濂溪先生
周敦(dun)頤(yi),宋朝道(dao)州營道(dao)(現今湖南道(dao)縣)人,著(zhu)名(ming)哲(zhe)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)家,謚號(hao)元公(謚號(hao),死(si)后(hou)所給(gei)的(de)稱(cheng)(cheng)號(hao)),號(hao)“濂溪”,世稱(cheng)(cheng)“濂溪先生(sheng)”。理(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)派開(kai)山鼻(bi)祖。周敦(dun)頤(yi)著(zhu)有(you)《周子全書(shu)》行(xing)世。周敦(dun)頤(yi)曾在蓮花(hua)峰(feng)下開(kai)設濂溪書(shu)院(yuan),世稱(cheng)(cheng)濂溪先生(sheng),濂溪書(shu)院(yuan)是(shi)他講學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)講壇(tan),他的(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)說對以后(hou)理(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)發展有(you)很(hen)大的(de)影(ying)響。周敦(dun)頤(yi)是(shi)把(ba)世界本源當做哲(zhe)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)問題進行(xing)系統討(tao)論的(de)肇始(shi)者。
書院介紹
基本信息
九江濂溪(xi)(xi)書院,始稱濂溪(xi)(xi)書堂,亦稱濂溪(xi)(xi)祠(ci)。宋(song)嘉祐六年(1061年),周(zhou)敦(dun)頤(yi)“遷國(guo)子博(bo)士,通(tong)判虔州(zhou)(今贛州(zhou)市),道(dao)出江州(zhou),愛廬山之勝,有卜居(ju)之志,因筑(zhu)書堂于(yu)其(qi)麓。堂前有溪(xi)(xi),發源于(yu)蓮花峰下,潔清紺寒,下合于(yu)湓(pen)江,先生濯纓而樂(le)之,遂(sui)寓名(ming)以濂溪(xi)(xi)。”濂溪(xi)(xi)本是周(zhou)敦(dun)頤(yi)故(gu)里之名(ming),周(zhou)敦(dun)頤(yi)遠離故(gu)鄉,在(zai)外地(di)(di)長期為官,一來因為清廉(lian)而貧不(bu)能返(fan)鄉,二來喜愛廬山之美(mei),結屋于(yu)此(ci),取名(ming)“濂溪(xi)(xi)書堂”,表示僑寓此(ci)地(di)(di),鄉關在(zai)目之意。該書院歷代屢有興建,數易其(qi)址(zhi),稱謂亦有變更。
汝城(cheng)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan),汝城(cheng)縣濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)始建于(yu)宋(song)寧宗嘉定(ding)十(shi)三年(nian),是(shi)(shi)汝城(cheng)人民為紀(ji)念周敦頤(yi)而(er)建的,距今已有785年(nian)歷(li)史(shi),被(bei)列為省(sheng)級文物保(bao)(bao)護單位(wei)。濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)為仿宋(song)建筑(zhu),四合院(yuan)磚木回廊結構,建筑(zhu)面積1618平(ping)方米(mi)。自創(chuang)辦以(yi)來,書(shu)院(yuan)人文蔚起(qi),聲名遠播(bo),濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)遺韻(yun)歷(li)久彌光(guang),歷(li)代(dai)名師在此傳道授業(ye),一(yi)大批經天緯地(di)之才(cai)脫穎(ying)而(er)出。明代(dai)兩廣(guang)總督、太子太保(bao)(bao)朱(zhu)英,江西、福建布政(zheng)使范輅,清(qing)代(dai)著名詩人郭遠,當代(dai)中國人民解(jie)放(fang)軍上將朱(zhu)良才(cai)、李(li)濤,原中國作家(jia)協會黨組副書(shu)記朱(zhu)子奇等均(jun)在此求學立志,邁向輝煌人生(sheng)。汝城(cheng)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)是(shi)(shi)為紀(ji)念北宋(song)理學鼻祖周敦頤(yi)而(er)興建的紀(ji)念性建筑(zhu),是(shi)(shi)省(sheng)級文物保(bao)(bao)護單位(wei)、市級愛(ai)國主義教育基地(di),是(shi)(shi)傳播(bo)宋(song)明理學的文化寶地(di)。
稱謂和校址
據清(qing)(qing)(qing)同治(zhi)十一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(1873年(nian)(nian))《德化縣志·書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)志》記載,九江(jiang)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)先(xian)后(hou)(hou)有四個稱謂、四處校址:一(yi)曰濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),即早期(qi)的濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)堂(tang),周敦(dun)頤逝世后(hou)(hou)改(gai)為(wei)(wei)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)祠,位于九江(jiang)市治(zhi)之南十五里處蓮花峰下(今廬山區十里鄉)。二曰濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)港(gang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),在書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)堂(tang)左(zuo)大筑(zhu)學(xue)舍二十六楹(一(yi)列房屋稱一(yi)楹),可見規模之盛,后(hou)(hou)毀,明正統、嘉(jia)靖、清(qing)(qing)(qing)康熙、乾隆時先(xian)后(hou)(hou)重(zhong)修。明清(qing)(qing)(qing)時期(qi)又在潯陽(yang)城內建過兩所(suo)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),一(yi)曰豐(feng)儲坊(fang)濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),為(wei)(wei)明嘉(jia)靖年(nian)(nian)間兵(bing)備(bei)(bei)道陳洪蒙建,院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內有濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)祠、無極堂(tang)、書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)室五幢、學(xue)舍四幢等建筑(zhu),清(qing)(qing)(qing)末(mo)已廢棄。二曰新濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),在世德坊(fang)南,清(qing)(qing)(qing)乾隆五十年(nian)(nian)(1785年(nian)(nian))知(zhi)府初之樸建,嘉(jia)慶、咸豐(feng)、同治(zhi)間多次重(zhong)修,原是祀濂(lian)(lian)溪(xi)(xi)先(xian)生神(shen)位的地方,后(hou)(hou)來(lai)成為(wei)(wei)青年(nian)(nian)學(xue)子(zi)受業習(xi)藝準備(bei)(bei)參加科(ke)舉的場(chang)所(suo)。清(qing)(qing)(qing)末(mo),在此基礎上興建九江(jiang)中(zhong)學(xue)堂(tang)。
濂溪書院綿延八百(bai)余(yu)年,造(zao)就了一代(dai)又(you)一代(dai)的英(ying)才,堪稱(cheng)九江書院史奇觀。
著書與弟子
周敦(dun)頤(yi)始筑(zhu)書(shu)堂,當是(shi)從個人(ren)退隱(yin)會(hui)友讀書(shu)蓍(shi)述著(zhu)眼。真正成(cheng)為書(shu)院(yuan),始于(yu)1071—1072年(nian)間,即周敦(dun)頤(yi)知南(nan)康軍時,尤(you)其是(shi)在隱(yin)居(ju)書(shu)堂講學(xue)之后。他(ta)(ta)潛心著(zhu)述,留(liu)下了《太極圖(tu)說》、《通(tong)書(shu)》—宋(song)(song)(song)代(dai)理(li)學(xue)的開山篇,從而成(cheng)為中(zhong)(zhong)國哲學(xue)史上宋(song)(song)(song)代(dai)理(li)學(xue)的鼻祖,即客觀(guan)唯心主義的開創(chuang)者(zhe),對中(zhong)(zhong)國封建社會(hui)晚期產生極大影(ying)響。不僅如此,他(ta)(ta)還培養了聲名(ming)煊(xuan)赫(he)的兩(liang)名(ming)弟子:程顥(hao)、程頤(yi)兩(liang)兄弟。他(ta)(ta)們是(shi)早年(nian)由(you)周敦(dun)頤(yi)在南(nan)安(an)(今(jin)南(nan)康縣)因程父程珦之托而收(shou)留(liu)、受業于(yu)濂(lian)溪書(shu)院(yuan)的,程顥(hao)受周敦(dun)頤(yi)影(ying)響更大些,二程后來都成(cheng)為宋(song)(song)(song)代(dai)著(zhu)名(ming)理(li)學(xue)家。宋(song)(song)(song)元(yuan)之際學(xue)者(zhe)吳澄(1249—1333),江西(xi)崇仁人(ren),官至元(yuan)代(dai)翰林學(xue)士,他(ta)(ta)曾(ceng)在濂(lian)溪書(shu)院(yuan)一(yi)邊休養,一(yi)邊講學(xue),認真閱讀院(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)藏書(shu),研(yan)究(jiu)理(li)學(xue),折(zhe)中(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)朱(熹(xi))、陸(九淵(yuan))兩(liang)派,知名(ming)一(yi)時。
地位
濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院在(zai)中國書(shu)院史(shi)、教育史(shi)、哲學(xue)(xue)史(shi)上(shang),有著不容忽視的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)地位,在(zai)理學(xue)(xue)發展史(shi)上(shang),更(geng)處于其他書(shu)院無法比擬的(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)、靈魂和(he)淵源的(de)(de)(de)顯赫(he)位置(zhi)。歷史(shi)上(shang)到九江(jiang)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院求學(xue)(xue)、游學(xue)(xue)、拜(bai)(bai)謁(ye)、尋訪(fang)者,可(ke)謂(wei)連綿不斷。許多名人諸如(ru)黃(huang)庭堅、蘇(su)軾(shi)、“二程”、朱熹、王(wang)守仁等(deng)等(deng),都曾在(zai)此駐(zhu)有足跡。南宋淳熙四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1177年(nian)(nian)(nian))朱熹撰(zhuan)《濂(lian)溪(xi)先生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)祠堂記》、《濂(lian)溪(xi)先生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)畫像記》。兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)后,他知南康軍(jun),不僅懷著對先師敬仰之情,遍訪(fang)元公當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)南康、廬山、江(jiang)州的(de)(de)(de)遺跡,修繕(shan)先生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)舊居,建“愛(ai)蓮(lian)碑”、題“愛(ai)蓮(lian)匾”,還(huan)親自把白鹿洞書(shu)院的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)徒(tu)帶到山北拜(bai)(bai)謁(ye)濂(lian)溪(xi)祠。“我率諸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)拜(bai)(bai)祠下,要(yao)令(ling)今(jin)古(gu)播清(qing)芬”,可(ke)見參拜(bai)(bai)的(de)(de)(de)情景與目的(de)(de)(de)。
演變
書院的(de)(de)創辦之(zhi)初(chu)(chu)帶(dai)有(you)濃厚的(de)(de)私人講學交(jiao)友的(de)(de)痕(hen)跡。“或(huo)(huo)吟或(huo)(huo)冥默,或(huo)(huo)酒或(huo)(huo)鳴琴。數十(shi)黃卷(juan)軸(zhou),賢圣談無音(yin)”(周(zhou)敦(dun)頤《濂溪(xi)港》)記載了濂溪(xi)書院初(chu)(chu)期狀況。到(dao)后(hou)(hou)來,基(ji)本上由官(guan)府(fu)(fu)辦學。重建(jian)、修復(fu)的(de)(de)資金由府(fu)(fu)、縣(xian)承(cheng)擔。即如宋王象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)《輿地(di)紀勝》云:“(濂溪(xi)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng))后(hou)(hou)百余年(nian),象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)先(xian)君子守(shou)九江,為建(jian)拙(zhuo)堂(tang)及愛蓮堂(tang)于祠之(zhi)側。又其后(hou)(hou),象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)季史觀之(zhi)為德化(hua)宰,新造(zao)祠宇、書院、講堂(tang),為屋(wu)(wu)數十(shi)間(jian),仿(fang)白鹿洞院例,招致(zhi)名儒以(yi)為堂(tang)長,諸(zhu)縣(xian)舉秀民(min)以(yi)為生(sheng)(sheng)員,仍置田租以(yi)贍之(zhi),至(zhi)今(jin)不廢。”“乾(qian)隆二十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)知府(fu)(fu)董(dong)榕復(fu)移建(jian)(濂溪(xi)書院)于蓮花(hua)(hua)峰下(xia)。后(hou)(hou)因(yin)(yin)蓮花(hua)(hua)峰頭澗水潮濕(shi),風雨飄搖(yao),肄業(ye)學子不能安居,屋(wu)(wu)遂傾(qing)圮。二十(shi)八年(nian),知府(fu)(fu)溫(wen)保(bao)初(chu)(chu)對肄業(ye)諸(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)每月于府(fu)(fu)學明(ming)倫堂(tang)考課(ke),給以(yi)膏火(huo),至(zhi)今(jin)因(yin)(yin)焉。”(錄(lu)同(tong)治(zhi)《德化(hua)志》)
邵陽濂溪書院
濂溪(xi)書院,是邵陽人民(min)為紀念周敦(dun)頤先生開發邵陽教育事業(ye)的(de)豐功偉績(ji)并繼承其事業(ye)而創(chuang)建的(de)一所半官半私性質的(de)學(xue)校,是明、清(qing)間寶慶府(fu)轄區民(min)間最高學(xue)府(fu)。
基本情況
歷史沿革:濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由東山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和希濂(lian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)合并而(er)成。明嘉靖三(san)十(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),分守下湖南道參(can)議(yi)楊(yang)逢春(chun)創建(jian)東山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),陳慶(qing)作(zuo)《東山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記》云:“嘉靖歲在(zai)壬(ren)子之(zhi)次(ci),邵(shao)(shao)陽(yang)東山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)成。十(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)月奉使(shi)岷藩(fan),道經邵(shao)(shao)陽(yang),兩(liang)庠(xiang)生……來(lai)征言曰:‘敞邑東山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)舊為寺(si),在(zai)資(zi)(zi)水(shui)之(zhi)東,我藩(fan)參(can)西(xi)渠(qu)楊(yang)先生聽民(min)(min)理戎之(zhi)暇,進(jin)諸(zhu)生講學(xue)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)茲(zi),喟然嘆曰:民(min)(min)居環列若(ruo)是(shi)也,寺(si)可(ke)群(qun)乎?遂遷僧眾而(er)予之(zhi)處。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)革故(gu)建(jian)新(xin),崇(chong)規(gui)學(xue)制,更題其名為東山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)………”(《寶慶(qing)府(fu)(fu)志·禮書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)六》)。明末(mo),書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)毀(hui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)戰火(huo)。清順治十(shi)(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1658年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),寶慶(qing)知(zhi)府(fu)(fu)張惟養,邵(shao)(shao)陽(yang)知(zhi)縣濮萬鎰重修東山(shan)(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),康熙元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1662年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),邵(shao)(shao)陽(yang)知(zhi)縣顏(yan)堯揆等增(zeng)建(jian)門屏(ping)、墻垣、房舍等,使(shi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)略有成規(gui),恢復(fu)了明時舊觀。康熙十(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),知(zhi)府(fu)(fu)李益陽(yang)增(zeng)建(jian)講堂(tang),至此(ci),“書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)規(gui)制大備,人咸(xian)呼為濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,但尚未正(zheng)式更名。與此(ci)同時,又別建(jian)希濂(lian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)東山(shan)(shan)上,講堂(tang)、后院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)室具備(同上)。乾(qian)隆十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1745年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),知(zhi)府(fu)(fu)王瑋(wei)再次(ci)維修,“恢崇(chong)舍宇,以樂育人才”。吳(wu)嗣富作(zuo)《濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)碑(bei)記》,從此(ci),有關文(wen)獻正(zheng)式稱該書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。乾(qian)隆二十(shi)(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),寶慶(qing)知(zhi)府(fu)(fu)鄭(zheng)之(zhi)僑籌(chou)資(zi)(zi)重修,將(jiang)原東山(shan)(shan)、希濂(lian)兩(liang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)合為一(yi)(yi)所,移祠西(xi)向,更其門額為“濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,自(zi)此(ci),該書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)正(zheng)式改稱“濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”。鄭(zheng)之(zhi)僑自(zi)作(zuo)《新(xin)建(jian)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記》以紀之(zhi)。嘉慶(qing)十(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1814年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),知(zhi)府(fu)(fu)柳邁祖(zu)重修,自(zi)作(zuo)《重修濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記》紀其事(shi)。咸(xian)豐九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1859年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))太(tai)平天國(guo)翼王石達開率三(san)十(shi)(shi)萬大軍圍寶慶(qing)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng),書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)毀(hui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)戰火(huo)。同治二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1863年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),知(zhi)府(fu)(fu)邵(shao)(shao)綬名主持重修。民(min)(min)國(guo)之(zhi)后,廢(fei)除科舉制度(du),一(yi)(yi)度(du)將(jiang)該書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)改為安(an)和鎮中心小(xiao)學(xue)及邵(shao)(shao)陽(yang)佛(fo)教協會駐(zhu)地(di),書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)歷史至此(ci)終結。
書院規模
濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)前身(shen)為(wei)東山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)希(xi)濂(lian)(lian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。東山(shan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)原有校門、云衢、景濂(lian)(lian)堂(tang)、列舍、濂(lian)(lian)溪祠(ci)(ci)、會心室等,是(shi)一處三(san)正兩橫(heng)外加(jia)校門、通衢的(de)四合院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),清(qing)康熙元年又增建門屏(即(ji)照墻)、墻垣、房(fang)舍等,其規模(mo)更加(jia)擴(kuo)大(da)了;希(xi)濂(lian)(lian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)原有講堂(tang)、后(hou)堂(tang)、書(shu)(shu)(shu)室、列舍等建筑,系兩正兩橫(heng)的(de)四合院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。乾(qian)隆二十(shi)四年,知府鄭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)僑將兩所書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)合并(bing)(bing),更名“濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,并(bing)(bing)將原有校舍、祠(ci)(ci)宇整舊(jiu)換新(xin),又新(xin)建亭、臺(tai)(tai)(tai)、館、閣(ge)(ge)(ge)若干,使其規模(mo)進(jin)一步擴(kuo)大(da)。據鄭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)僑《新(xin)建濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)記(ji)》所載,新(xin)建之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),“壘石(shi)為(wei)臺(tai)(tai)(tai),崇(chong)九尺,廣三(san)十(shi)五丈(zhang),修(xiu)得廣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)半”,即(ji)其臺(tai)(tai)(tai)基(ji)高九尺,約3米(mi);通面(mian)闊三(san)十(shi)五丈(zhang),約120米(mi);總(zong)(zong)進(jin)深為(wei)面(mian)闊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)半,約60米(mi);總(zong)(zong)占地面(mian)積(ji)約7200平方米(mi)。中(zhong)軸線上(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主體(ti)建筑依(yi)次為(wei)三(san)希(xi)堂(tang)(又稱(cheng)致道堂(tang))、敦崇(chong)實(shi)學室、藏書(shu)(shu)(shu)樓、觀瀾(lan)閣(ge)(ge)(ge);兩側(ce)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)廂房(fang)左為(wei)敬(jing)德(de),右(you)曰(yue)居業,是(shi)為(wei)生(sheng)員(yuan)修(xiu)習之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所;其兩側(ce)又各有廡(wu)房(fang)十(shi)余間,系庖廚、餐飲及(ji)食(shi)物儲存之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所;院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)前筑門樓,“臺(tai)(tai)(tai)高八尺,護以(yi)回欄;閣(ge)(ge)(ge)高四丈(zhang)五尺,翼以(yi)欄楯(shun),可頫(fu)可眺。閣(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旁危石(shi)列榭(xie),是(shi)為(wei)朋來亭。”大(da)門之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“外有崇(chong)坊,額曰(yue)‘賢(xian)關’,體(ti)閑先圣(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,亦(yi)示義利分途也(ye)(ye)”。書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“后(hou)座一筵(yan),祀(si)(si)周(zhou)子(zi)、朱(zhu)子(zi)”,又以(yi)張無(wu)垢、陸子(zi)壽、程頤、程顥(hao)配之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),即(ji)六(liu)先生(sheng)祠(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)。祠(ci)(ci)后(hou)“環之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)垣,別(bie)存舊(jiu)祠(ci)(ci)三(san)楹,一以(yi)主劉(liu)公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祠(ci)(ci),一祀(si)(si)曾、賀、李、何、王五君”,此即(ji)東山(shan)寺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劉(liu)公祠(ci)(ci),五忠祠(ci)(ci),與濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)相鄰,亦(yi)常與書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)并(bing)(bing)稱(cheng)。至此,濂(lian)(lian)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)達到鼎盛時期,其“稱(cheng)名之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛,亦(yi)幾與四大(da)書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)埒”(見(寶慶府志(zhi)·禮書(shu)(shu)(shu)六(liu)》)。
田產與經費
濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)因(yin)系(xi)半(ban)(ban)官半(ban)(ban)民性質(zhi)的(de)(de)學(xue)校,官方無固(gu)定的(de)(de)經費,學(xue)校生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)員的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活及學(xue)習費用(yong),主要靠社(she)會各界捐助的(de)(de)田(tian)(tian)產來(lai)維持。清(qing)康熙(xi)之前,該書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)(指其前身東山書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan))尚“無官師董(dong)治及置田(tian)(tian)膳養之法,康熙(xi)三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)二(er)年(1693年),邵陽(yang)知縣王(wang)省(sheng)置膳士田(tian)(tian)二(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)畝(mu)有(you)(you)奇,每歲獲租可(ke)四(si)(si)(si)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)石(shi)(shi),分而(er)為(wei)三(san)(san):一送縣學(xue)之師,一送九(jiu)(jiu)館之師,一為(wei)諸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)膏火(huo)”。其后(hou),又相繼將五館、九(jiu)(jiu)館、十(shi)(shi)一館及義(yi)學(xue)之田(tian)(tian)產,統歸(gui)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)管理,“于是,濂(lian)溪(xi)之租入頗富(fu)矣”。乾隆十(shi)(shi)年,“知府(fu)王(wang)瑋檄經歷向雯、邵陽(yang)典史(shi)康裕履畝(mu)清(qing)勘計(ji)實”,計(ji)有(you)(you)膳士田(tian)(tian)三(san)(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)十(shi)(shi)六(liu)畝(mu)六(liu)四(si)(si)(si),科(ke)(ke)租五百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)七十(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)八(ba);賓興(xing)(xing)田(tian)(tian)五十(shi)(shi)五畝(mu),科(ke)(ke)租八(ba)十(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi);李公(gong)(gong)義(yi)學(xue)田(tian)(tian)十(shi)(shi)畝(mu)一,科(ke)(ke)租十(shi)(shi)六(liu)石(shi)(shi)。共(gong)計(ji)田(tian)(tian)三(san)(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)八(ba)十(shi)(shi)二(er)畝(mu)二(er)四(si)(si)(si),租六(liu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)三(san)(san)石(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)八(ba)。這(zhe)些田(tian)(tian)租,除(chu)(chu)給九(jiu)(jiu)館學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)租谷(gu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)二(er)十(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi)外(wai),歲完正賦(fu)八(ba)兩(liang)(liang),扣(kou)除(chu)(chu)賓興(xing)(xing)原額十(shi)(shi)一兩(liang)(liang),其余全(quan)部歸(gui)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)所有(you)(you),又將縣學(xue)貧士田(tian)(tian)租四(si)(si)(si)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi)六(liu)八(ba)三(san)(san)八(ba)除(chu)(chu)解學(xue)政(zheng)賑(zhen)貧及布政(zheng)司(si)完餉的(de)(de)七十(shi)(shi)二(er)兩(liang)(liang)六(liu)三(san)(san)(合租谷(gu)約(yue)七十(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi))之外(wai),悉歸(gui)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)。這(zhe)時,濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)名下的(de)(de)租入總計(ji)達九(jiu)(jiu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)石(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)余。乾隆二(er)十(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)年,知府(fu)鄭之僑(qiao)將籌建濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)所節(jie)余的(de)(de)千兩(liang)(liang)白銀(yin)存之邵陽(yang)、武岡(gang)二(er)質(zhi)庫,歲收子銀(yin)八(ba)十(shi)(shi)兩(liang)(liang),及以前公(gong)(gong)存質(zhi)庫歲收子銀(yin)一百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)七十(shi)(shi)一兩(liang)(liang)余,全(quan)部作為(wei)師生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)修脯膏火(huo)之用(yong),保(bao)障了來(lai)此學(xue)習諸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活及學(xue)習所需(xu)。
書院山長
濂溪書院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)山長,見于(yu)志(zhi)乘者(zhe),其(qi)前身東山書院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)首任(ren)山長為(wei)(wei)楊孟仁(ren),繼之(zhi)者(zhe)楊廷芳,而(er)其(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)平行(xing)狀皆無(wu)可考,清乾隆(long)十(shi)年在任(ren)的(de)山長為(wei)(wei)李芳華,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)平行(xing)狀亦無(wu)考。道(dao)光年間(jian),寶(bao)(bao)慶名士、古文(wen)獻學家兼詩人(ren)(ren)鄧(deng)顯(xian)鶴(he)曾任(ren)濂溪書院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)山長。鄧(deng)顯(xian)鶴(he),字(zi)(zi)子立,又字(zi)(zi)湘(xiang)(xiang)皋,寶(bao)(bao)慶新化(今屬婁底市)人(ren)(ren),嘉慶九年(1804年)舉人(ren)(ren)。博覽群書,足(zu)跡遍(bian)天下,凡海內文(wen)人(ren)(ren),多與之(zhi)交(jiao)。其(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)平喜搜集文(wen)獻掌故,嘗謂“征文(wen)考獻,當自(zi)其(qi)鄉始”,而(er)“湖南(nan)自(zi)屈原、賈誼以(yi)來,通人(ren)(ren)志(zhi)士,仍世相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)望,而(er)文(wen)字(zi)(zi)放佚,湮郁不(bu)宣”。因(yin)“網(wang)羅散失,為(wei)(wei)《資江耆舊集》六(liu)十(shi)四卷(juan)(juan)、《沅湘(xiang)(xiang)耆舊集》二百(bai)卷(juan)(juan)。遍(bian)求(qiu)周圣(sheng)楷《楚寶(bao)(bao)》一(yi)書,匡謬(miu)拾遺,為(wei)(wei)《楚寶(bao)(bao)增輯(ji)考異》四十(shi)五卷(juan)(juan)。又主(zhu)編(bian)《寶(bao)(bao)慶府志(zhi)》百(bai)五十(shi)七卷(juan)(juan)、《武岡州(zhou)志(zhi)》三十(shi)四卷(juan)(juan)等(deng)鴻篇巨著,系(xi)濂溪書院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)山長中成就最(zui)著者(zhe)。晚授寧鄉訓導,尋乞病歸。與邵陽魏源(yuan)(yuan)最(zui)友善,嘗相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)攜游學長沙、京師等(deng)地(di),其(qi)終生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)鴻雁傳書不(bu)輟(chuo)。魏源(yuan)(yuan)嘗為(wei)(wei)鄧(deng)顯(xian)鶴(he)《南(nan)村耦(ou)耕圖》記云(yun):“夫勞人(ren)(ren)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)竟以(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)能,野(ye)人(ren)(ren)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)忘以(yi)無(wu)事,獨(du)怪予之(zhi)浮沉于(yu)二者(zhe)之(zhi)間(jian),而(er)無(wu)一(yi)所自(zi)處也。……鄧(deng)子歸,其(qi)詢諸(zhu)仲氏(shi),更有得焉(yan),速(su)以(yi)告余,當荷(he)鍤而(er)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)從于(yu)寂寞之(zhi)符也”(李柏(bo)榮《魏源(yuan)(yuan)師友記》)。由此可知(zhi)(zhi)二人(ren)(ren)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)契之(zhi)厚矣(yi)。此后任(ren)濂溪書院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)山長而(er)行(xing)跡可考者(zhe)僅二人(ren)(ren),一(yi)為(wei)(wei)楊修職,其(qi)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)篤實(shi)剛耿,“課徒嚴且勤,諸(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)翕然奮興”,逝后入祀濂溪書院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan);一(yi)為(wei)(wei)劉榮干,咸豐(1851~1861年)、同治(1862~1874年)間(jian)主(zhu)講于(yu)此。“諸(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)翕然附(fu)之(zhi)”(見《邵陽市志(zhi)·教育(yu)志(zhi)》)。
周(zhou)(zhou)敦(dun)頤先生(sheng)是(shi)邵(shao)陽歷史上一(yi)位極(ji)(ji)為(wei)重要的人物,清人吳嗣富《濂溪書院碑記》云:“嘗(chang)考(kao)志(zhi)書所載,勝跡為(wei)多,其間最著(zhu)者有二:曰(yue)甘棠渡,曰(yue)濂溪祠(ci)。上下數千百年,濟斯渡者,如沐旬宣;拜斯祠(ci)者,如親光霽。一(yi)以(yi)政績(ji)傳(chuan),一(yi)以(yi)道脈傳(chuan)也。”前(qian)(qian)者是(shi)紀念西周(zhou)(zhou)初年召公(gong)姬(ji)奭巡行南(nan)國(guo),開發邵(shao)陽的歷史功績(ji);后者即為(wei)紀念周(zhou)(zhou)敦(dun)頤先生(sheng)發展邵(shao)陽教育(yu)事業(ye)的豐功偉績(ji)。近千年以(yi)來,邵(shao)陽人們紀念周(zhou)(zhou)敦(dun)頤先生(sheng)的文物遺(yi)跡極(ji)(ji)為(wei)豐富,因篇(pian)幅(fu)及(ji)(ji)本(ben)人見識(shi)所限,遺(yi)記尚多,謬誤之處,亦在所難免。敬(jing)請(qing)熟悉邵(shao)陽掌故的前(qian)(qian)輩與同仁批評及(ji)(ji)補證。
贛州濂溪書院
贛州濂溪書院
濂溪書院
創建(jian)(jian)于宋朝(chao)嘉祐年(nian)間(1056~1063),院(yuan)址設在水東玉虛(xu)觀邊(bian)(今水東小學(xue)內(nei)),是周敦頤(yi)(字濂(lian)溪(xi))任(ren)虔州通判時與(yu)程(cheng)顥、程(cheng)頤(yi)等弟(di)子(zi)講學(xue)之處。元(yuan)朝(chao)末年(nian)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)毀(hui)于戰(zhan)爭(zheng)。明洪(hong)武四年(nian)(1371)知(zhi)(zhi)縣崔天錫重建(jian)(jian),弘治(zhi)十三(san)年(nian)(1500)知(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)何光(guang)(guang)將書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)改建(jian)(jian)于郁孤臺下,崇禎十三(san)年(nian)(1640)知(zhi)(zhi)縣陳履忠(zhong)將書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)遷建(jian)(jian)于光(guang)(guang)孝寺(si)右邊(bian)(今贛一中內(nei)),改名(ming)為(wei)廉泉書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)。清順治(zhi)十年(nian)(1653),巡撫南(nan)贛都御史(shi)劉(liu)武元(yuan)將廉泉書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)復名(ming)為(wei)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan),并在大堂設周濂(lian)溪(xi)和二程(cheng)像(xiang)。招收府(fu)屬十二縣生徒肄業其(qi)中。其(qi)后多(duo)有擴建(jian)(jian),有東西講堂、濂(lian)溪(xi)祠、夜話亭、齋舍等建(jian)(jian)筑。
乾隆十七年(1752),濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)成為(wei)(wei)吉(ji)南(nan)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)寧(ning)三(san)府一州(zhou)官辦(ban)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),清末為(wei)(wei)吉(ji)南(nan)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)汀道(dao)道(dao)立(li)(li)(li)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。光(guang)緒二(er)十四(si)年(1898),在(zai)(zai)濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內創(chuang)辦(ban)致用(yong)中學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)堂(tang),這(zhe)是贛(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)創(chuang)辦(ban)新(xin)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的先聲。光(guang)緒二(er)十八(1902),贛(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)巡(xun)道(dao)劉(liu)心源和(he)地方紳士劉(liu)心源和(he)地方紳士劉(liu)景熙將整個濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)改(gai)辦(ban)為(wei)(wei)虔南(nan)師范(fan)。此后(hou),先后(hou)為(wei)(wei)吉(ji)南(nan)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)寧(ning)師范(fan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)堂(tang)、贛(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)寧(ning)師范(fan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)堂(tang)、省(sheng)立(li)(li)(li)第二(er)師范(fan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校、省(sheng)立(li)(li)(li)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)縣區中學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、省(sheng)立(li)(li)(li)第三(san)中學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。1933年8月起(qi),復名(ming)省(sheng)立(li)(li)(li)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)縣區中學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),成為(wei)(wei)當(dang)時贛(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)最高學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)府。解放后(hou),改(gai)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)江西省(sheng)立(li)(li)(li)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)州(zhou)中學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。1953年,改(gai)名(ming)江西省(sheng)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)州(zhou)市第一中學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)至今。濂(lian)溪(xi)書(shu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)自創(chuang)建以來(lai),三(san)易(yi)其地,已有(you)900多(duo)年的歷史(shi),其中夜(ye)話亭現保存在(zai)(zai)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)州(zhou)市第一中學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內。故水東可稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)教育的發祥地。
我(wo)生近圣人居,教(jiao)澤如新(xin),敢(gan)忘魯(lu)壁(bi)金絲,尼山木鐸;
此來繼賢者后,風流未泯,竊愿士崇禮儀,俗尚(shang)弦歌。
佚名題濂溪書院
夜話亭
夜(ye)(ye)話(hua)(hua)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting),位于江西(xi)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)州古城(cheng)區(qu)東南,現(xian)厚德路的贛(gan)(gan)(gan)州市第一(yi)中學內。旁有一(yi)泉,相(xiang)傳南北(bei)朝(chao)劉(liu)宋(song)元嘉年(nian)(nian)間(jian)(424-435年(nian)(nian)),一(yi)夕雷震,泉忽涌出(chu),遂以太守(shou)廉取名(ming)“廉泉”。宋(song)知軍越履祥(xiang)建(jian)廉泉亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)。北(bei)宋(song)紹圣元年(nian)(nian)(1094年(nian)(nian))蘇(su)軾貶官(guan)嶺南,過(guo)虔州(今(jin)贛(gan)(gan)(gan)州),慕名(ming)造訪當地名(ming)賢陽孝本,兩(liang)人相(xiang)處甚歡,游祥(xiang)符宮(gong),觀廉泉并(bing)在此談(tan)心至深夜(ye)(ye)和作(zuo)詩。因此后人改廉泉亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)為夜(ye)(ye)話(hua)(hua)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)。清康(kang)熙六十年(nian)(nian)(1721年(nian)(nian))撤亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)建(jian)坊,額為“贛(gan)(gan)(gan)第一(yi)泉”。乾(qian)隆四十三年(nian)(nian)(1778年(nian)(nian))易(yi)坊為亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)。額為“光風霽月(yue)”,并(bing)仍懸“贛(gan)(gan)(gan)第一(yi)泉”匾于此。夜(ye)(ye)話(hua)(hua)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)為新建(jian),尚存乾(qian)隆濂溪(xi)書(shu)院山長吳湘皋刻的《蘇(su)陽二公夜(ye)(ye)話(hua)(hua)圖》碑。列為省級文物保(bao)護單(dan)位。
汝城濂溪書院
2001年以來,汝(ru)城(cheng)縣委、縣政府按(an)照文(wen)(wen)物“修舊如舊”的(de)(de)原(yuan)則對濂溪書院(yuan)進行了修復,完成(cheng)了廣場建設(she)、前坪鋪設(she)、室內陳列以及(ji)美化(hua)亮化(hua)工(gong)程,全面提升(sheng)了書院(yuan)的(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)品位,受到了上級(ji)領導(dao)和(he)湖南省周敦(dun)頤研究專家(jia)的(de)(de)好評。重修后(hou)的(de)(de)濂溪書院(yuan)成(cheng)為了汝(ru)城(cheng)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)事業發展的(de)(de)亮點(dian)(dian)和(he)游覽(lan)觀(guan)光的(de)(de)熱點(dian)(dian),是(shi)愛國主(zhu)義教育和(he)保持共產(chan)黨員先進性(xing)教育基地,黨政要員、莘莘學(xue)子、文(wen)(wen)人墨客拜(bai)謁者絡(luo)繹不絕。