武功古(gu)城(cheng)座落在在漆水(shui)河(he)、漠峪(yu)河(he)、湋河(he)三(san)水(shui)匯合之處,孕育了中華(hua)民族的(de)祖先(xian)炎(yan)帝和黃(huang)帝。古(gu)人云:“未看(kan)山(shan)(shan)時先(xian)看(kan)水(shui),有山(shan)(shan)無水(shui)休尋地。水(shui)是(shi)地的(de)血氣,得(de)水(shui)為尚。”漆水(shui)逶迤(yi),繞城(cheng)而(er)過(guo),小橋流(liu)水(shui),盡收眼(yan)底:中亭川(chuan)橫貫南北(bei),一馬(ma)平川(chuan),村野棋(qi)布,禾黍(shu)滿園。古(gu)絲路連(lian)接東(dong)西,髙岸(an)為陵(ling),斷崖如山(shan)(shan),莽(mang)原起伏,草(cao)樹(shu)煙嵐。
古(gu)人(ren)曾道:“三峰遠(yuan)映嵐光合,二水(shui)分(fen)流城市(shi)連(lian)”。這(zhe)五(wu)千年的歷史古(gu)城,負載著(zhu)風雨蒼桑,書寫著(zhu)人(ren)文傳(chuan)奇(qi)。九街(jie)十八巷,屋舍(she)儼然。正街(jie)如線,店(dian)鋪(pu)連(lian)連(lian),小(xiao)巷彎彎,蛇折(zhe)龍(long)蟠。若(ruo)逢古(gu)會,人(ren)流如織,熙攘不絕……
在(zai)2020年(nian)(nian)12月22日召開的(de)2020美麗鄉村博鰲國(guo)際峰會“最美發布暨美麗鄉村國(guo)際品牌(pai)盛典”中,武功古城榮膺《2020年(nian)(nian)度全國(guo)百佳旅游目(mu)的(de)地》稱號。
武功古(gu)城歷史悠久,城區設置嚴整,共有九(jiu)街(jie)(jie)十八巷(xiang)(xiang)。由(you)東(dong)門(men)(men)向西(xi)至(zhi)(zhi)大什字名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)東(dong)街(jie)(jie);又西(xi)至(zhi)(zhi)小什字名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)學前街(jie)(jie);又西(xi)至(zhi)(zhi)原麓南(nan)(nan)折(zhe)出(chu)(chu)望月(yue)(yue)門(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)西(xi)街(jie)(jie);由(you)大什字南(nan)(nan)出(chu)(chu)集賢(xian)門(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)南(nan)(nan)街(jie)(jie);北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出(chu)(chu)迎仙(xian)門(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)小北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)街(jie)(jie);由(you)小什字北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出(chu)(chu)來鳳門(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)大北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)街(jie)(jie);南(nan)(nan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)宣化(hua)(hua)街(jie)(jie)。宣化(hua)(hua)街(jie)(jie)南(nan)(nan)端(duan)東(dong)折(zhe)通(tong)(tong)南(nan)(nan)街(jie)(jie)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)南(nan)(nan)司(si)巷(xiang)(xiang)(現(xian)稱蔣家巷(xiang)(xiang));西(xi)折(zhe)至(zhi)(zhi)原麓名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)樂(le)妓巷(xiang)(xiang)(現(xian)稱月(yue)(yue)菊巷(xiang)(xiang))。由(you)東(dong)街(jie)(jie)中段南(nan)(nan)折(zhe)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)后(hou)街(jie)(jie);后(hou)街(jie)(jie)西(xi)折(zhe)有兩(liang)巷(xiang)(xiang)通(tong)(tong)南(nan)(nan)街(jie)(jie),北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)馬道巷(xiang)(xiang),南(nan)(nan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)草場巷(xiang)(xiang);東(dong)街(jie)(jie)中段北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)折(zhe)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)當鋪巷(xiang)(xiang);南(nan)(nan)街(jie)(jie)中段西(xi)折(zhe)通(tong)(tong)宣化(hua)(hua)街(jie)(jie),名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)三鑒巷(xiang)(xiang);宣化(hua)(hua)街(jie)(jie)中段西(xi)折(zhe)通(tong)(tong)西(xi)街(jie)(jie),名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)韓家巷(xiang)(xiang);十字路(lu)南(nan)(nan)至(zhi)(zhi)綠野村,名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)南(nan)(nan)關巷(xiang)(xiang)。出(chu)(chu)來鳳門(men)(men)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)至(zhi)(zhi)徐楊堡,名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)關街(jie)(jie);東(dong)折(zhe)至(zhi)(zhi)迎仙(xian)門(men)(men),名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)中心街(jie)(jie)。
武(wu)功古(gu)城共有文(wen)物旅(lv)游(you)(you)景(jing)點20多處(chu)(chu),“武(wu)功八景(jing)”都集中(zhong)(zhong)于此,悠(you)久的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史、深厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)蘊,促成了武(wu)功古(gu)城璀璨文(wen)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)文(wen)景(jing)觀(guan)。中(zhong)(zhong)華農耕(geng)文(wen)明(ming)始祖(zu)后(hou)(hou)稷(ji)教民稼穡的(de)(de)(de)(de)教稼臺(tai),愛國典范、民族英雄(xiong)蘇武(wu)紀念(nian)館,風格獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)都城隍(huang)廟(miao),唐太宗李世(shi)民報答母親養(yang)育(yu)之恩(en)的(de)(de)(de)(de)報本寺(si)塔,雄(xiong)偉(wei)森嚴的(de)(de)(de)(de)上閣寺(si),圣母姜嫄墓(mu)(mu),先周文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發祥(xiang)地鄭(zheng)尚坡遺(yi)址(zhi),雄(xiong)居關(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)西部之首的(de)(de)(de)(de)武(wu)功關(guan)帝財神廟(miao),張(zhang)載(zai)講學處(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)華山。還有二(er)水(shui)寺(si)、客山寺(si)、隋(sui)煬帝墓(mu)(mu)、康(kang)海(hai)墓(mu)(mu)、將軍臺(tai)、趙家崖遺(yi)址(zhi)、滸西莊(zhuang)遺(yi)址(zhi)、東橋遺(yi)址(zhi)、龍(long)王(wang)廟(miao)、東岳廟(miao)等多處(chu)(chu)歷史文(wen)物景(jing)點。還有漆水(shui)河濕地公園、姜嫄水(shui)鄉、美陽關(guan)、后(hou)(hou)稷(ji)文(wen)化(hua)廣場(chang)、音(yin)樂噴泉、游(you)(you)船碼頭(tou)、東西兩塬景(jing)觀(guan)帶、尚林苑(yuan)花海(hai)、漆水(shui)河、游(you)(you)船碼頭(tou)等文(wen)化(hua)旅(lv)游(you)(you)項目(mu)。
武(wu)功古城(cheng)已有(you)1400余年的(de)(de)歷(li)史,背山(shan)面(mian)水,置(zhi)于臺地(di)之上(shang)。幾萬人的(de)(de)縣(xian)城(cheng)一不缺(que)水吃,二不遭水災,無水患(huan)之虞。冬天(tian)(tian)可(ke)遮(zhe)擋寒冷的(de)(de)氣(qi)流,春(chun)天(tian)(tian)可(ke)迎納和暖(nuan)的(de)(de)春(chun)風。三條河流都可(ke)作天(tian)(tian)然的(de)(de)沐浴場,一年四季均能享受優越(yue)舒適的(de)(de)環境(jing)。城(cheng)外天(tian)(tian)然自成配有(you)“四神(shen)”,前(qian)朱雀(que)(陂地(di))、后玄(xuan)武(wu)(祖山(shan))、左青龍(河流)、右白(bai)虎(長道)。城(cheng)內按照地(di)形(xing)規劃為“九街(jie)十八(ba)巷”,設置(zhi)有(you)“四差”:南門向西開(kai),西門向南開(kai),大十字(zi)對(dui)小北(bei)街(jie),小十字(zi)對(dui)大北(bei)街(jie)。
城垣整體似金(jin)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui),東門外(wai)教稼(jia)臺(tai)俗(su)稱(cheng)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)頭,臺(tai)兩側原各(ge)有(you)水池一方(fang),俗(su)稱(cheng)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)眼。西城墻(qiang)根(gen)中段有(you)一方(fang)凹地,俗(su)稱(cheng)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)尾,后街馬王廟后有(you)深2丈多、廣40丈的(de)土壕,俗(su)稱(cheng)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)心。三鑒巷(xiang)徐姓(xing)宅(zhai)內有(you)隙地一方(fang),寸草不生(sheng),俗(su)稱(cheng)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)膽(dan)。南、北四城門,則是龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)足。龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)頭向著漆(qi)水河(he)(he),把金(jin)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)塑造得前爬后蹬,生(sheng)動傳神,從東塬(yuan)邊(bian)憑(ping)眺,活像(xiang)一只下山(shan)的(de)神龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui),緩緩地爬向漆(qi)水河(he)(he)邊(bian)戲水。故曰:“金(jin)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)戲水”。龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)壽(shou)命最長(chang),古人以(yi)(yi)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)甲卜問吉兇(xiong),列侯的(de)金(jin)印上鑄“龜(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)鈕(niu)”以(yi)(yi)示地位的(de)顯(xian)赫。古城東西崖巒(luan)高峭,漆(qi)水東繞(rao),稷山(shan)鎮后;香山(shan)左輔,華山(shan)右弼(bi);梁(liang)山(shan)九(jiu)華,隔水對景;客(ke)山(shan)遠朝(chao),內斂聚氣。康海《武(wu)功縣志》稱(cheng)舊(jiu)縣城的(de)地形為:“平原控其(qi)東,鳳岡(gang)冀其(qi)西,長(chang)川帶(dai)其(qi)北,終南、太白揖其(qi)南,蓋古形勝之(zhi)(zhi)區,強武(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)國也。”這也從一個側面說(shuo)明武(wu)功古城地理位置之(zhi)(zhi)險要。
武功(gong)古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)位于(yu)縣(xian)境西(xi)北(bei)部,始建于(yu)北(bei)周(zhou)武帝(di)建德三(san)年(nian)(nian)(574),為(wei)土筑(zhu)(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng),西(xi)靠稷山,東臨漆(qi)水。元末張(zhang)良弼(bi)、李思(si)齊首次增(zeng)筑(zhu)(zhu)。明洪武九年(nian)(nian)(1376),都督耿忠(zhong)奉詔屯戌于(yu)此,再(zai)資增(zeng)筑(zhu)(zhu)。城(cheng)(cheng)周(zhou)長3里220步,外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)有(you)深(shen)2.7米的(de)護城(cheng)(cheng)溝。有(you)城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)5個:東門(men)名(ming)(ming)“觀(guan)瀾(lan)”;南門(men)兩(liang)個,東名(ming)(ming)“集賢”,西(xi)名(ming)(ming)“望(wang)月”;北(bei)門(men)兩(liang)個,東名(ming)(ming)“迎(ying)仙”,西(xi)名(ming)(ming)“來鳳(feng)”;城(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)緊靠稷山,無門(men)。清(qing)康(kang)熙二十五年(nian)(nian)(1686),知縣(xian)徐奇桂重修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),增(zeng)筑(zhu)(zhu)各(ge)門(men)磚樓。乾隆十八年(nian)(nian)(1735),知縣(xian)龔師勝(sheng)大修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)。嘉慶十三(san)年(nian)(nian)(1808),知縣(xian)張(zhang)樹勛在進行整修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)時,為(wei)緬(mian)懷(huai)圣(sheng)哲(zhe)先(xian)賢的(de)豐功(gong)偉績和歌頌縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)勝(sheng)跡美景,專為(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)題刻門(men)額(e)(e)(e):東門(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)額(e)(e)(e)“思(si)文古(gu)(gu)治”,內(nei)(nei)(nei)額(e)(e)(e)“麟(lin)閣(ge)勛名(ming)(ming)”;南集賢門(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)額(e)(e)(e)“綠野春云”,內(nei)(nei)(nei)額(e)(e)(e)“龍圖(tu)經濟”。望(wang)月門(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)額(e)(e)(e)“雍原秋室”,內(nei)(nei)(nei)額(e)(e)(e)“許國文章”;北(bei)來鳳(feng)門(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)額(e)(e)(e)“鳳(feng)崗晚翠(cui)”,內(nei)(nei)(nei)額(e)(e)(e)“虎觀(guan)淹垓(gai)”;迎(ying)仙門(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)額(e)(e)(e)“二水朝霞(xia)”,內(nei)(nei)(nei)額(e)(e)(e)“璇(xuan)璣(ji)錦繡”。咸豐末年(nian)(nian)至光緒年(nian)(nian)間,知縣(xian)張(zhang)宗睿(rui)、鄭慶崧、陳(chen)子楷、陳(chen)爾茀、張(zhang)世英等也先(xian)后進行過修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)葺,力圖(tu)恢(hui)復(fu)古(gu)(gu)貌。
2021年(nian)10月“黃(huang)金周”,武功縣文物(wu)旅(lv)游(you)中心發布武功古(gu)城國(guo)慶假期共接待游(you)客6.817萬人次,實現旅(lv)游(you)收入3433.4萬元(yuan)。與往年(nian)相比,旅(lv)游(you)人數同期增長5.98%。