發展由來
綜述
5000年(nian)以前的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)古時期，有(you)一(yi)(yi)支姓姜的(de)(de)(de)部落生活在這里(li)的(de)(de)(de)姜水(shui)一(yi)(yi)帶。部落首(shou)領(ling)－－直至今天，在世(shi)界上(shang)好多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)地方，中東、非洲、南美洲的(de)(de)(de)雨林(lin)里(li)，都還(huan)有(you)不(bu)少這樣的(de)(de)(de)大人物，喚(huan)作“酋長”－－叫神農，身號炎帝(di)(di)。炎帝(di)(di)與其后續世(shi)系生活在姬水(shui)一(yi)(yi)帶的(de)(de)(de)鄰居黃帝(di)(di)，共為而今的(de)(de)(de)洋洋大族中華民(min)族的(de)(de)(de)始祖。寶(bao)雞(ji)也因是(shi)第一(yi)(yi)代炎帝(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)源(yuan)生地，號稱(cheng)“炎帝(di)(di)故里(li)”，當(dang)然，也是(shi)名副其實(shi)。史(shi)書載：（神農）母任姒游常羊(yang)，感生帝(di)(di)……，在寶(bao)雞(ji)市南郊的(de)(de)(de)常羊(yang)山上(shang)就有(you)一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)炎帝(di)(di)陵，相傳炎帝(di)(di)死后葬于(yu)此地。此外(wai)，市區(qu)中心地帶還(huan)有(you)一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)炎帝(di)(di)祠。
寶雞(ji)為姜炎(yan)文(wen)化的發祥(xiang)地(di)之一，是中(zhong)國文(wen)化、中(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)明、中(zhong)華(hua)民族的重(zhong)要的起源地(di)之一。 在距今約5000年前，寶雞(ji)渭水流(liu)域的姜水，生息著一個(ge)古老的氏族部落——姜炎(yan)族，誕生了一位偉大的人(ren)物，中(zhong)華(hua)民族的人(ren)文(wen)始祖——炎(yan)帝。
《國語·晉語》載“炎(yan)帝(di)以(yi)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)成”，我們可(ke)以(yi)理解(jie)為(wei)炎(yan)帝(di)族(zu)(zu)最早活(huo)動的(de)地方在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)。古之姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)，據《水(shui)經·渭水(shui)注》所(suo)載是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)南，即今(jin)(jin)岐(qi)(qi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣周原(yuan)一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)，但不(bu)知道確定地點(dian)。不(bu)過，據《大(da)明一(yi)(yi)統志(zhi)》：鳳翔(xiang)府寶(bao)雞(ji)縣南七里有姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)，城(cheng)(cheng)南也(ye)有姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)，此姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)今(jin)(jin)名姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)城(cheng)(cheng)堡(bao)(bao)，往南即益門堡(bao)(bao)，堡(bao)(bao)西(xi)有一(yi)(yi)水(shui)名今(jin)(jin)仍名清姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)。古代(dai)傳說，本(ben)來難(nan)得(de)考實。以(yi)上(shang)兩說孰是(shi)(shi)孰非，不(bu)必(bi)過于拘泥。但總是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鳳翔(xiang)府地，即今(jin)(jin)寶(bao)雞(ji)市(shi)(shi)(shi)區(qu)之內。姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)城(cheng)(cheng)堡(bao)(bao)為(wei)新石器遺址，1958年被列為(wei)陜西(xi)省重點(dian)文(wen)物保護(hu)單位。實際上(shang)，姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)炎(yan)族(zu)(zu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)寶(bao)雞(ji)的(de)最早故居(ju)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)今(jin)(jin)清姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)流域。為(wei)了生(sheng)存和發展，一(yi)(yi)部分(fen)遷(qian)居(ju)今(jin)(jin)岐(qi)(qi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、扶風(feng)一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)，所(suo)以(yi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這里也(ye)出現(xian)了帶(dai)“姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)”的(de)水(shui)名和城(cheng)(cheng)名，即“姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)”和“姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)”。有研究者考證認為(wei)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)今(jin)(jin)寶(bao)雞(ji)市(shi)(shi)(shi)區(qu)渭河(he)和清姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)的(de)交匯地帶(dai)，曾發現(xian)過多件劉(liu)家文(wen)化(hua)（姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)炎(yan)文(wen)化(hua)）的(de)典型器物——高(gao)領袋足鬲。據測(ce)定，這比在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)岐(qi)(qi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、扶風(feng)境內發現(xian)的(de)同類器物要(yao)早。這說明岐(qi)(qi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、扶風(feng)境內出現(xian)的(de)劉(liu)家文(wen)化(hua)是(shi)(shi)寶(bao)雞(ji)市(shi)(shi)(shi)區(qu)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)炎(yan)族(zu)(zu)向東遷(qian)徙、推進(jin)的(de)結果。
正因為炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)誕生于今(jin)寶(bao)雞(ji)地(di)(di)區(qu)，所以(yi)，歷史(shi)傳說(shuo)，早在(zai)黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)時代，寶(bao)雞(ji)地(di)(di)區(qu)就開(kai)(kai)始(shi)了對炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)祭(ji)(ji)祀。《路(lu)史(shi)·后記(ji)》記(ji)載:“黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)所崇(chong)炎(yan)(yan)之祠(ci)于陳”。羅萍(ping)注說(shuo)：“黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)所崇(chong)疑(yi)在(zai)陳倉”。《史(shi)記(ji)·封禪(chan)書》記(ji)載：“秦靈公作吳(wu)陽上(shang)畤，祭(ji)(ji)黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)；作下畤，祭(ji)(ji)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。”“吳(wu)陽”是指今(jin)寶(bao)雞(ji)市區(qu)北的(de)(de)(de)吳(wu)山（今(jin)陳倉區(qu)境內）之東南(nan)面，即今(jin)鳳翔的(de)(de)(de)“三畤原”。秦國開(kai)(kai)創了以(yi)朝廷名義祭(ji)(ji)祀炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)先例(li)。迄今(jin)為止，這是我們所能(neng)看到的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)早的(de)(de)(de)有(you)關這方面內容(rong)的(de)(de)(de)文獻記(ji)錄(lu)。自此以(yi)后，寶(bao)雞(ji)祭(ji)(ji)祀炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)相沿成習、經久不衰(shuai)。西(xi)漢(han)(han)時期，漢(han)(han)高祖劉(liu)邦自稱“赤（炎(yan)(yan)）帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之子”，設(she)“畤”祭(ji)(ji)祀炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)及黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、青帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、白帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、黑帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。這種祭(ji)(ji)俗一直延至漢(han)(han)武帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。漢(han)(han)武帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)在(zai)位(wei)期間,曾多次到“雍”地(di)(di)設(she)“畤”祭(ji)(ji)祀“五帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”。隋唐以(yi)降，寶(bao)雞(ji)地(di)(di)區(qu)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)設(she)廟宇(yu)祭(ji)(ji)祀炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。
隨著炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)部(bu)落不(bu)斷繁衍壯大，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)部(bu)落沿渭河不(bu)斷向東南方向遷徙。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)及(ji)其后續世系政權(quan)又分(fen)為(wei)(wei)兩大支(zhi)脈，一為(wei)(wei)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)魁隗氏(shi)政權(quan)，一為(wei)(wei)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)神農氏(shi)政權(quan)。
魁隗氏
炎帝(di)魁(kui)隗氏發祥于(yu)秦嶺常羊山，興(xing)盛于(yu)赤水（今貴州赤水市），建帝(di)都于(yu)陳倉（今陜(shan)西寶雞市），傳七帝(di)而失政(zheng)，被(bei)炎帝(di)神(shen)農(nong)氏取而代(dai)之。
炎帝魁隗氏政權(quan)起于公(gong)元前5008年(nian)，訖于公(gong)元前4766年(nian)，歷六任帝，傳國虛(xu)記二百四十(shi)三(san)年(nian)。這六任帝是：
1、 魁隗(wei)，在位執政(zheng)虛記五(wu)十八年(nian)（公(gong)元前5008——前4951年(nian)）。
2、 炎(yan)居(ju)，在位執政虛記三(san)十四年（公元(yuan)前4951——前4918年）。
3、 節并(bing)，在位執(zhi)政虛(xu)記四十三年（公元前4918——前4876年）。
4、 戲器，在位(wei)執(zhi)政虛(xu)記五十年（公元前(qian)(qian)4876——前(qian)(qian)4827年）。
5、 祝融，在位執(zhi)政(zheng)虛記四(si)十七年(nian)（公(gong)元前4827——前4781年(nian)）。
6、 共工，在位執政虛(xu)記十六年(nian)（公元前(qian)4781——前(qian)4766年(nian)）。
神農氏
部族(zu)首領稱炎(yan)帝(di)，名(ming)石年(nian)，姜姓，羊圖騰。號神(shen)農氏(shi)(shi)(shi)，為神(shen)農氏(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)，始生地在姜水（今(jin)陜西省(sheng)寶雞市境(jing)內），傳說(shuo)在位140年(nian)（約公元(yuan)前3216～前3077年(nian)），一說(shuo)在位120年(nian)，卒葬于(yu)湖(hu)南省(sheng)株洲市炎(yan)陵縣(xian)鹿原陂(po)（又名(ming)炎(yan)陵山、皇(huang)山）。是農業和醫(yi)藥的(de)發(fa)明(ming)者。其著名(ming)后(hou)裔有蚩(chi)尤氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、烈（厲）山氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、共工氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、四岳氏(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)。
炎(yan)帝神農氏政權共傳八(ba)任帝，傳國虛記二百(bai)五十四年（前4766—前4513）。
首任帝、神農，在位執政(zheng)虛(xu)記(ji)三十(shi)四(si)年(nian)（公元前4766——前4733年(nian)）。
二任帝、臨魁(kui)，在位執政虛記(ji)四十二年（公元前4733——前4692年）。
三任帝、姜承，在位執政虛記三十八年(nian)（公(gong)元前4692——前4655年(nian)）。
四任帝(di)、姜明，在位執政虛記(ji)二十八年（公元前(qian)4655——前(qian)4628年）。
五(wu)任帝、姜宜，在位執政虛記四十七年（公元前4628——前4582年）。
六任帝、姜來，在位執政虛記二十年（公元前4582——前4563年）。
七任(ren)帝、姜克(ke)，在位執(zhi)政虛(xu)記二十五年（公(gong)元前(qian)4563——前(qian)4539年）。
八任帝、榆(yu)罔，在位(wei)執政虛記二十七年(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)前4539——前4513年(nian)(nian)）。
蚩尤氏
炎(yan)帝之(zhi)后（一(yi)曰先仕于(yu)(yu)炎(yan)帝），出自(zi)羊水(shui)，仕于(yu)(yu)黃帝。為(wei)(wei)主金之(zhi)官，默(mo)觀神農(nong)世(shi)衰，潛(qian)鑄金類，以為(wei)(wei)利器，舉兵逐榆(yu)罔（炎(yan)帝裔），自(zi)號炎(yan)帝。后作兵伐黃帝，并曾請風伯雨師助戰(zhan)，終為(wei)(wei)黃帝擊敗于(yu)(yu)涿鹿之(zhi)野(ye)，被殺。他(ta)(ta)是戰(zhan)神和(he)兵器之(zhi)神，而兵器的發明乃(nai)源自(zi)農(nong)具和(he)其他(ta)(ta)生產工具。
共工氏
亦名共攻氏，炎帝(di)后裔。性格暴戾，易(yi)于為(wei)非。相傳因(yin)與顓頊爭強(qiang)為(wei)帝(di)，曾與東夷族大戰(zhan)，不(bu)勝(sheng)，而怒觸不(bu)周之山，致使天傾地陷，造成人(ren)間大災難。
烈山氏
又(you)叫厲山(shan)(shan)(shan)氏，其(qi)(qi)首領(ling)為(wei)(wei)烈山(shan)(shan)(shan)或柱。《國語·魯語上》云：“昔(xi)烈山(shan)(shan)(shan)氏之有(you)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)也，其(qi)(qi)子(zi)曰柱，能(neng)植百(bai)谷百(bai)蔬。”《左(zuo)傳·昭公二十九年》載：“有(you)烈山(shan)(shan)(shan)氏之子(zi)曰柱，為(wei)(wei)稷”。《禮記·祭法》則稱(cheng)：“厲山(shan)(shan)(shan)氏之有(you)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)也，其(qi)(qi)子(zi)曰農，能(neng)植百(bai)谷。”一般認為(wei)(wei)烈山(shan)(shan)(shan)氏為(wei)(wei)炎帝后裔，仍為(wei)(wei)農神(shen)、谷神(shen)。烈山(shan)(shan)(shan)，本是燒山(shan)(shan)(shan)墾田之意。
四岳氏
首領為伯夷，姜姓，傳為共工(gong)之從孫(sun)，曾(ceng)助禹平治水(shui)土。后繁衍出齊、呂、申、許四支后裔。
第二(er)世，臨(lin)魁，炎帝(di)長(chang)子，在位(wei)80年（公元前3076～前2997年）。
第(di)三(san)世，帝承，在位60年（公元(yuan)前2996～前2937年）。
第(di)四世，帝明(ming)，在位49年(nian)（公元前2936一(yi)前2888年(nian)）。
第五世，帝直，在位(wei)45年（公(gong)元前2887一前2843年）。
第(di)六(liu)世，帝(di)來（厘），在位48年（公(gong)元前2842～前2795年）。
第七世，帝裹(guo)（哀），在(zai)位42年(nian)（公元前(qian)(qian)2794一前(qian)(qian)2753年(nian)）。
第(di)八世，榆罔(wang)，名克，居長（zhǎng），在位55年；因(yin)德不及其(qi)弟軒(xuan)轅，故讓位。軒(xuan)轅即黃帝，姓有熊氏。
第(di)九世，名器，榆罔子。
第十世(shi)，名祝融，器(qi)之子；卒葬衡山（在今湖(hu)南）。
第十一世(shi)，名術囂(xiao)，祝融子。
第十二世，名勾(gou)龍(long)，術囂子。
第十三世，名(ming)垂，勾龍子。
第十(shi)四世，名共工。
第十五世，名(ming)伯夷(yi)，著(zhu)名(ming)賢人，佐(zuo)堯(yao)帝掌四(si)岳(yue)，佐(zuo)大禹(yu)治(zhi)水，因功(gong)受(shou)封于(yu)呂，為呂侯，是呂氏得(de)姓之始。姜太公呂尚，即其后。
后世紀念
炎帝故里
主詞條：炎(yan)帝故里
因為(wei)炎帝(di)神農（Yandi；Yan Emperor）并不單(dan)是一(yi)個，而是對(dui)這一(yi)時期炎帝(di)世系多個早期華夏族杰(jie)出部(bu)落首領的統稱(cheng)，這些人(ren)可能距今6000年至5500年之間活動于(yu)姜水(shui)之岸(an)（今陜西省寶雞市境內(nei)），其后部(bu)落發展擴(kuo)大，遷徙(xi)并活躍于(yu)湖北(bei)、湖南、山西等地(di)，均是炎帝(di)故里。
炎帝陵
主詞條：炎帝陵
炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)又號稱神農(nong)氏(shi)，神農(nong)氏(shi)族部落初始活(huo)(huo)(huo)躍地(di)應在在姜(jiang)水，后(hou)(hou)以姜(jiang)水為活(huo)(huo)(huo)動中心(xin)，向周(zhou)邊地(di)區擴展，因(yin)此在天臺(tai)山、常羊山、蒙峪溝、九龍泉、清姜(jiang)河(he)、炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)陵、炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)祠多個(ge)地(di)方構成了一條完整的(de)炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)神農(nong)氏(shi)從出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)、死后(hou)(hou)安葬的(de)炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)文化鏈條。《國(guo)語》中記載(zai)，大約在5000年前西秦大地(di)上(shang)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動著一支母系氏(shi)族部落--有蚶(han)氏(shi)，傳說后(hou)(hou)產生(sheng)(sheng)雙胞族炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)和黃帝(di)(di)(di)，黃帝(di)(di)(di)部落最(zui)初生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)在渭河(he)下游，后(hou)(hou)遷移至(zhi)中原地(di)區。炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)部落生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)在寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)一帶(dai)，以經營農(nong)業著名。在寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)已發(fa)(fa)現關桃(tao)園(yuan)遺(yi)址（8000年前）、北首嶺遺(yi)址（7100年前）、姜(jiang)城(cheng)堡遺(yi)址等古(gu)文化遺(yi)址40多處(chu)。眾多的(de)古(gu)文化遺(yi)址，反映了炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)部落繁衍生(sheng)(sheng)息，發(fa)(fa)展狀大的(de)過程(cheng)。
炎(yan)帝(di)部落以(yi)寶雞為(wei)中(zhong)心，沿(yan)渭河(he)向四周擴展(zhan)(zhan)，向西發展(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)中(zhong)原大(da)地，此處土地平坦肥(fei)沃，氣候濕(shi)潤，原始(shi)農業得到(dao)長遠的發展(zhan)(zhan)。部落開始(shi)定居，開始(shi)建都陳，再遷往魯。建都曲(qu)阜，后來炎(yan)帝(di)部落與南方的蚩尤(you)發生(sheng)戰爭，求(qiu)助(zhu)于黃帝(di)部落在涿鹿大(da)敗蚩尤(you)。以(yi)后炎(yan)黃兩(liang)部落聯(lian)盟形成(cheng)了華夏民族(zu)的主體。后來，炎(yan)帝(di)部落一(yi)(yi)部分(fen)南遷，足跡兩(liang)湖。一(yi)(yi)部分(fen)仍留于黃河(he)流域融合于其他氏族(zu)部落之中(zhong)，仍奉炎(yan)帝(di)為(wei)祖。
炎帝神農故里
這反映了(le)神(shen)農部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)是(shi)不斷(duan)發展壯大的，其(qi)中以寶雞(ji)(ji)的炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)陵為第(di)一(yi)代炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)的陵墓。寶雞(ji)(ji)是(shi)早期華夏部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)聯盟主干——炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)（華族）的發祥地(di)。第(di)一(yi)代炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)生于(yu)常(chang)羊山蒙峪(yu)溝，長于(yu)姜水(shui)，是(shi)農業之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)，醫藥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣，因以火(huo)德王，故名(ming)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)，號神(shen)農氏(shi)。《白虎通義》中記載，古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人民(min)皆(jie)食(shi)禽獸(shou)肉，至(zhi)于(yu)神(shen)農，人民(min)眾多，禽獸(shou)不足，于(yu)是(shi)神(shen)農因天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，分地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利，制耒耜，教民(min)農作，神(shen)而化之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使民(min)宜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)農。一(yi)代、二代炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)均(jun)生活于(yu)陜西寶雞(ji)(ji)姜水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岸，其(qi)后，炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)壯大輻射到其(qi)他(ta)地(di)區，后代炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)活躍于(yu)湖南株洲炎(yan)(yan)陵縣、湖北隨(sui)州、山西高平等(deng)地(di)，使這些(xie)地(di)方都留下炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)陵。
陵祠
炎(yan)帝陵和炎(yan)帝祠位于寶雞市(shi)渭(wei)濱區神農鎮境內常羊山上。是神農炎(yan)帝的陵寢，為炎(yan)黃子孫拜祖祭(ji)祀的主要(yao)場所。
中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)(hua)民族(zu)(zu)是(shi)(shi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃貴胄，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)是(shi)(shi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃子(zi)孫。神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)氏族(zu)(zu)始(shi)祖(zu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)始(shi)生地(di)(di)(di)(di)在(zai)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，軒轅氏族(zu)(zu)始(shi)祖(zu)黃帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)始(shi)生地(di)(di)(di)(di)在(zai)姬水(shui)(shui)(shui)，早(zao)在(zai)2700多年(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)春秋時代(dai)(dai)就有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)定論。《國語·晉(jin)語》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)記(ji)載：“黃帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)以(yi)(yi)姬水(shui)(shui)(shui)成，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)以(yi)(yi)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)成。”姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)在(zai)寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)，這(zhe)在(zai)1500多年(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)北魏時代(dai)(dai)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國古(gu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理學家(jia)(jia)酈道(dao)元就明(ming)確地(di)(di)(di)(di)寫人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)經(jing)注》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。明(ming)代(dai)(dai)天順五年(nian)(nian)《一(yi)(yi)統志(zhi)》記(ji)載：“姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)在(zai)寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縣(xian)南。”即(ji)今(jin)寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)市(shi)區(qu)(qu)渭河(he)南姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏城。寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)市(shi)區(qu)(qu)渭河(he)南有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)浴(yu)(yu)圣(sheng)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)泉(quan)，泉(quan)上(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)唐建(jian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)祠，祠南蒙(meng)(meng)峪口(kou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)山(shan)，常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)山(shan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，均在(zai)（寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)市(shi)）渭濱(bin)區(qu)(qu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)鎮(zhen)境內(nei)，都(dou)是(shi)(shi)眾(zhong)民百(bai)姓祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)先(xian)祖(zu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場(chang)(chang)所。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)主要游覽建(jian)筑有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)：神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)門(men)(men)、羊(yang)(yang)腳亭(ting)、炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)大(da)(da)(da)(da)門(men)(men)、炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)行宮、羊(yang)(yang)首亭(ting)、“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)城池”、“華(hua)(hua)(hua)夏始(shi)祖(zu)”牌(pai)坊、祭(ji)(ji)壇廣(guang)場(chang)(chang)、炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)、炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)塑(su)(su)像(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)型彩繪、墓(mu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)石階(jie)、陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)等。寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)民間春節正月(yue)11日集會九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)泉(quan)祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)誕辰；每(mei)年(nian)(nian)7月(yue)7日集會天臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)祭(ji)(ji)奠(dian)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)死葬。這(zhe)幾年(nian)(nian)來(lai)，海(hai)內(nei)外(wai)同胞多次成批來(lai)寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)域姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)城堡、九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)泉(quan)、天臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)尋根拜祖(zu)，但(dan)祠毀(hui)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)圮(pi)失(shi)修。作為(wei)(wei)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)故鄉(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃子(zi)孫——寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)深感(gan)內(nei)疚。為(wei)(wei)此(ci)渭濱(bin)區(qu)(qu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)鎮(zhen)政(zheng)府先(xian)后邀請專家(jia)(jia)學者與研(yan)究寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)方(fang)志(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同志(zhi)，進(jin)行實地(di)(di)(di)(di)考察，結合(he)史(shi)志(zhi)文(wen)獻記(ji)載論證．市(shi)政(zheng)府、政(zheng)協以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處蒙(meng)(meng)峪溝口(kou)常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)山(shan)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)橋(qiao)梁(liang)廠領導(dao)，決心在(zai)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)氏族(zu)(zu)始(shi)祖(zu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出生、創業(ye)與喪葬之處重(zhong)修神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)祠和炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，為(wei)(wei)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃子(zi)孫拜祖(zu)謁陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)祭(ji)(ji)奠(dian)先(xian) 祖(zu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)修建(jian)場(chang)(chang)所。弘揚民族(zu)(zu)文(wen)化，功垂中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)(hua)歷(li)史(shi)。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)劃分(fen)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)前(qian)(qian)(qian)區(qu)(qu)、祭(ji)(ji)祖(zu)區(qu)(qu)、墓(mu)冢三個(ge)部分(fen)。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)前(qian)(qian)(qian)區(qu)(qu)：姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)城堡處有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)古(gu)式重(zhong)檐牌(pai)坊，上(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)：“炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)故里(li)”四(si)字(zi)(zi)(zi)。堡東(dong)“浴(yu)(yu)圣(sheng)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)泉(quan)”上(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)沐浴(yu)(yu)殿(dian)和九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)亭(ting)。清(qing)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)路(lu)(lu)北段十字(zi)(zi)(zi)路(lu)(lu)口(kou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)座石質華(hua)(hua)(hua)表(biao)牌(pai)坊，上(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)之鄉(xiang)”四(si)字(zi)(zi)(zi)。清(qing)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)段十字(zi)(zi)(zi)路(lu)(lu)口(kou)又(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)座古(gu)式牌(pai)坊，上(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)杰地(di)(di)(di)(di)靈”四(si)字(zi)(zi)(zi)。寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)橋(qiao)梁(liang)廠門(men)(men)前(qian)(qian)(qian)天臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)入口(kou)處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒙(meng)(meng)峪，坐東(dong)面(mian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)座跨路(lu)(lu)古(gu)建(jian)筑“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)門(men)(men)”牌(pai)坊。過(guo)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)門(men)(men)經(jing)橋(qiao)梁(liang)廠家(jia)(jia)屬區(qu)(qu)，向南即(ji)為(wei)(wei)常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)山(shan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)盤山(shan)公路(lu)(lu)直達陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)殿(dian)；另有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)直登陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)殿(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石階(jie)。祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)區(qu)(qu)：“炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)”所在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)山(shan)，距寶(bao)(bao)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)市(shi)南約5公里(li)。進(jin)入山(shan)門(men)(men)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)百(bai)米臺(tai)(tai)階(jie)，謁陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)可(ke)拾(shi)級登陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)臺(tai)(tai)，陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)臺(tai)(tai)處有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)牌(pai)坊、山(shan)門(men)(men)。門(men)(men)外(wai)豎立(li)著(zhu)一(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)石碑，上(shang)(shang)刻“常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)山(shan)”三個(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)字(zi)(zi)(zi)，是(shi)(shi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)安(an)(an)著(zhu)名書(shu)(shu)法家(jia)(jia)吳三大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手跡。常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)山(shan)風光宜人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，溝底終(zhong)年(nian)(nian)流(liu)淌(tang)著(zhu)清(qing)冽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)泉(quan)小(xiao)溪，也流(liu)淌(tang)著(zhu)永遠(yuan)訴說不完的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美麗(li)傳說，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)就誕生在(zai)這(zhe)塊(kuai)美麗(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土地(di)(di)(di)(di)上(shang)(shang)。步入炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)廟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)門(men)(men)，左廂房(fang)里(li)展出著(zhu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生平及(ji)(ji)(ji)傳說故事，右廂房(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墻壁上(shang)(shang)懸掛著(zhu)各界(jie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)士的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)題詞。東(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側設(she)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)展覽館和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)史(shi)展覽館。修建(jian)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)及(ji)(ji)(ji)祭(ji)(ji)奠(dian)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生動場(chang)(chang)面(mian)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)通過(guo)電視(shi)錄(lu)相展示在(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)眼前(qian)(qian)(qian)。院子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正面(mian)是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)，殿(dian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)是(shi)(shi)可(ke)容納千人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)廣(guang)場(chang)(chang)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)面(mian)5間，左右兩(liang)(liang)(liang)邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)紅柱子(zi)上(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)安(an)(an)著(zhu)名書(shu)(shu)法家(jia)(jia)茹桂書(shu)(shu)寫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對聯：“創始(shi)定有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)千載岐黃崇炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”，“流(liu)傳安(an)(an)無據(ju)八方(fang)稼穡念神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”。正面(mian)門(men)(men)額上(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)“炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)”四(si)個(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)字(zi)(zi)(zi)。殿(dian)堂正中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)是(shi)(shi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)型塑(su)(su)像(xiang)(xiang)，殿(dian)內(nei)燈火輝煌，香火不斷，宏亮(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘聲悠揚 悅(yue)耳，回蕩整個(ge)山(shan)谷…… 祭(ji)(ji)祖(zu)區(qu)(qu)內(nei)還修建(jian)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)圣(sheng)母宮和神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)閣。西(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)腰有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)百(bai)草堂、藥(yao)王洞建(jian)筑，既是(shi)(shi)研(yan)究中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場(chang)(chang)所，又(you)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)群眾(zhong)看病。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)區(qu)(qu)：穿過(guo)殿(dian)堂往南，便是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)條筆直的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通往后山(shan)頂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)道(dao)。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)就在(zai)這(zhe)后山(shan)頂上(shang)(shang)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)迫不及(ji)(ji)(ji)待地(di)(di)(di)(di)登上(shang)(shang)陡峭(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、層層相疊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臺(tai)(tai)階(jie)，直至登上(shang)(shang)第999個(ge)臺(tai)(tai)階(jie)，才算終(zhong)于(yu)到達常(chang)羊(yang)(yang)山(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)峰(feng)頂。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)個(ge)龐大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓形陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)，墓(mu)冢周圍用青石砌筑，墓(mu)碑上(shang)(shang)刻有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)“炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)”四(si)字(zi)(zi)(zi)。四(si)周松(song)柏(bo)成林(lin)。墓(mu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)通道(dao)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)邊為(wei)(wei)歷(li)代(dai)(dai)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)王塑(su)(su)像(xiang)(xiang)，陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)冢后為(wei)(wei)頌揚炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)功德(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩詞、楹聯和繪畫作品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碑林(lin)。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)東(dong)連天臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)風景名勝區(qu)(qu)，北隔蒙(meng)(meng)峪河(he)與諸葛山(shan)相望，南邊松(song)柏(bo)成林(lin)，越(yue)林(lin)梢(shao)可(ke)遠(yuan)眺高(gao)(gao)聳人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)云的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)秦嶺大(da)(da)(da)(da)散關，向西(xi)(xi)(xi)俯視(shi)清(qing)波(bo)滾滾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)縈繞姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏城北流(liu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)渭河(he)。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)整體以(yi)(yi)山(shan)取勢，古(gu)建(jian)成群，三面(mian)凌空，給(gei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)雄偉、神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)圣(sheng)、肅穆、古(gu)雅、幽靜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感(gan)覺。“國之大(da)(da)(da)(da)事，在(zai)祀(si)(si)與戒(jie)。”“蓋古(gu)圣(sheng)之功德(de)，惟帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)。故后世之報享，帷(wei)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)最(zui)隆。”作為(wei)(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)、醫(yi)藥(yao)和市(shi)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創始(shi)者，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)氏在(zai)歷(li)代(dai)(dai)祀(si)(si)典中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，一(yi)(yi)直居(ju)于(yu)崇高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)位。海(hai)外(wai)僑胞、港澳同胞和大(da)(da)(da)(da)陸各界(jie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)士紛紛來(lai)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)祭(ji)(ji)祖(zu)拜謁。這(zhe)里(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)江澤(ze)民、李鵬、趙樸初(chu)、周培源、周谷城、楊靜仁、張(zhang)愛(ai)萍、王首道(dao)、錢偉長、江華(hua)(hua)(hua)、王任重(zhong)、耿飚、張(zhang)平化、嚴濟慈(ci)、蕭(xiao)克、羅青長、屈武等人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)題字(zi)(zi)(zi)、題詞，也有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)社會各界(jie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)士留下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墨寶(bao)(bao)。
行宮
炎帝行(xing)宮是一處重要的炎帝遺存，位于山(shan)西省高平市東北14.5公(gong)里的故關(guan)村。
該(gai)宮建于(yu)村中偏南(nan)，創建年代不詳(xiang)，至遲(chi)在明代已有。坐北面南(nan)，單進(jin)院(yuan)(yuan)。現有正殿(dian)(dian)、午臺(tai)、圣賢殿(dian)(dian)等。正殿(dian)(dian)三間，進(jin)深六椽，前殿(dian)(dian)懸山頂。院(yuan)(yuan)內現存，明、清碑(bei)四通。
據明成化十一年(nian)（1475年(nian)）“重修(xiu)炎帝行(xing)宮碑”記載：“神農炎帝行(xing)宮磐基在故關里村(cun)前，肇基太古(gu)，無文(wen)考驗，祠在換馬(ma)村(cun)東南(nan)，現存(cun)墳冢，木(mu)欄繞護，然祠與宮相去(qu)幾百余步也(ye)。”
歷史遺址
在寶雞市姜城(cheng)堡地(di)區(qu)發現的(de)(de)(de)(de)姜氏(shi)城(cheng)遺址，面積大(da)(da)(da)約有(you)49萬平(ping)方米(mi)。遺址中(zhong)最大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)房(fang)子長10.7 米(mi)，寬(kuan)10.5米(mi)，面積約124平(ping)方米(mi)，而北首(shou)嶺(ling)遺址中(zhong)最大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)房(fang)子面積僅88平(ping)方米(mi)，出土的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產工具和(he)陶器與北首(shou)嶺(ling)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)似，并且相(xiang)(xiang)對先(xian)進(jin)。由此(ci)可見(jian)，姜城(cheng)堡遺址時(shi)期是北首(shou)嶺(ling)氏(shi)族部(bu)(bu)落(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)繁榮和(he)發展時(shi)期，這正是母(mu)系(xi)氏(shi)族公社向(xiang)父氏(shi)族公社的(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)渡時(shi)期，與傳(chuan)說(shuo)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)炎帝(di)時(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)吻合。發現古文(wen)化遺址40多處。眾(zhong)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)古文(wen)化遺址，反映了(le)炎帝(di)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)繁衍(yan)生息，發展狀大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)。
故事傳說
寶(bao)雞(ji)是(shi)炎(yan)(yan)帝的發(fa)(fa)祥地(di)(di)。炎(yan)(yan)帝生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)寶(bao)雞(ji)天臺山的蒙(meng)峪溝(gou)，長于(yu)(yu)姜水，是(shi)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)，醫藥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣，因以火德王(wang)，故(gu)名炎(yan)(yan)帝，號神(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)氏(shi)。 《白虎通(tong)號》中記載，古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)民(min)(min)皆食禽(qin)獸肉，至于(yu)(yu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)，人(ren)民(min)(min)眾多，禽(qin)獸不足，于(yu)(yu)是(shi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)因天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，分地(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利，制耒(lei)耜，教民(min)(min)農(nong)作(zuo)，神(shen)(shen)(shen)而化之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)民(min)(min)宜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)。炎(yan)(yan)帝部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)以寶(bao)雞(ji)為中心，沿渭河向四周擴(kuo)展，向西(xi)發(fa)(fa)展到(dao)中原大(da)地(di)(di)，此(ci)處土地(di)(di)平(ping)坦肥沃，氣候(hou)濕潤，原始農(nong)業(ye)(ye)得到(dao)長遠的發(fa)(fa)展。部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)開始定(ding)居，開始建(jian)都陳，再遷往魯，建(jian)都曲(qu)阜，后來炎(yan)(yan)帝部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)與南(nan)方的蚩尤發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)戰爭，求助于(yu)(yu)黃(huang)帝部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)在涿鹿(lu)大(da)敗蚩尤。以后炎(yan)(yan)黃(huang)兩部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)聯盟(meng)形(xing)成了華夏(xia)民(min)(min)族的主體。后來，炎(yan)(yan)帝部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)一(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分南(nan)遷，足跡兩湖，一(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分仍留于(yu)(yu)黃(huang)河流域融合于(yu)(yu)其他氏(shi)族部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，仍奉炎(yan)(yan)帝為祖。
主要景點
綜述
炎帝陵分為陵前區(qu)、祭祀區(qu)、墓(mu)冢區(qu)3部分。
陵前區
陵(ling)前區從姜城堡地區至天臺(tai)山入口的蒙峪建有多處古式(shi)牌坊，上(shang)書"炎帝故里"、"神農(nong)之鄉"、"神農(nong)門"、"人(ren)杰地靈"等。
祭祀區
進入山(shan)門(men)(men)，即進入祭祀區，沿百米臺階而(er)上，來(lai)到陵臺，陵臺處(chu)為山(shan)門(men)(men)，門(men)(men)外豎(shu)立一塊石碑，上刻"常羊(yang)山(shan)"三個大字，為著(zhu)名書法家吳三大的手跡(ji)。
登上(shang)山(shan)頂，便到了仰首亭(ting)，亭(ting)內和亭(ting)旁各有一塊清代碑石，碑上(shang)刻有"常(chang)養育炎"和"山(shan)海鎮 "，其(qi)中后者為(wei)清嘉(jia)慶三年(nian)重修城池的遺石。
炎帝廟
炎(yan)(yan)帝廟，大(da)殿(dian)面闊5間(jian)，左右兩(liang)邊的(de)(de)對聯為(wei)(wei)書法(fa)家茹桂所書"創(chuang)始定(ding)有人千載(zai)歧黃崇炎(yan)(yan)帝，流傳安天據八方(fang)稼(jia)穡念神(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)"，表達了(le)對炎(yan)(yan)帝的(de)(de)崇敬(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情。殿(dian)前為(wei)(wei)祭祀(si)廣場，可容納千人祭祀(si)。廣場兩(liang)側(ce)分別建有鼓亭和鐘亭。正殿(dian)面積400平方(fang)米，高12米，為(wei)(wei)清式廡(wu)殿(dian)。殿(dian)堂正中為(wei)(wei)炎(yan)(yan)帝座像，像高4.5米，目光(guang)炯炯，莊重慈(ci)祥。殿(dian)內兩(liang)側(ce)壁上分別繪(hui)有有關炎(yan)(yan)帝的(de)(de)大(da)型壁畫，分別為(wei)(wei)常羊育炎(yan)(yan)、浴圣九龍、農(nong)(nong)業之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)、太(tai)陽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)、醫藥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)、炎(yan)(yan)帝結盟，講述(shu)了(le)炎(yan)(yan)帝的(de)(de)生平和功(gong)績。
穿過祭祀(si)區，便(bian)進入墓冢區。沿著(zhu)長(chang)長(chang)的陵道拾級而上，兩邊塑立著(zhu)百代(dai)帝(di)王石像(xiang)，總共16位，依(yi)歷史(shi)順(shun)序(xu)依(yi)次排列(lie)為：堯(yao)、舜、禹、啟、夏桀(jie)、成湯、盤庚、紂(zhou)王、周(zhou)文(wen)王、周(zhou)武王、周(zhou)幽王、周(zhou)平(ping)王、鄭莊公(gong)、齊桓公(gong)、秦(qin)穆(mu)公(gong)、宋襄公(gong)等(deng)。
沿著(zhu)陵的道一直(zhi)向上，便來(lai)到了(le)氣勢(shi)雄渾(hun)、莊嚴肅穆的炎帝陵前。這(zhe)里就是炎黃子(zi)孫拜謁先祖的圣地(di)。"炎帝陵"三字飄逸灑脫，為全(quan)國(guo)書協名譽主席啟功所題。
每年農歷7月7日及清(qing)明節(jie)的(de)炎(yan)帝(di)祭日，海內外各界民眾聚于炎(yan)帝(di)陵及炎(yan)帝(di)祠(ci)進行盛大的(de)公祭儀式，共同拜祭人文(wen)初(chu)祖--炎(yan)帝(di)。
地理位置
炎(yan)帝陵(ling)，位于陜西省(sheng)寶雞(ji)市渭濱區神農(nong)鎮境內的常羊山之上(shang)。
珍惜時光 
