黎城城隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)座落在縣城河下街,坐北向南。該廟(miao)始(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)宋天(tian)圣三(san)年(1025年)。城隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)將門作(zuo)(zuo)樓(lou),系(xi)三(san)層(ceng)重(zhong)檐,故俗(su)稱(cheng)三(san)節(jie)樓(lou)。現(xian)存建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑主要有門樓(lou)和正殿。門樓(lou)面闊三(san)間(jian)(jian),進深二間(jian)(jian),屬明代風(feng)(feng)格(ge)。臺基(ji)呈(cheng)長(chang)(chang)方形(xing),長(chang)(chang)18米,寬12米臺高(gao)2.35米。 門樓(lou)正中(zhong)橫掛一匾(bian),上書“群峰環翠”。屋(wu)頂(ding)形(xing)制為三(san)層(ceng)重(zhong)檐歇山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)。正脊、吻(wen)獸(shou)、垂獸(shou)、戧脊獸(shou)、套(tao)獸(shou),均為黃(huang)(huang)綠(lv)(lv)相間(jian)(jian)琉(liu)璃造(zao)。山(shan)(shan)花出際施博風(feng)(feng)板,懸魚作(zuo)(zuo)卷云(yun)如意(yi)式斗(dou)拱均為五(wu)鋪作(zuo)(zuo)雙下昂(ang)。用材粗壯宏大,巍然壯觀,為黎城古建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑之冠。正殿面闊五(wu)間(jian)(jian)、進深五(wu)間(jian)(jian),六椽(chuan)伏前后接乳,通檐用五(wu)柱,基(ji)本上為現(xian)代風(feng)(feng)格(ge),臺基(ji)邊(bian)長(chang)(chang)18米,呈(cheng)正方形(xing),臺高(gao)1.37米。 殿內(nei)一排前金枝,屋(wu)頂(ding)形(xing)制為懸山(shan)(shan)頂(ding),正脊、吻(wen)獸(shou)均為黃(huang)(huang)綠(lv)(lv)相間(jian)(jian)琉(liu)璃造(zao),斗(dou)拱均為五(wu)鋪作(zuo)(zuo)雙下昂(ang),威嚴肅穆(mu)。
山(shan)西(xi)省重點文(wen)(wen)物保護單位(wei)。在黎(li)城(cheng)(cheng)縣城(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)正街與河下街相交處(chu)北(bei)隅。坐北(bei)向南(nan),原為兩進(jin)院(yuan)布(bu)局,現(xian)僅存前院(yuan)。廟內(nei)前有山(shan)門、后(hou)有正殿,東西(xi)廂房左右配置,殿宇巍峨,飛檐(yan)凌(ling)空,紅(hong)墻(qiang)綠瓦,莊(zhuang)重古(gu)樸。歷為黎(li)邑一(yi)大勝景。體現(xian)了古(gu)代中國勞(lao)動人民(min)的聰(cong)明(ming)智慧和高(gao)超的建(jian)筑技藝。該廟創建(jian)年(nian)(nian)代無(wu)考,據清康(kang)熙二(er)十一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(1682)《黎(li)城(cheng)(cheng)縣志》和廟內(nei)碑刻(ke)記載(zai):北(bei)宋天(tian)(tian)圣三(san)年(nian)(nian)(1025)隨縣治遷變而(er)遷建(jian)于今址。元至正十八年(nian)(nian)(1358),農民(min)起義(yi)軍紅(hong)巾軍一(yi)支攻(gong)破黎(li)城(cheng)(cheng),城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟焚于兵火。明(ming)洪武二(er)年(nian)(nian)(1369)于舊(jiu)址重建(jian)。嘉靖十六年(nian)(nian)(1357)六月(yue)(yue),城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟山(shan)門古(gu)樓(lou)(lou)(俗(su)稱三(san)節樓(lou)(lou))傾(qing)塌(ta),縣民(min)縉(jin)紳等措資財于是月(yue)(yue)二(er)十九日(ri)(ri)興(xing)土再建(jian),于嘉靖十八年(nian)(nian)(1539)六月(yue)(yue)五日(ri)(ri)竣工。清康(kang)熙四十年(nian)(nian)(1701)二(er)月(yue)(yue)重修(xiu)。咸豐(feng)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(1853)八月(yue)(yue)二(er)十三(san)日(ri)(ri),太平天(tian)(tian)國北(bei)征軍林鳳(feng)翔所(suo)部,由潞入黎(li),攻(gong)打縣城(cheng)(cheng),三(san)節樓(lou)(lou)被燒毀。咸豐(feng)八年(nian)(nian)(1858)重建(jian)三(san)節樓(lou)(lou)。宣統(tong)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(1911)再次(ci)重修(xiu)。中華人民(min)共和國成立后(hou),黎(li)城(cheng)(cheng)縣人民(min)政府將其列(lie)入縣重點文(wen)(wen)物保護單位(wei)。1982年(nian)(nian)縣政府撥專款(kuan)進(jin)行了維修(xiu)彩繪。現(xian)已成為縣博物館館址。
三(san)節樓(lou)為(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟(miao)之門(men)(men)樓(lou)。因屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)形(xing)制(zhi)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)檐三(san)滴水,故名之。該樓(lou)面闊三(san)間(jian),進深兩間(jian),通(tong)高約20米(mi)(mi)。臺(tai)(tai)基高峙,磚(zhuan)石(shi)砌臺(tai)(tai),長18米(mi)(mi),寬12米(mi)(mi),高2.35米(mi)(mi)。平面布局呈長方(fang)形(xing)。屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)三(san)層重(zhong)檐歇(xie)山頂(ding)(ding)。樓(lou)內(nei)圓柱方(fang)額(e),斗(dou)拱(gong)密置,五踩斗(dou)拱(gong)雙下(xia)昂,昂呈琴面式(shi),梁架規整,結(jie)構(gou)緊俏。樓(lou)頂(ding)(ding)滿覆琉璃(li),貓頭滴水皆(jie)備。吻獸(shou)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)黃綠琉璃(li)相(xiang)間(jian),山花出際施博風、懸(xuan)魚(yu)、惹(re)草、懸(xuan)魚(yu)作如意式(shi),十(shi)(shi)分精制(zhi)。雖歷盡滄桑(sang)之變,仍(reng)保留著明代建筑風格。據明嘉靖三(san)十(shi)(shi)一年(1552)冬,邑人(ren)靳(jin)惟精撰(zhuan)《重(zhong)修城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟(miao)門(men)(men)樓(lou)記》載:“予謂,天下(xia)城(cheng)(cheng)隍皆(jie)有廟(miao),廟(miao)必有門(men)(men),門(men)(men)未(wei)必有樓(lou)也。唯此黎廟(miao)之門(men)(men)有樓(lou),意在(zai)飾(shi)廟(miao)云爾。自有宋天圣(sheng)三(san)年乙丑遷創今縣,高城(cheng)(cheng)深隍,其(qi)英靈之氣(qi)寓于(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)隍之中,而實超乎城(cheng)(cheng)隍之表(biao),萃而為(wei)(wei)神,受(shou)命于(yu)(yu)上帝以主(zhu)斯(si)土(tu)者,蓋(gai)五百二十(shi)(shi)八歲于(yu)(yu)今矣。其(qi)神棲(qi)有廟(miao),肇構(gou)莫稽。”
正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)位(wei)居門樓之(zhi)北(bei),面(mian)闊五(wu)(wu)間(jian)(jian),進深五(wu)(wu)間(jian)(jian),平面(mian)布局正(zheng)方(fang)形,屋頂形制(zhi)(zhi)懸山頂。圓柱圓梁,四椽栿(fa),通檐(yan)(yan)用五(wu)(wu)柱。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)減前(qian)金柱一(yi)排。前(qian)檐(yan)(yan)斗(dou)拱為(wei)五(wu)(wu)踩單下昂,明(ming)(ming)次間(jian)(jian)補間(jian)(jian)出斜拱。后(hou)檐(yan)(yan)斗(dou)拱為(wei)三踩當下昂。屋頂脊(ji)獸均為(wei)黃(huang)綠琉璃相間(jian)(jian)鴟吻、垂獸色調沉(chen)穩,制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)精(jing)細,系清(qing)代中期所燒(shao)制(zhi)(zhi)。廟(miao)內(nei)新(xin)建碑廊(lang)一(yi)座,長約26米。廊(lang)內(nei)鑲(xiang)嵌陳列北(bei)魏造(zao)(zao)像碑,隋螭首造(zao)(zao)像碑,隋、唐、五(wu)(wu)代時期的墓志(zhi)銘及明(ming)(ming)清(qing)官衙各類行政明(ming)(ming)文碑等二十余通(方(fang))。
城(cheng)隍廟(miao)(miao)在黎(li)城(cheng)縣(xian)城(cheng)內(nei)正(zheng)街。廟(miao)(miao)座(zuo)北向南,原為(wei)兩進院,現僅存前院。廟(miao)(miao)內(nei)前有山門,后有正(zheng)殿,東西廂房左右配置,殿宇巍峨,飛(fei)檐凌空,紅墻綠瓦,莊重(zhong)古樸,歷為(wei)黎(li)邑一(yi)大勝景。該廟(miao)(miao)創建(jian)(jian)年(nian)代無考,據清康熙《黎(li)城(cheng)縣(xian)志》和廟(miao)(miao)內(nei)碑(bei)刻記(ji)載,北宋天(tian)圣(sheng)三年(nian)(1025)隨縣(xian)治遷變而遷建(jian)(jian)于今址。
元至(zhi)正十(shi)八年(1358),農民起義軍紅巾軍一支攻破(po)黎城,城隍廟焚于兵火。明洪武二年(1369)于舊址(zhi)重建,明清各朝均有(you)修(xiu)葺。1982年縣政(zheng)府(fu)撥專款進(jin)行了維修(xiu)彩繪,現為(wei)(wei)縣博物館館址(zhi)。 三節樓為(wei)(wei)城隍廟之(zhi)門樓。因(yin)屋頂(ding)形(xing)制為(wei)(wei)重檐三滴水(shui),故名之(zhi)。該樓面闊三間(jian),進(jin)深兩間(jian),通高約20米(mi)。臺(tai)基(ji)高崎,磚石砌臺(tai),平面布局呈(cheng)長方形(xing)。屋頂(ding)為(wei)(wei)三層重檐歇山頂(ding),樓頂(ding)滿覆琉璃,裝修(xiu)十(shi)分精致,為(wei)(wei)明代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)建筑風格(ge)。
正殿(dian)位居(ju)門樓(lou)之北,面(mian)(mian)闊五間,進深五間,平面(mian)(mian)布局正方形(xing),屋(wu)(wu)頂形(xing)制懸山頂。圓柱圓梁,四椽袱對前(qian)(qian)后乳袱,通檐(yan)用五柱。殿(dian)內減前(qian)(qian)金柱一排。前(qian)(qian)檐(yan)斗(dou)拱(gong)為(wei)五踩雙下(xia)昂(ang),明次間補間出斜拱(gong)。后檐(yan)斗(dou)拱(gong)為(wei)三踩單下(xia)昂(ang)。屋(wu)(wu)頂脊(ji)獸均為(wei)黃綠琉璃相間,鴟(chi)吻、垂獸色調(diao)沉穩,制作精細,系清代中期所燒制。
廟內新建碑廊(lang),長26米(mi)。廊(lang)內鑲(xiang)嵌陳列(lie)北魏造像碑,隋螭首(shou)浮(fu)圖碑,隋、唐、五代(dai)時期的墓志銘及明清官衙各類行政明文碑等20余通(tong)。城隍廟現已成為縣城內一處重(zhong)要的游覽場所(suo)。
宋代(dai)(dai)(dai)民間(jian)普遍(bian)信仰,明代(dai)(dai)(dai)朱元璋(zhang)推崇(chong)有加。在(zai)宋代(dai)(dai)(dai),城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)信仰已是民間(jian)非常普遍(bian)的(de)信仰了(le),元代(dai)(dai)(dai)文宗天歷年間(jian),朝廷讓(rang)城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)爺(ye)配享夫人(ren),從此城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)廟(miao)里就(jiu)有了(le)寢(qin)殿,專門供奉城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)爺(ye)及城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)夫人(ren)。
到(dao)了明代,朱元(yuan)璋更是推崇(chong)有加,相(xiang)傳(chuan)朱元(yuan)璋稱(cheng)帝之前,曾經(jing)宿身城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)而(er)幸免大(da)難.朱元(yuan)璋稱(cheng)帝之后,于洪武元(yuan)年(公元(yuan)1368年),下旨封都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)為(wei)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)司顯佑(you)王,職(zhi)位正一(yi)品(pin);與(yu)朝(chao)廷(ting)(ting)的太師、太傅、太保(bao)“三公”和(he)左右丞相(xiang)平級。同時(shi)封各府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)為(wei)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)司民城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)威靈公、職(zhi)位正二品(pin);封州(zhou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)為(wei)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)司民城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)顯佑(you)侯,職(zhi)位正三品(pin);封縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)為(wei)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)司民城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)顯佑(you)伯,職(zhi)位正四品(pin)。正是在這一(yi)時(shi)期,各州(zhou)府(fu)縣(xian),紛紛修建(jian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)。都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)由皇(huang)(huang)帝親自勅建(jian),皇(huang)(huang)宮(gong)撥付銀兩,廟(miao)內住持由朝(chao)廷(ting)(ting)直(zhi)接任命,各府(fu)、州(zhou)、縣(xian)則按(an)照(zhao)等(deng)(deng)級,依次效(xiao)仿,規模等(deng)(deng)級完(wan)全(quan)參(can)照(zhao)地方官署衙門(men),按(an)級別配制冕毓官服。明洪武三年(公元(yuan)1370)年朝(chao)廷(ting)(ting)頒布了專門(men)祭祀城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)的典(dian)章制度。并下詔去(qu)除了城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)封號(hao),封京都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)為(wei)“都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)”。其它只(zhi)稱(cheng)某(mou)府(fu)某(mou)州(zhou)或某(mou)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)。