史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)出身(shen)于(yu)農耕之(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)(jia),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)父親(qin)名史(shi)(shi)紹南,粗(cu)通文墨。史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)自幼聰穎好學(xue)(xue),不(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)寒(han)暑(shu),刻(ke)苦(ku)讀書(shu)。他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)天性至孝。一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)母親(qin)染病(bing),服(fu)藥無效,他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)于(yu)焦慮(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)中,竟(jing)學(xue)(xue)古(gu)人(ren)割(ge)股肉和(he)藥為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母療(liao)疾,在(zai)當(dang)地(di)被傳為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)佳(jia)話(hua)。官府為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)專(zhuan)門上(shang)(shang)報(bao)朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting),以(yi)(yi)“孝子(zi)(zi)”名分(fen)得(de)授錢糧。十六歲時(shi)(shi),史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)考取(qu)秀才(cai)。明朝(chao)(chao)崇禎十三年(nian)(nian)(nian),考取(qu)舉人(ren)。后(hou)見(jian)明朝(chao)(chao)風雨飄(piao)搖,知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)國祚不(bu)(bu)(bu)長,遂(sui)斷絕(jue)入仕之(zhi)(zhi)念,未(wei)繼續參(can)加(jia)會(hui)(hui)試。史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了幫助父親(qin)維持全家(jia)(jia)生(sheng)計,便(bian)在(zai)鄉(xiang)學(xue)(xue)以(yi)(yi)授課(ke)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)業。清朝(chao)(chao)定鼎(ding)中原后(hou),朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)頻(pin)頻(pin)來(lai)(lai)(lai)召,他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)屢屢拒之(zhi)(zhi)。后(hou)見(jian)政局穩定,大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)批(pi)漢人(ren)紛紛入仕,遂(sui)在(zai)父母的(de)督促下(xia)(xia),決定參(can)加(jia)鄉(xiang)試,史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與嚴我斯、蔡啟僔(zun)同(tong)舉順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甲(jia)午科(ke)浙江鄉(xiang)試,三狀(zhuang)元鄉(xiang)試同(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)榜,傳為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)佳(jia)話(hua)。順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十二年(nian)(nian)(nian),史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)赴京(jing)會(hui)(hui)試,在(zai)會(hui)(hui)試中,成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)漢人(ren)南人(ren)榜第(di)(di)十八名貢(gong)士。史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)參(can)加(jia)廷(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)試,讀卷(juan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)臣(chen)并(bing)未(wei)將(jiang)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)首卷(juan),只將(jiang)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)卷(juan)子(zi)(zi)列為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)(di)三。順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)閱(yue)罷他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)卷(juan)子(zi)(zi),說此(ci)卷(juan)“文氣光昌,字法(fa)敬(jing)慎,必(bi)端人(ren)也(ye)(ye)。”殿試中,史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)如(ru)有(you)神助,竟(jing)被順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)特拔,奪(duo)得(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)甲(jia)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)名,以(yi)(yi)狀(zhuang)元及第(di)(di),被授翰林(lin)(lin)院修撰,時(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)40歲。順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十五年(nian)(nian)(nian),史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)戊戌科(ke)會(hui)(hui)試同(tong)考官,隨充日講官。在(zai)京(jing)城任(ren)職(zhi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian),因父有(you)病(bing)告假(jia)(jia),回(hui)歸鄉(xiang)里。史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)乃史(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)長子(zi)(zi),且為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)惟一(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)京(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)官之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)。此(ci)時(shi)(shi),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)父親(qin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)老(lao)(lao)體(ti)弱(ruo)多病(bing)。由于(yu)史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)狀(zhuang)元及第(di)(di)后(hou),數年(nian)(nian)(nian)未(wei)歸,疾病(bing)纏身(shen)的(de)父親(qin)自然對(dui)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)十分(fen)思(si)念。他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)知(zhi)道,當(dang)時(shi)(shi)朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)有(you)規定,在(zai)京(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)官者(zhe),只有(you)在(zai)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)期(qi)的(de)“京(jing)察(cha)”后(hou),方可回(hui)鄉(xiang)省親(qin),而(er)兒子(zi)(zi)在(zai)京(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)官時(shi)(shi)間僅(jin)三四年(nian)(nian)(nian),離省親(qin)尚(shang)遠。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)解思(si)念之(zhi)(zhi)苦(ku),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)便(bian)請(qing)當(dang)地(di)的(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)位畫(hua)(hua)家(jia)(jia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)自己繪了一(yi)(yi)(yi)幅畫(hua)(hua)像寄(ji)給兒子(zi)(zi),并(bing)讓兒子(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)畫(hua)(hua)一(yi)(yi)(yi)幅自己的(de)畫(hua)(hua)像寄(ji)回(hui)家(jia)(jia)中。史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)接(jie)到了父親(qin)的(de)來(lai)(lai)(lai)信和(he)畫(hua)(hua)像后(hou),不(bu)(bu)(bu)由大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)慟。他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)意識到,本來(lai)(lai)(lai)就多病(bing)的(de)父親(qin)以(yi)(yi)此(ci)來(lai)(lai)(lai)解思(si)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)苦(ku)。他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)神慌意亂(luan),晨夕難(nan)安。經(jing)過激烈的(de)思(si)想(xiang)斗(dou)爭,決定給順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)上(shang)(shang)疏(shu)。他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)在(zai)疏(shu)書(shu)中說:“臣(chen)父思(si)子(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)見(jian),思(si)見(jian)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)儀容;呼(hu)子(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)來(lai)(lai)(lai),頻(pin)呼(hu)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)名字。臣(chen)若忍(ren)此(ci),不(bu)(bu)(bu)可以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)子(zi)(zi),亦何以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)臣(chen)!”順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)覽此(ci)疏(shu),竟(jing)淚眼盈眶,心生(sheng)惻隱之(zhi)(zhi)情(qing),特地(di)批(pi)準(zhun)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)請(qing)假(jia)(jia)回(hui)家(jia)(jia),奉養(yang)父母以(yi)(yi)終天年(nian)(nian)(nian)。并(bing)且下(xia)(xia)詔將(jiang)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)“京(jing)察(cha)”改為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)“京(jing)察(cha)”。史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)對(dui)順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)的(de)格外開恩(en)感激涕零,表謝再(zai)三。將(jiang)手頭事務向(xiang)翰林(lin)(lin)院大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)士交卸(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),便(bian)匆(cong)匆(cong)上(shang)(shang)路。不(bu)(bu)(bu)想(xiang)途中,便(bian)遇(yu)到專(zhuan)程(cheng)赴京(jing)向(xiang)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)報(bao)喪(sang)(sang)的(de)人(ren)。原來(lai)(lai)(lai),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)父親(qin)已十天前辭(ci)世。他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)突聞噩(e)耗,竟(jing)昏倒(dao)在(zai)地(di),經(jing)搶(qiang)救后(hou)方才(cai)蘇醒,醒后(hou)便(bian)哀號不(bu)(bu)(bu)止(zhi),以(yi)(yi)致病(bing)倒(dao)。回(hui)到家(jia)(jia)中,又(you)忙于(yu)操辦(ban)喪(sang)(sang)事,悲哀加(jia)忙碌,終于(yu)臥床不(bu)(bu)(bu)起。身(shen)體(ti)稍微(wei)有(you)些起色,便(bian)向(xiang)順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)上(shang)(shang)疏(shu),匯報(bao)其(qi)(qi)事,并(bing)請(qing)求在(zai)家(jia)(jia)守制三年(nian)(nian)(nian)。服(fu)闋期(qi)滿,又(you)見(jian)母親(qin)身(shen)體(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)佳(jia),再(zai)次(ci)(ci)上(shang)(shang)書(shu)朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting),請(qing)求在(zai)家(jia)(jia)奉養(yang)老(lao)(lao)母,并(bing)且一(yi)(yi)(yi)居便(bian)是十年(nian)(nian)(nian)。據說他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)在(zai)家(jia)(jia)住了三年(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou),當(dang)地(di)官吏見(jian)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)母親(qin)身(shen)體(ti)尚(shang)健(jian),便(bian)向(xiang)朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)劾(he)舉他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)欺騙朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci),朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)曾多次(ci)(ci)召其(qi)(qi)返(fan)京(jing)復(fu)職(zhi),但是,他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)卻不(bu)(bu)(bu)予理會(hui)(hui),常對(dui)人(ren)說:“豈能以(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)官之(zhi)(zhi)職(zhi)而(er)易一(yi)(yi)(yi)日之(zhi)(zhi)養(yang)乎(hu)!”而(er)后(hou),又(you)因他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)母親(qin)去世,丁憂在(zai)家(jia)(jia)。朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)見(jian)史(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)屢召不(bu)(bu)(bu)還(huan),遂(sui)將(jiang)其(qi)(qi)削(xue)職(zhi)。
康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)帝即位,史大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)守(shou)(shou)喪期滿(man),因康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)親政(zheng)大(da)(da)(da)赦天下而得免(mian)于追究。康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian),史大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)充任(ren)順(shun)(shun)天武(wu)闈鄉(xiang)試主(zhu)考(kao)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian),史大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)任(ren)順(shun)(shun)天鄉(xiang)試主(zhu)考(kao),康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(1672),由(you)侍(shi)(shi)讀學(xue)(xue)士升為(wei)(wei)內(nei)閣學(xue)(xue)士、經(jing)筵日(ri)講起居注官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)十(shi)二年(nian)(nian),史大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)升為(wei)(wei)禮部(bu)(bu)左(zuo)侍(shi)(shi)郎兼翰林(lin)院(yuan)學(xue)(xue)士。康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)十(shi)三年(nian)(nian),轉為(wei)(wei)禮部(bu)(bu)右侍(shi)(shi)郎至(zhi)仕。康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)十(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian),任(ren)殿(dian)試讀卷官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)。史大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)屢掌文衡,始終盡心盡力,廉潔公正,恪盡職(zhi)守(shou)(shou),按才(cai)選擇,唯(wei)才(cai)是(shi)舉。史大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)曾(ceng)多次(ci)(ci)典司科考(kao),被認(ren)為(wei)(wei)是(shi)稱職(zhi)的(de)考(kao)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。在康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)年(nian)(nian)間(jian),史大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)奉(feng)詔返(fan)京,充任(ren)講官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),累官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)至(zhi)禮部(bu)(bu)左(zuo)侍(shi)(shi)郎,數次(ci)(ci)主(zhu)持順(shun)(shun)天鄉(xiang)試及(ji)會(hui)試,且政(zheng)聲卓著(zhu),空(kong)前絕后。康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)十(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian),史大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)退休辭官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。史大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)曾(ceng)充任(ren)日(ri)講官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、經(jing)筵講官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng),為(wei)(wei)皇帝及(ji)滿(man)族(zu)貴族(zu)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)員講解漢族(zu)傳統文化(hua)。使(shi)漢、滿(man)民(min)族(zu)增進了解。當(dang)朝議(yi)各執(zhi)己見時,他(ta)善于綜(zong)合(he)、折衷,以達(da)到融和(he)。據說在他(ta)任(ren)主(zhu)考(kao)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)時,有(you)(you)人上書康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)皇帝,建議(yi)免(mian)除朝廷對(dui)孝(xiao)子(zi)節(jie)婦(fu)(fu)的(de)糧米供(gong)(gong)給,他(ta)們(men)說:“孝(xiao)順(shun)(shun)父母,為(wei)(wei)丈夫(fu)守(shou)(shou)節(jie),是(shi)他(ta)們(men)份(fen)內(nei)之事,與(yu)(yu)朝廷何(he)干(gan)?”史大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)對(dui)這(zhe)種議(yi)論予(yu)以堅決駁斥(chi),他(ta)說:“為(wei)(wei)子(zi)不(bu)(bu)孝(xiao),為(wei)(wei)婦(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)貞,又與(yu)(yu)朝廷何(he)干(gan)?但為(wei)(wei)何(he)卻要對(dui)他(ta)們(men)繩之以法(fa)?”康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)對(dui)他(ta)的(de)意(yi)見十(shi)分(fen)贊賞,令對(dui)孝(xiao)子(zi)節(jie)婦(fu)(fu)之糧米供(gong)(gong)應(ying)不(bu)(bu)得減(jian)免(mian)。他(ta)淡泊名(ming)利(li)。曾(ceng)為(wei)(wei)服侍(shi)(shi)父母削籍革職(zhi),他(ta)泰(tai)然處(chu)之,棄(qi)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)職(zhi)如(ru)棄(qi)敝履。但為(wei)(wei)民(min)辦事卻記在心中。即使(shi)棄(qi)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在鄉(xiang),也(ye)廣行(xing)善事。他(ta)捐資(zi),首創義修家鄉(xiang)水利(li)。他(ta)的(de)母親去世(shi)后,曾(ceng)返(fan)京復職(zhi),不(bu)(bu)久以疾辭官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。康(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)二十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)卒于鄉(xiang)里。史大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)擅長于詩(shi)文,尤善制舉業文,士子(zi)多敬重和(he)效(xiao)法(fa)。著(zhu)有(you)(you)《八(ba)行(xing)堂詩(shi)文》。