人物簡介
王(wang)詵(1036年(nian)(nian)(nian)-1093年(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou),一作1048年(nian)(nian)(nian)-1104年(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou))〔北宋〕字(zi)晉(jin)卿,太原(今(jin)屬(shu)山西)人,居(ju)開封(今(jin)屬(shu)河南)。出身貴族,娶英宗趙(zhao)曙(shu)之女蜀國公主為妻(qi),官駙馬(ma)都尉(wei)及定(ding)州觀察使、利州防御使。元(yuan)豐(feng)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1079年(nian)(nian)(nian))坐罪落(luo)駙馬(ma)都尉(wei),責授昭化軍節度行(xing)軍司馬(ma),均州安(an)置,移潁州。元(yuan)祐元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1086年(nian)(nian)(nian)),復登(deng)州刺史、駙馬(ma)都尉(wei)。卒諡榮安(an)。能詩善畫,亦工詞,詞風清麗,然欠豐(feng)容(rong)宛轉。今(jin)有趙(zhao)萬里輯《王(wang)晉(jin)卿詞》。
其家筑“寶繪堂(tang)”,藏歷代法(fa)書名畫(hua)日夕(xi)觀摩,精于鑒賞,蘇(su)軾(shi)為之記。廣交(jiao)蘇(su)軾(shi)、黃庭(ting)堅、米(mi)芾、秦(qin)觀、李(li)(li)公(gong)麟(lin)等(deng)眾多文人雅(ya)士,“析奇賞異”,酬詩(shi)唱(chang)和,李(li)(li)公(gong)麟(lin)曾(ceng)畫(hua)《西園雅(ya)集圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)》以(yi)紀(ji)勝,其風(feng)流蘊藉有(you)(you)王謝(xie)家風(feng)氣(qi)。能詩(shi),亦(yi)工山水,學李(li)(li)成皴法(fa),以(yi)李(li)(li)思訓金碧統(tong)之,溶兩家法(fa)規而出新意,在水墨(mo)(mo)勾皴基礎上,“不(bu)古不(bu)今(jin),自成一家”,獨具風(feng)貌(mao)。喜畫(hua)“煙江(jiang)遠(yuan)壑,柳溪漁(yu)浦,晴(qing)嵐絕澗,寒林幽(you)谷,桃溪葦村”等(deng)他人難狀(zhuang)之景,將錦繡河山展(zhan)現(xian)畫(hua)幅中,深得好評。蘇(su)軾(shi)謂其“得破(po)墨(mo)(mo)三昧”,有(you)(you)“鄭虔(qian)三絕居(ju)有(you)(you)二,筆執挽(wan)回三百年(nian)”句。兼寫墨(mo)(mo)竹,學文同。亦(yi)工書,真、行、草、隸皆精。《宣(xuan)和畫(hua)譜》著錄御府藏其作品(pin)(pin)有(you)(you)《幽(you)谷春歸圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)》《晴(qing)嵐曉(xiao)景圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)》《煙嵐晴(qing)曉(xiao)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)》《煙江(jiang)疊(die)嶂(zhang)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)》等(deng)35件。傳世作品(pin)(pin)有(you)(you)《漁(yu)村小雪圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)》卷,現(xian)藏故(gu)宮博(bo)物(wu)院;《煙江(jiang)疊(die)嶂(zhang)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)》卷,藏上海博(bo)物(wu)館。
王詵妻寶安公主(1051年-1080年),宋(song)英宗第二女,母宣(xuan)仁(ren)圣烈皇后(hou)。
嘉祐八年(nian)(nian)(1063年(nian)(nian)),封(feng)寶安公(gong)主。宋(song)神宗(zong)即位,進舒國(guo)長(chang)公(gong)主,改蜀國(guo)長(chang)公(gong)主,下嫁左(zuo)衛將軍(jun)王詵。
王詵母(mu)盧(lu)氏寡居,公(gong)主(zhu)住(zhu)在(zai)近處,每天給婆(po)(po)婆(po)(po)進獻美食(shi)。盧(lu)氏生病,公(gong)主(zhu)親自調和湯劑奉上。皇帝厚待姊(zi)妹,因(yin)此公(gong)主(zhu)府第(di)池花園服飾珍玩極其(qi)華麗。公(gong)主(zhu)因(yin)不能每天在(zai)寶慈宮服侍宣仁皇后(hou),常常郁(yu)郁(yu)不樂。有時(shi)干熱不雨(yu),宋神宗減少(shao)享受以祈禱,公(gong)主(zhu)也是如此,說(shuo):“我(wo)的俸祿皆出于朝(chao)廷,固(gu)應同同喜同悲。”宋神宗為慈圣光獻皇后(hou)居喪(sang),哀傷過(guo)度(du),公(gong)主(zhu)說(shuo):“吾與皇上同母(mu)所生,視此亦復保聊(liao)!”馬上遣散歌(ge)舞三十人。
元豐三(san)(san)年(1080年),公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)病篤。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)性不(bu)妒忌,王詵以是放(fang)縱自(zi)己,曾經被貶官。高(gao)太后(hou)親臨探病,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)已不(bu)省人事(shi),太后(hou)大哭(ku),公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)很久后(hou)稍能說話,說自(zi)己必定好不(bu)起(qi)來了(le),握著(zhu)母親的手哭(ku)泣。宋神宗隨(sui)后(hou)到達,親自(zi)為公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)診(zhen)脈,端(duan)著(zhu)粥(zhou)喂公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)勉強為皇(huang)帝(di)都(dou)吃了(le)。皇(huang)帝(di)賜公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)金帛六千,再問有什么要求,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)只是請(qing)恢復(fu)王詵官職(zhi)而已。這時,宋神宗命(ming)王詵官復(fu)原職(zhi),來安慰(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。第二天,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)薨逝,年三(san)(san)十歲。宋神宗未沒有吃飯即駕往,望第門而哭(ku),輟朝五日。追封(feng)越國長(chang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),謚賢惠。后(hou)進封(feng)大長(chang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),累改秦、荊、魏三(san)(san)國大長(chang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。
公主好讀古文,喜筆札,周濟(ji)親屬,朝野內(nei)外稱賢。王詵不拘小節,和小妾在公主身邊為非作(zuo)歹,小妾常常觸犯公主。公主去(qu)世(shi)后(hou),乳母(mu)告發,宋神宗命徹底追查,杖打八(ba)妾并(bing)把她們婚配兵卒(zu)。公主既葬(zang),貶謫王詵到均州(zhou)。子王彥弼(bi),三歲(sui)去(qu)世(shi)。