人(ren)物(wu)介紹李元諒(732),唐(tang)代安息(今伊朗)人(ren),本姓(xing)安,出生于伊斯蘭教世家。自幼由宦(huan)官駱(luo)(luo)奉(feng)先(xian)收養,改姓(xing)駱(luo)(luo),名元光。唐(tang)德(de)(de)宗(zong)時(shi)著名將領,曾數(shu)次參加(jia)平叛(pan),屢建功(gong)績,升(sheng)華(hua)州刺史,加(jia)檢(jian)校尚書左仆射,封武康(kang)郡(jun)王。德(de)(de)宗(zong)貞(zhen)元三年(787年),吐蕃向(xiang)大唐(tang)請(qing)和,雙(shuang)方商定會(hui)盟(meng)于平涼。吐蕃劫盟(meng),駱(luo)(luo)元光率(lv)部接應,救出會(hui)盟(meng)主帥渾瑊,其余隨(sui)行(xing)官員千余人(ren)皆被俘,當(dang)時(shi)如無駱(luo)(luo)元光的機(ji)智(zhi)果(guo)斷,則會(hui)全軍覆沒。故此,唐(tang)德(de)(de)宗(zong)予以嘉(jia)獎(jiang),并(bing)賜姓(xing)李氏,改名元諒。
貞元四年(788年),加封李元諒(liang)為(wei)隴右節度使(shi)(shi),駐守(shou)良(liang)原(今(jin)靈臺縣梁原)。不久又擴展(zhan)防區(qu),收復失地,新筑崇(chong)信城。貞元九年(793年)十一月,李元諒(liang)因積勞成疾,長眠(mian)于這(zhe)片他(ta)曾(ceng)為(wei)此付出了半(ban)生心血(xue)的地方(fang),享年六(liu)十二歲(sui)。根(gen)據他(ta)的遺愿,人(ren)們把(ba)他(ta)的墳墓筑在崇(chong)信縣城西北(bei)面(mian)的高山上。1981年9月10日,被甘肅省(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)民(min)政府公(gong)布(bu)為(wei)省(sheng)(sheng)級重點文物(wu)保護(hu)單位。武康王(wang)廟(miao):第五批全國重點文物(wu)保護(hu)單位。明、清(qing)時又名(ming)李元諒(liang)寢(qin)宮(gong)(gong),俗稱城隍廟(miao),為(wei)奉祀唐代武康郡王(wang)、隴右節度使(shi)(shi)李元諒(liang)而建。位于甘肅省(sheng)(sheng)平涼市(shi)崇(chong)信縣城東街。占地3337平方(fang)米,由寢(qin)宮(gong)(gong)和(he)拜殿組成。
梁(liang)、檁交接處用(yong)蜀柱(zhu)帶斗拱。斗拱用(yong)材較(jiao)大,斗拱與柱(zhu)子(zi)之比為 27%;檐(yan)柱(zhu)內傾(qing),柱(zhu)子(zi)斷面與高度(du)為1:8.13;屋(wu)頂(ding)平緩(huan),屋(wu)頂(ding)起坡與跨度(du)的比例為1:3.58。 拜殿面闊五間(jian),進深一(yi)間(jian),磚(zhuan)木結構,四檁卷棚頂(ding),兩山(shan)做成攢尖式樣。柱(zhu)頭施(shi)三踩單昂頭栱(gong),昂頭雕成象(xiang)鼻、虎頭、鳳頭,外拽瓜栱(gong)透雕行龍或卷草紋。
武康(kang)王廟是甘(gan)肅(su)保存的(de)為(wei)數不多的(de)有元代特點(dian)的(de)木構建筑(zhu)之一(yi),其鋪作形制(zhi)、材分制(zhi)度基本合(he)乎宋《營造法(fa)式(shi)》的(de)規定,但又融合(he)了明代手法(fa)和甘(gan)肅(su)地方工藝(yi),具有一(yi)定的(de)藝(yi)術價(jia)值和科學價(jia)值。2001年06月(yue)25日,武康(kang)王廟作為(wei)明、清(qing)時期古建筑(zhu),被國(guo)務院批準列入第五批全國(guo)重點(dian)文物保護單(dan)位名單(dan)。
據(ju)縣(xian)(xian)志記載,崇(chong)(chong)(chong)信人民(min)因他“開拓(tuo)疆土(tu),修(xiu)(xiu)筑(zhu)(zhu)鎮城(cheng),德被民(min)生(sheng),感恩王(wang)功(gong)”,于唐(tang)德宗貞元十(shi)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(797年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))前后,在縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)東門外一(yi)(yi)百二十(shi)步建(jian)祠塑像,春秋祭(ji)祀。宋哲宗紹圣四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1097年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)(chong)信知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)王(wang)需(xu)修(xiu)(xiu)繕廟(miao)(miao)貌。明(ming)(ming)太祖洪武(wu)(wu)(wu)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1370年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),縣(xian)(xian)民(min)李(li)斗等人遷(qian)建(jian)城(cheng)內。明(ming)(ming)英宗天順(shun)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1463年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)(chong)信知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)吉泰(tai)將原廟(miao)(miao)址內四根宋、元時(shi)期(qi)鐫(juan)刻石柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)移入,建(jian)亭(ting)于殿(dian)前。明(ming)(ming)神(shen)宗萬歷三(san)(san)十(shi)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1650年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)(chong)信知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)邊國(guo)(guo)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)以(yi)塑像主次不當,又未能變更(geng),將大(da)殿(dian)改為(wei)(wei)(wei)寢(qin)宮,另建(jian)正殿(dian)于前。明(ming)(ming)思(si)宗崇(chong)(chong)(chong)禎(zhen)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1633年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),兵燹殿(dian)亭(ting)俱毀,僅剩寢(qin)宮。清德宗光(guang)緒(xu)二十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1899年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)(chong)信知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)陳(chen)兆(zhao)康(kang)修(xiu)(xiu)繕大(da)殿(dian),并重修(xiu)(xiu)獻殿(dian)。1941年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)國(guo)(guo)政府(fu)對武(wu)(wu)(wu)康(kang)廟(miao)(miao)進行修(xiu)(xiu)繕,利用(yong)殿(dian)宇(yu)儲(chu)糧。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)華人民(min)共(gong)和(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)成立,武(wu)(wu)(wu)康(kang)王(wang)廟(miao)(miao)劃撥(bo)縣(xian)(xian)糧食部(bu)門使用(yong)。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月9日(ri),崇(chong)(chong)(chong)信縣(xian)(xian)人民(min)政府(fu)公(gong)布其(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)文物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護(hu)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)。1993年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)3月29日(ri),甘(gan)(gan)肅(su)省人民(min)政府(fu)公(gong)布其(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)第五批(pi)省級(ji)重點(dian)文物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護(hu)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)。2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月25日(ri),中(zhong)(zhong)華人民(min)共(gong)和(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)務院公(gong)布其(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)第五批(pi)全國(guo)(guo)重點(dian)文物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護(hu)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)。 現存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)武(wu)(wu)(wu)康(kang)王(wang)廟(miao)(miao)總(zong)體布局(ju)呈南北(bei)(bei)縱長(chang)形,建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)分別位(wei)于南北(bei)(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)軸(zhou)線上(shang)。武(wu)(wu)(wu)康(kang)王(wang)廟(miao)(miao)坐北(bei)(bei)向(xiang)南,面闊五間,進深三(san)(san)間,由內外兩(liang)周柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)網組成,建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)坐落在一(yi)(yi)個樸(pu)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)臺基上(shang),單(dan)(dan)(dan)檐(yan)(yan)歇山頂(ding),正面中(zhong)(zhong)間三(san)(san)間是格扇門,兩(liang)端盡間的(de)(de)(de)(de)山墻(qiang)和(he)(he)后部(bu)用(yong)厚實(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)墻(qiang)圍繞(rao)。外廊兩(liang)側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檐(yan)(yan)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)略(lve)向(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)心傾斜并逐漸升高,在古(gu)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)將這種做法稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)側(ce)腳(jiao)和(he)(he)升起。柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)和(he)(he)開間中(zhong)(zhong)又置以(yi)形式龐(pang)大(da)有(you)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)斗栱,上(shang)面挑出屋檐(yan)(yan),使人感覺屋頂(ding)非常雄(xiong)壯(zhuang)有(you)力(li)(li),莊重和(he)(he)諧。 武(wu)(wu)(wu)康(kang)王(wang)廟(miao)(miao)雖經明(ming)(ming)代遷(qian)建(jian)和(he)(he)續修(xiu)(xiu),但(dan)大(da)木構架還保(bao)留了宋代的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)特(te)色,它是甘(gan)(gan)肅(su)省乃至西北(bei)(bei)地區木構建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)保(bao)留早期(qi)構件較多、時(shi)代較早的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi),是研究西北(bei)(bei)地區古(gu)代建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)藝術和(he)(he)生(sheng)態(tai)環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)實(shi)依據(ju),具(ju)有(you)很高的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史價(jia)值。