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基本介紹

汕頭(tou)市潮南區(qu)較大(da)的水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)——秋風水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)，位于(yu)區(qu)境大(da)南山北麓，是(shi)練(lian)江最大(da)支(zhi)流(liu)兩英河上游控制(zhi)性水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)。庫(ku)水(shui)(shui)面縱橫(heng)3公(gong)里，控制(zhi)集(ji)雨面積105平方公(gong)里，總(zong)庫(ku)容6384萬立方米。現(xian)土壩高28米、面寬6米、全長2049米；泄洪閘2座，最大(da)泄洪流(liu)量452立方米每秒。

景點景觀

秋風嶺水(shui)庫位于潮南區西(xi)南部，因處原秋風嶺村(cun)(已移(yi))北側而得名(ming)。建成于1959年11月，是汕頭市(shi)大的(de)一(yi)宗以攔洪(hong)蓄水(shui)為主，控制集雨面(mian)積105．1平(ping)方公里(li)（含上游紅(hong)場水(shui)庫集雨面(mian)積），總庫容6903萬(wan)立方米，兼(jian)顧灌溉、供(gong)水(shui)、發(fa)(fa)電(dian)等綜合利用(yong)的(de)中型(xing)水(shui)庫，建成以來，有效地(di)治理了練江(jiang)流域的(de)水(shui)旱(han)災害，解決了下游10．2萬(wan)畝農田(tian)灌溉和6個鎮近50萬(wan)人口的(de)飲水(shui)問題，促(cu)進了工農業(ye)生產的(de)發(fa)(fa)展。作(zuo)為治理練江(jiang)水(shui)旱(han)災害的(de)主要骨干工程(cheng)，40多年來發(fa)(fa)揮著攔洪(hong)蓄水(shui)、發(fa)(fa)電(dian)、灌溉、供(gong)水(shui)等綜合效益。

歷史沿革

歷史上兩(liang)英(ying)河中下游(you)兩(liang)岸水旱災害頻繁，降100多毫米暴雨，洪水往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)沖決堤防(fang)，并瀉入(ru)練江平原泛濫；遇旱則上游(you)源流枯竭，加上練江咸(xian)潮上涌(yong)而致旱咸(xian)為害；歷代的(de)爭水械斗，更(geng)是屢(lv)見不鮮。

中(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)民(min)共和(he)國(guo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立(li)后，群(qun)眾迫切(qie)要求建(jian)(jian)設水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)，人(ren)民(min)政府把(ba)它列為議事日程(cheng)(cheng)，多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)次組(zu)織勘測。1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)土改時(shi)即已預留(liu)移民(min)房(fang)屋(wu)與耕地(di)(di)；1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)，縣(xian)(xian)黨代會通過(guo)建(jian)(jian)設秋(qiu)風(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)的(de)(de)決議，并(bing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立(li)以(yi)郭春為主(zhu)任（縣(xian)(xian)委第一(yi)(yi)書(shu)記兼）的(de)(de)“籌建(jian)(jian)委員會”；1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)(kai)展庫(ku)(ku)(ku)區移民(min)遷安(an)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)；1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)正式開(kai)(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。由(you)兩英、司馬浦、峽山(shan)(shan)(shan)、臚崗、和(he)平、陳(chen)店、銅盂(yu)等(deng)一(yi)(yi)萬(wan)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)上(shang)(shang)(shang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)地(di)(di)，實行(xing)三(san)班制日夜施工(gong)(gong)(gong)。當時(shi)縣(xian)(xian)內(nei)大批工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)同時(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)馬，人(ren)力(li)物資極(ji)度緊(jin)缺(que)，但受(shou)益(yi)區群(qun)眾表現(xian)極(ji)大積極(ji)性，一(yi)(yi)切(qie)服從水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)建(jian)(jian)設需(xu)要。1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)12日的(de)(de)臺風(feng)(feng)暴(bao)雨(yu)，洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)猛(meng)漲至(zhi)38．38米(mi)高程(cheng)(cheng)，時(shi)土壩(ba)頂(ding)(ding)高程(cheng)(cheng)只達40．06米(mi)，風(feng)(feng)浪沖濺過(guo)壩(ba)頂(ding)(ding)，4000多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)干部群(qun)眾不顧家中(zhong)受(shou)災，頂(ding)(ding)風(feng)(feng)冒(mao)雨(yu)搶(qiang)險護壩(ba)，避(bi)免一(yi)(yi)場(chang)垮壩(ba)巨災。1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)土壩(ba)，又組(zu)織2萬(wan)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進行(xing)灌(guan)區渠(qu)(qu)道工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)配套，至(zhi)1960年(nian)(nian)(nian)夏，完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)100多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)公(gong)里的(de)(de)干、支渠(qu)(qu)道配套。在水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)后的(de)(de)40多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)次進行(xing)加(jia)固、擴建(jian)(jian)與配套，主(zhu)要有1964—1965年(nian)(nian)(nian)，建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壩(ba)后水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)內(nei)澇(lao)地(di)(di)區電(dian)(dian)動排灌(guan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)；水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)擴建(jian)(jian)，土壩(ba)加(jia)高2米(mi)、面(mian)(mian)加(jia)寬4米(mi)以(yi)及灌(guan)區全(quan)面(mian)(mian)改建(jian)(jian)加(jia)固渠(qu)(qu)系(xi)與建(jian)(jian)筑物，使(shi)灌(guan)區達10．2萬(wan)畝、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)校(xiao)核標準(zhun)達200年(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)(yi)遇。1975—1976年(nian)(nian)(nian)，將上(shang)(shang)(shang)金溪、利陂等(deng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)27平方公(gong)里區間洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，截引(yin)入(ru)秋(qiu)風(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)，通過(guo)圓(yuan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)泄洪(hong)閘排出南(nan)海；上(shang)(shang)(shang)游興建(jian)(jian)紅(hong)場(chang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)，使(shi)秋(qiu)風(feng)(feng)安(an)全(quan)標準(zhun)達千(qian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)(yi)遇校(xiao)核。40多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)，累計（不包括(kuo)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)截洪(hong)與紅(hong)場(chang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)）完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)土方340多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)萬(wan)立(li)萬(wan)米(mi)、石方11．5萬(wan)立(li)方米(mi)，投放勞力(li)960多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)萬(wan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)日，建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)這座多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)種效(xiao)用(yong)的(de)(de)樞紐(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，主(zhu)要效(xiao)益(yi)：控制區間105．1平方公(gong)里的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)洪(hong)直(zhi)接排出南(nan)海（占本縣(xian)(xian)練(lian)(lian)江(jiang)(jiang)流域山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)三(san)分之一(yi)(yi)），解除兩英河洪(hong)災，大大減輕練(lian)(lian)江(jiang)(jiang)澇(lao)災，最大灌(guan)溉(gai)10萬(wan)畝；回(hui)收(shou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)游紅(hong)場(chang)3級水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)發電(dian)(dian)尾水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，改善(shan)壩(ba)后電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)發電(dian)(dian)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為縣(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)發電(dian)(dian)主(zhu)力(li)，累計4個梯級電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)從投運(yun)至(zhi)今已發電(dian)(dian)10223．4萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)。此時(shi)還供(gong)(gong)(gong)縣(xian)(xian)魚苗場(chang)、養鰻場(chang)、布(bu)廠(chang)等(deng)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，至(zhi)1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)，累計提供(gong)(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)與生(sheng)(sheng)活用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)17．57億立(li)方米(mi)，發電(dian)(dian)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)14．68億立(li)方米(mi)。1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)又開(kai)(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)興建(jian)(jian)受(shou)益(yi)練(lian)(lian)江(jiang)(jiang)片(pian)5個鎮96個村的(de)(de)秋(qiu)風(feng)(feng)自來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)廠(chang)。該(gai)項工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后，作(zuo)為粵(yue)東地(di)(di)區大的(de)(de)以(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)為水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)統，將南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)清泉，通過(guo)輸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管道網(wang)送給練(lian)(lian)江(jiang)(jiang)平原千(qian)家萬(wan)戶，改善(shan)50多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)萬(wan)人(ren)民(min)的(de)(de)飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源。秋(qiu)風(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)的(de)(de)經濟效(xiao)益(yi)、社會環境效(xiao)益(yi)從此更(geng)加(jia)明顯(xian)。

由于(yu)水(shui)庫建(jian)設受(shou)當(dang)時歷史(shi)條件限制，設計標準低，質量差(cha)，雖經多次加固、擴(kuo)建(jian)與(yu)配套，主要建(jian)筑(zhu)物仍(reng)存在不同程(cheng)度的險(xian)患，2000年被(bei)測定為三(san)類險(xian)壩。

為消除水庫安(an)全隱患，實現安(an)全達標，2002年經省(sheng)批準(zhun)立項同(tong)意計(ji)劃投(tou)入資金5266萬(wan)元，按50年一遇(yu)洪水標準(zhun)設計(ji)，100年一遇(yu)洪水標準(zhun)校核進(jin)行除險加固。