)一般(ban)陽(yang)(yang)光下(xia)(xia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)在(zai)(zai)100mA左右,如果(guo)低(di)于(yu)次(ci)功(gong)率(lv)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)過小,基本上(shang)不會(hui)有明(ming)顯效果(guo)。
太陽能電池(chi)選(xuan)擇技巧
1、太陽能電池蓄電池容量的選擇
由于太陽(yang)能(neng)光伏發電(dian)系(xi)統的輸入能(neng)量極(ji)不穩(wen)定,所以一般需要(yao)配(pei)置(zhi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池系(xi)統才(cai)能(neng)工作,太陽(yang)能(neng)燈具也不例外,必須配(pei)置(zhi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池才(cai)能(neng)工作。一般有鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)電(dian)池、Ni-Cd蓄(xu)電(dian)池、Ni-H蓄(xu)電(dian)池,它們的容量選擇直接(jie)影響系(xi)統的可(ke)靠(kao)性以及系(xi)統價格。
蓄電池容量(liang)的(de)選擇一般(ban)要(yao)遵循以(yi)下(xia)原(yuan)則:首先在能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)滿足(zu)夜晚照明的(de)前提下(xia),把(ba)白(bai)天太陽能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池組件(jian)的(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)盡量(liang)存(cun)儲下(xia)來,同(tong)(tong)時還要(yao)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)存(cun)儲滿足(zu)連續陰雨(yu)天夜晚照明需(xu)(xu)要(yao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)。蓄電(dian)(dian)池容量(liang)過小不能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)滿足(zu)夜晚照明的(de)需(xu)(xu)要(yao),蓄電(dian)(dian)池容量(liang)過大(da),一方面蓄電(dian)(dian)池始(shi)終處在虧電(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態,影響(xiang)蓄電(dian)(dian)池壽命,同(tong)(tong)時造(zao)成浪費。
2、太陽能電池封裝形式的選擇
目(mu)前太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)封(feng)裝(zhuang)形(xing)式主要(yao)有2種,層(ceng)壓和滴(di)膠(jiao)。層(ceng)壓工(gong)藝可以保證太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)電(dian)池(chi)工(gong)作(zuo)壽(shou)(shou)命25年以上,滴(di)膠(jiao)雖然當時美(mei)觀,但(dan)是太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)電(dian)池(chi)工(gong)作(zuo)壽(shou)(shou)命僅僅1~2年。因此,1W以下(xia)的(de)(de)小(xiao)功率太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)草(cao)坪燈在沒有過(guo)高壽(shou)(shou)命要(yao)求的(de)(de)情(qing)況下(xia),可以使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)滴(di)膠(jiao)封(feng)裝(zhuang)形(xing)式,對(dui)于使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)年限有規定的(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)燈,建議使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)層(ceng)壓的(de)(de)封(feng)裝(zhuang)形(xing)式。另外,有一種硅(gui)凝膠(jiao)用(yong)于滴(di)膠(jiao)封(feng)裝(zhuang)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)電(dian)池(chi),據說工(gong)作(zuo)壽(shou)(shou)命可以達到10年。
3、太陽能電池功率的選擇
我們所說的太陽能電池輸(shu)(shu)出功(gong)率Wp是(shi)標(biao)準太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)光照(zhao)(zhao)條件下(xia)(xia),即(ji):歐洲委員(yuan)會定(ding)義(yi)的(de)(de)101標(biao)準,輻射強度1000W/m2,大氣質量AM1.5,電(dian)池(chi)溫度25℃條件下(xia)(xia),太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出功(gong)率。這個(ge)條件大約和(he)平時晴天中(zhong)午前后(hou)的(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)光照(zhao)(zhao)條件差不多(duo),(在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)長江下(xia)(xia)游地(di)區只(zhi)能(neng)接近這個(ge)數值(zhi))這并不像有些人想象的(de)(de)那(nei)樣,只(zhi)要(yao)有陽(yang)光就會有額(e)定(ding)輸(shu)(shu)出功(gong)率,甚(shen)至認為(wei)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)夜晚(wan)日光燈下(xia)(xia)也(ye)可以(yi)正常使用。這就是(shi)說,太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出功(gong)率是(shi)隨機的(de)(de),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)不同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)時間(jian),不同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)地(di)點,同(tong)(tong)樣一(yi)塊太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出功(gong)率是(shi)不同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)美(mei)觀和(he)節能(neng)兩者之間(jian),大多(duo)數都選(xuan)擇節能(neng)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)長江下(xia)(xia)游太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)最理想傾斜(xie)角度是(shi)40度左右,方(fang)向(xiang)為(wei)正南方(fang)。
申明:以上內容源于程序系統索引或網民分享提供,僅供您參考使用,不代表本網站的研究觀點,請注意甄別內容來源的真實性和權威性。