位(wei)于山(shan)(shan)東巨野縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)27公(gong)里的大(da)謝(xie)集鎮昌(chang)(chang)邑(yi)集,是西漢(han)(han)山(shan)(shan)陽(yang)(yang)國,昌(chang)(chang)邑(yi)國的都城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng).1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),被公(gong)布為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)東省省級(ji)重點文物(wu)保護單位(wei). 昌(chang)(chang)邑(yi),春秋戰國時(shi)期(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)邑(yi),秦時(shi)設縣,西漢(han)(han)時(shi)期(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)郡(jun)(jun)治,景帝中元六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元144年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))分(fen)梁(liang)地,置山(shan)(shan)陽(yang)(yang)國,封梁(liang)孝王(wang)之子(zi)劉(liu)定為(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang),從此(ci)昌(chang)(chang)邑(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)就成為(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)國之都.漢(han)(han)武帝建(jian)元五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元前(qian)136年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)).改山(shan)(shan)劃國為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)陽(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun).天(tian)漢(han)(han)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元前(qian)97年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),乞討(tao)山(shan)(shan)陽(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)昌(chang)(chang)邑(yi)國,封期(qi)子(zi)劉(liu)骰為(wei)(wei)(wei)昌(chang)(chang)邑(yi)王(wang).劉(liu)骰在(zai)位(wei)十一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),死后其子(zi)劉(liu)賀繼位(wei).公(gong)元前(qian)74年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),漢(han)(han)昭(zhao)帝駕崩,因無(wu)子(zi)嗣,劉(liu)賀被征為(wei)(wei)(wei)帝位(wei),在(zai)位(wei)僅27天(tian),昏庸淫亂(luan),被大(da)將軍堆光(guang)廢為(wei)(wei)(wei)海昏候.漢(han)(han)宣帝本始元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元前(qian)73年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))改昌(chang)(chang)邑(yi)國為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)陽(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun),至東漢(han)(han),改為(wei)(wei)(wei)兗州刺史部.1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),1982年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),菏澤地區文物(wu)工作隊(dui)對該城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)進行了兩次調(diao)查勘探,探清古(gu)在(zai)平面略呈方(fang)形,檔城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)1215米(mi),西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)1377米(mi),北城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)1585米(mi),南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)1720米(mi).城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)分(fen)段(duan)板(ban)筑,土(tu)(tu)質為(wei)(wei)(wei)摻有(you)石(shi)灰的粘性黑土(tu)(tu),夯層9,10,11厘米(mi)不等.城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)現有(you)前(qian)昌(chang)(chang)邑(yi),后昌(chang)(chang)邑(yi),侯花園,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)角劉(liu)四(si)個(ge)村莊,范圍內發現大(da)量漢(han)(han)代遺物(wu)和少量的戰國遺物(wu),有(you)瓦,小(xiao)鼻(bi)罐,淺盤細柄豆,壺,銅鏃,鐵柱,弩機.陶井(jing)圈等.還(huan)發現了石(shi)磨(mo),石(shi)槽房屋基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi),釀造(zao)窯(yao)址(zhi)(zhi).另有(you)部分(fen)唐,寧,金元時(shi)期(qi)的遺物(wu)如:鐵釜,研究碗(wan),盤等.大(da)量的文化遺存,為(wei)(wei)(wei)我們研究古(gu)昌(chang)(chang)邑(yi)的歷史與興(xing)衰(shuai)提供了可靠的實物(wu)資料。
昌(chang)(chang)(chang)邑(yi)自(zi)(zi)古便是(shi)兵(bing)家必爭之(zhi)地,秦二(er)世二(er)年(nian)的(de)"楚(chu)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)之(zhi)戰(zhan)".漢(han)(han)(han)(han)景帝三年(nian)的(de)"七國之(zhi)乩(ji)"平(ping)叛之(zhi)戰(zhan)等都(dou)曾(ceng)發生在這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)里(li).昌(chang)(chang)(chang)邑(yi)又(you)是(shi)走蛟臥虎之(zhi)地,孕育出許(xu)多曠世梟(xiao)雄(xiong).西漢(han)(han)(han)(han)初,梁王彭越從(cong)(cong)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)里(li)揭竿,東漢(han)(han)(han)(han)末,費亭(ting)候曹操任(ren)兗州(zhou)牧于(yu)此.自(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)國至魏晉是(shi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)邑(yi)的(de)鼎盛時期,這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一帶(dai)是(shi)當時重要的(de)交通要道和冶(ye)造貿易中心.西漢(han)(han)(han)(han)時,昌(chang)(chang)(chang)邑(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)已有了自(zi)(zi)己(ji)的(de)冶(ye)鐵業和專門管理冶(ye)鐵的(de)鐵官,是(shi)當時全國49處(chu)從(cong)(cong)事鐵器(qi)生產(chan)的(de)官辦工業之(zhi)一.據(ju)<<漢(han)(han)(han)(han)書>>記(ji)載,當時昌(chang)(chang)(chang)邑(yi)從(cong)(cong)事冶(ye)鐵生產(chan)的(de)工役(yi)就是(shi)280從(cong)(cong)繁榮昌(chang)(chang)(chang)盛逐漸走向(xiang)衰(shuai)落(luo).迨至元末,黃河(he)幾次決口,厚厚的(de)泥(ni)沙把這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)座(zuo)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)湮沒在黃土(tu)之(zhi)下(xia),僅留下(xia)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)廓殘(can)桓隱約(yue)可現.據(ju)<<巨(ju)野縣巨(ju)志>>記(ji)載,明清(qing)時期,每當陰(yin)雨(yu)(yu)天,人們仍然(ran)隱隱約(yue)約(yue)看到(dao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)闕(que)形(xing).這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)就是(shi)野古八景之(zhi)一的(de)"昌(chang)(chang)(chang)邑(yi)煙雨(yu)(yu)".后人作憶秦娥(e)"昌(chang)(chang)(chang)邑(yi)懷古"贊日:煙雨(yu)(yu)歇,漠漠故城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雄(xiong)關堞.雄(xiong)關堞,殘(can)陽晚照,漢(han)(han)(han)(han)家陵闕(que).楚(chu)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)交兵(bing)流碧血,酈(li)商沖鋒(feng)泣壯(zhuang)烈(lie).泣壯(zhuang)烈(lie),彭王略(lve)地,千古英(ying)杰。
2013年5月,被國(guo)務院(yuan)核定公布為第七(qi)批全(quan)國(guo)文物保護單位。