人(ren)物介紹李元(yuan)諒(732),唐代安(an)(an)息(今伊(yi)朗)人(ren),本姓(xing)安(an)(an),出生于伊(yi)斯蘭教世家。自幼由宦官駱(luo)奉先(xian)收養,改(gai)姓(xing)駱(luo),名元(yuan)光。唐德宗時(shi)著名將領,曾(ceng)數次參加(jia)平叛(pan),屢建功績,升華(hua)州刺(ci)史,加(jia)檢校尚書左(zuo)仆射,封(feng)武康郡(jun)王。德宗貞元(yuan)三年(787年),吐蕃向(xiang)大(da)唐請和,雙方商定會盟(meng)于平涼。吐蕃劫(jie)盟(meng),駱(luo)元(yuan)光率(lv)部接應(ying),救出會盟(meng)主帥渾瑊,其余隨行官員千(qian)余人(ren)皆被俘,當(dang)時(shi)如無(wu)駱(luo)元(yuan)光的(de)機智(zhi)果斷,則會全軍覆沒。故此,唐德宗予(yu)以嘉獎,并賜(si)姓(xing)李氏,改(gai)名元(yuan)諒。
貞元四年(nian)(788年(nian)),加封(feng)李(li)元諒(liang)(liang)為(wei)隴(long)右節度使,駐(zhu)守良原(今靈臺縣(xian)梁原)。不(bu)久又擴展防區,收復失(shi)地(di),新(xin)筑崇(chong)信城(cheng)。貞元九年(nian)(793年(nian))十一月,李(li)元諒(liang)(liang)因積勞成(cheng)疾,長眠(mian)于這片(pian)他曾為(wei)此付(fu)出了半生(sheng)心血(xue)的(de)地(di)方,享年(nian)六十二歲。根(gen)據(ju)他的(de)遺(yi)愿,人們把他的(de)墳墓筑在(zai)崇(chong)信縣(xian)城(cheng)西北面的(de)高山上。1981年(nian)9月10日,被甘(gan)肅省(sheng)(sheng)人民(min)政(zheng)府公布為(wei)省(sheng)(sheng)級重點文(wen)物保(bao)護單位(wei)。武康(kang)(kang)王(wang)廟:第五批全國重點文(wen)物保(bao)護單位(wei)。明(ming)、清時(shi)又名李(li)元諒(liang)(liang)寢宮(gong),俗稱城(cheng)隍廟,為(wei)奉祀(si)唐代(dai)武康(kang)(kang)郡王(wang)、隴(long)右節度使李(li)元諒(liang)(liang)而建。位(wei)于甘(gan)肅省(sheng)(sheng)平(ping)(ping)涼市崇(chong)信縣(xian)城(cheng)東街。占(zhan)地(di)3337平(ping)(ping)方米,由寢宮(gong)和拜殿組成(cheng)。
梁、檁交(jiao)接處用(yong)蜀柱帶斗拱。斗拱用(yong)材較(jiao)大(da),斗拱與柱子(zi)之比為(wei) 27%;檐柱內(nei)傾,柱子(zi)斷面與高度為(wei)1:8.13;屋(wu)頂平(ping)緩,屋(wu)頂起坡與跨度的(de)比例(li)為(wei)1:3.58。 拜(bai)殿面闊(kuo)五間,進深一間,磚木結構,四檁卷棚頂,兩山做成(cheng)攢尖式樣。柱頭施(shi)三踩單昂(ang)頭栱,昂(ang)頭雕成(cheng)象鼻、虎頭、鳳頭,外拽瓜栱透雕行龍或卷草紋。
武康王廟(miao)是甘(gan)肅保存(cun)的為(wei)數不多的有元代(dai)特點(dian)的木構建筑之(zhi)一(yi),其鋪作形制、材(cai)分制度基本合乎宋(song)《營(ying)造(zao)法式》的規定(ding),但(dan)又(you)融(rong)合了明代(dai)手法和(he)(he)甘(gan)肅地方工(gong)藝(yi),具有一(yi)定(ding)的藝(yi)術(shu)價(jia)值和(he)(he)科學價(jia)值。2001年06月25日,武康王廟(miao)作為(wei)明、清時(shi)期古(gu)建筑,被(bei)國務院批準列(lie)入第五(wu)批全(quan)國重點(dian)文(wen)物保護單(dan)位(wei)名(ming)單(dan)。
據(ju)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志記載,崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)人民(min)(min)因他“開(kai)(kai)拓疆土,修筑(zhu)鎮城,德(de)被民(min)(min)生(sheng),感恩(en)王(wang)(wang)功”,于(yu)唐(tang)德(de)宗(zong)貞元十(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(797年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))前(qian)后(hou),在(zai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城東門外一(yi)百二十(shi)步建(jian)(jian)祠塑像(xiang),春(chun)秋祭祀。宋哲宗(zong)紹圣(sheng)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1097年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)王(wang)(wang)需修繕(shan)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)貌。明(ming)太祖洪武三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1370年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),縣(xian)(xian)(xian)民(min)(min)李斗(dou)等(deng)人遷(qian)建(jian)(jian)城內(nei)。明(ming)英宗(zong)天順七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1463年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)吉泰將原廟(miao)(miao)(miao)址內(nei)四根宋、元時期(qi)鐫刻石(shi)柱移入,建(jian)(jian)亭(ting)于(yu)殿前(qian)。明(ming)神(shen)宗(zong)萬歷三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1650年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)邊國柱以塑像(xiang)主次不當,又未能變更,將大(da)殿改為(wei)寢宮(gong),另建(jian)(jian)正殿于(yu)前(qian)。明(ming)思(si)宗(zong)崇(chong)(chong)禎六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1633年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),兵燹殿亭(ting)俱毀,僅剩寢宮(gong)。清德(de)宗(zong)光(guang)緒二十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1899年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)陳(chen)兆康(kang)修繕(shan)大(da)殿,并重修獻殿。1941年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),中華民(min)(min)國政府對武康(kang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)進行修繕(shan),利(li)用(yong)殿宇儲糧。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),中華人民(min)(min)共和(he)國成(cheng)立,武康(kang)王(wang)(wang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)劃撥縣(xian)(xian)(xian)糧食(shi)部(bu)(bu)門使用(yong)。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月9日,崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)人民(min)(min)政府公(gong)布(bu)(bu)其為(wei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)級文(wen)物保(bao)(bao)護單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)。1993年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)3月29日,甘肅(su)省人民(min)(min)政府公(gong)布(bu)(bu)其為(wei)第五批省級重點文(wen)物保(bao)(bao)護單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)。2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月25日,中華人民(min)(min)共和(he)國國務院公(gong)布(bu)(bu)其為(wei)第五批全國重點文(wen)物保(bao)(bao)護單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)。 現(xian)存的(de)武康(kang)王(wang)(wang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)總體(ti)布(bu)(bu)局呈南北(bei)縱(zong)長形,建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)分別位(wei)(wei)于(yu)南北(bei)中軸線上。武康(kang)王(wang)(wang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)坐北(bei)向(xiang)南,面(mian)闊五間(jian)(jian)(jian),進深三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian),由內(nei)外兩周柱網組成(cheng),建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)坐落在(zai)一(yi)個(ge)樸(pu)素的(de)臺基(ji)上,單(dan)(dan)檐歇(xie)山頂,正面(mian)中間(jian)(jian)(jian)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)是格扇(shan)門,兩端(duan)盡間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)山墻和(he)后(hou)部(bu)(bu)用(yong)厚實的(de)土墻圍繞(rao)。外廊兩側的(de)檐柱略向(xiang)中心傾斜(xie)并逐(zhu)漸升高,在(zai)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)上將這種做法(fa)稱為(wei)側腳和(he)升起。柱上和(he)開(kai)(kai)間(jian)(jian)(jian)中又置以形式龐(pang)大(da)有力的(de)斗(dou)栱(gong),上面(mian)挑(tiao)出屋檐,使人感覺(jue)屋頂非(fei)常(chang)雄壯有力,莊(zhuang)重和(he)諧。 武康(kang)王(wang)(wang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)雖(sui)經明(ming)代遷(qian)建(jian)(jian)和(he)續修,但大(da)木構(gou)(gou)架還保(bao)(bao)留了宋代的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)特(te)色(se),它是甘肅(su)省乃至(zhi)西(xi)北(bei)地(di)區木構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)中保(bao)(bao)留早(zao)期(qi)構(gou)(gou)件較(jiao)多、時代較(jiao)早(zao)的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)之一(yi),是研究西(xi)北(bei)地(di)區古(gu)代建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)藝(yi)術和(he)生(sheng)態環境的(de)真(zhen)實依據(ju),具有很高的(de)歷史價值。