連城要塞遺址和友誼關全(quan)國(guo)重點文物保(bao)護單位,近(jin)現代(dai)有(you)代(dai)表性(xing)的邊關建筑。位于廣(guang)西壯(zhuang)族自(zi)治(zhi)區北海市、防城港市、寧明縣(xian)、憑祥市、龍州縣(xian)、大新縣(xian)、靖西縣(xian)、那坡縣(xian)。
明(ming)(ming)清(qing)時代(dai)南方邊(bian)防連(lian)(lian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)要(yao)(yao)塞遺址自東而西分布在(zai)(zai)北海、防城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)至崇左、百色一線。主要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)(you)憑祥市北3公里處的大(da)連(lian)(lian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),清(qing)光(guang)緒十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1885年(nian)(nian)(nian))廣(guang)(guang)西提督(du)蘇(su)元春(chun)在(zai)(zai)此設大(da)本營,沿(yan)山(shan)(shan)脊山(shan)(shan)峰連(lian)(lian)續修筑(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)、炮(pao)臺(tai),故(gu)名大(da)連(lian)(lian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內有(you)(you)(you)練兵場(chang)、跑(pao)馬場(chang)、軍(jun)(jun)事(shi)指揮部(bu)“白玉(yu)洞”,現(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)、碉堡尚(shang)存。又(you)有(you)(you)(you)北海市鐵山(shan)(shan)港區營盤鎮的珍珠(zhu)(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),又(you)名白龍(long)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),建(jian)于明(ming)(ming)洪武年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(1368-1398年(nian)(nian)(nian)),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)中(zhong)間(jian)用珍珠(zhu)(zhu)貝殼摻和黃泥夯筑(zhu),故(gu)名珍珠(zhu)(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣表面(mian)砌青磚,長1106米(mi),高6米(mi),東西南北設門及城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓,登城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)可瞭望全城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和大(da)海。還有(you)(you)(you)龍(long)州縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西北5公里將山(shan)(shan)上的小連(lian)(lian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),也是清(qing)光(guang)緒十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)廣(guang)(guang)西提督(du)蘇(su)元春(chun)所(suo)建(jian),沿(yan)山(shan)(shan)巔筑(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)、設炮(pao)臺(tai),山(shan)(shan)峰間(jian)石墻(qiang)連(lian)(lian)環,內有(you)(you)(you)工(gong)事(shi)、兵房、火藥庫。主峰有(you)(you)(you)德國造大(da)炮(pao)一尊,其余山(shan)(shan)峰也有(you)(you)(you)軍(jun)(jun)事(shi)設施。半(ban)山(shan)(shan)石洞內保(bao)元宮(gong)是軍(jun)(jun)事(shi)指揮機構所(suo)在(zai)(zai)地,防御體系完整,為(wei)戍邊(bian)險塞要(yao)(yao)地。
著名的邊(bian)關(guan)(guan)友(you)誼關(guan)(guan)位于(yu)憑(ping)祥(xiang)市南(nan)(nan)大青山(shan)與(yu)(yu)金雞(ji)(ji)嶺之間(jian),南(nan)(nan)鄰越(yue)南(nan)(nan),是中越(yue)交通咽喉。與(yu)(yu)龍州水口關(guan)(guan)、平(ping)而(er)關(guan)(guan)并(bing)稱“南(nan)(nan)天邊(bian)陲三(san)關(guan)(guan)”。初(chu)名雍雞(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)、雞(ji)(ji)陵關(guan)(guan),后有(you)界(jie)首(shou)關(guan)(guan)、大南(nan)(nan)關(guan)(guan)等稱。明洪武(wu)年(nian)(nian)間(jian)(1368-1398年(nian)(nian))建關(guan)(guan),永樂年(nian)(nian)間(jian)(1403-1424年(nian)(nian))稱鎮夷關(guan)(guan),清初(chu)稱鎮南(nan)(nan)關(guan)(guan),1953年(nian)(nian)改稱睦(mu)南(nan)(nan)關(guan)(guan),1964年(nian)(nian)更今名。歷(li)史(shi)上(shang)(shang),1885年(nian)(nian)愛國(guo)將領馮(feng)子材率(lv)軍痛殲入侵法軍于(yu)此(ci)。清光緒(xu)年(nian)(nian)間(jian)(1875-1908年(nian)(nian)),廣西(xi)提(ti)督(du)蘇元春又(you)在關(guan)(guan)兩側山(shan)上(shang)(shang)筑炮(pao)臺(tai)、營(ying)壘防(fang)守。1965年(nian)(nian),友(you)誼關(guan)(guan)改建為(wei)拱式門和三(san)層關(guan)(guan)樓(lou)。額(e)書“友(you)誼關(guan)(guan)”為(wei)陳(chen)毅(yi)所(suo)書。此(ci)外(wai),友(you)誼關(guan)(guan)西(xi)側有(you)金雞(ji)(ji)山(shan)炮(pao)臺(tai),是中法戰爭(zheng)紀念(nian)地舊址(zhi)。中法戰爭(zheng)后提(ti)督(du)蘇元春為(wei)鞏固邊(bian)陲,用石材砌成鎮南(nan)(nan)、鎮中、鎮北三(san)座炮(pao)臺(tai),裝炮(pao)三(san)尊(zun),炮(pao)臺(tai)上(shang)(shang)有(you)指揮所(suo),下有(you)臥室(shi)、彈藥庫、地下室(shi),并(bing)有(you)石墻與(yu)(yu)友(you)誼關(guan)(guan)樓(lou)相連。