環江(jiang)木(mu)(mu)論喀斯特生態(tai)旅游景(jing)區(qu)位于廣西(xi)環江(jiang)縣木(mu)(mu)論國(guo)家級自然保(bao)護區(qu)內,這里的(de)喀斯特地貌,景(jing)觀(guan)奇(qi)特,有形(xing)(xing)(xing)態(tai)各異的(de)錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)山(shan)、塔形(xing)(xing)(xing)山(shan)及(ji)其間(jian)的(de)洼地構成的(de)峰叢洼地和漏斗,具有極高的(de)觀(guan)賞價值(zhi)。2014年,“環江(jiang)喀斯特”作(zuo)為“中國(guo)南(nan)方喀斯特”的(de)主要(yao)構成部分,被列入世界天然遺產名錄。
環(huan)江目前(qian)是(shi)世界幸存連(lian)片面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)最(zui)(zui)大(da),保(bao)護(hu)最(zui)(zui)佳(jia)、原始性(xing)最(zui)(zui)強的(de)喀(ka)斯特地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)。這里于2014年第38屆(jie)世界自然遺產大(da)會上(shang)被(bei)(bei)評為世界自然遺產地(di)(di)(di)(di)。其形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)是(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)與地(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)對可(ke)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)性(xing)巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)侵(qin)蝕(shi)與沉(chen)積(ji)(ji)(ji),以及(ji)重力崩(beng)塌(ta)(ta)、塌(ta)(ta)陷(xian)、堆積(ji)(ji)(ji)等作(zuo)用形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)了千姿(zi)百態和巧奪天工的(de)洞穴(xue)奇(qi)景及(ji)景觀地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)沿(yan)灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)內(nei)的(de)節理(li)面(mian)或(huo)裂隙面(mian)等發(fa)生溶(rong)(rong)(rong)蝕(shi),形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(或(huo)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)槽),原先成(cheng)層分(fen)布的(de)石(shi)灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)被(bei)(bei)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)分(fen)開成(cheng)石(shi)柱或(huo)石(shi)筍。地(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)沿(yan)灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)裂縫(feng)向(xiang)下(xia)滲流(liu)和溶(rong)(rong)(rong)蝕(shi),超過100米深后形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)落水(shui)(shui)洞。從落水(shui)(shui)洞下(xia)落的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)到含水(shui)(shui)層后發(fa)生橫(heng)向(xiang)流(liu)動,形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)洞。隨著地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)洞穴(xue)的(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)發(fa)生塌(ta)(ta)陷(xian),塌(ta)(ta)陷(xian)的(de)深度(du)大(da)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)小(xiao)(xiao),稱坍陷(xian)漏斗,深度(du)小(xiao)(xiao)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)大(da)則(ze)稱陷(xian)塘。地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)上(shang)升(sheng)(sheng),原溶(rong)(rong)(rong)洞和地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)河等被(bei)(bei)抬出地(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)成(cheng)干谷(gu)和石(shi)林。在廣西境內(nei),經常可(ke)看到這種抬升(sheng)(sheng)到地(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)的(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)洞。
木論保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)總面積(ji)10829.7萬平方米,森林(lin)(lin)(lin)覆蓋率高達(da)93.4%,屬于中亞熱帶石灰巖區(qu)(qu)(qu)常綠落(luo)葉闊葉混交林(lin)(lin)(lin)生態系統,是(shi)世界(jie)上喀(ka)斯特地貌區(qu)(qu)(qu)幸(xing)存(cun)連片面積(ji)最大,完(wan)好(hao)性(xing)(xing)保(bao)存(cun)最佳,原(yuan)始性(xing)(xing)最強(qiang)的喀(ka)斯特森林(lin)(lin)(lin)和動植物(wu)基因庫。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內有(you)動、植物(wu)2500多種,其中瀕危的國家二、三級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動植物(wu)38種。目前,環江喀(ka)斯特(以木論國家級自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)為主要(yao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu))申報世界(jie)自(zi)然遺(yi)產(chan)地已經成功,將(jiang)來將(jiang)與桂林(lin)(lin)(lin)一起成為廣西旅游開發的新一極。
古(gu)賓河(he)(he)發源于貴州,流(liu)(liu)經木(mu)論(lun)國家級保護(hu)區。這里風光秀麗、景色怡人,峽谷風光美不勝收,是旅游(you)觀光絕好去處。古(gu)賓河(he)(he)漂流(liu)(liu)項目(mu)更(geng)是獨具特色、開(kai)心(xin)刺激,以“灘長(chang)(chang)、彎多、水急、狹窄”有驚無險、激情四射(she)而聞(wen)名。古(gu)賓河(he)(he)漂流(liu)(liu)全長(chang)(chang)約(yue)9公里,全程(cheng)漂約(yue)三個半小時。
茂密的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原始(shi)森林內(nei)深藏(zang)著一(yi)條漢代(dai)(dai)古代(dai)(dai)商(shang)(shang)道(dao),保護區內(nei)這條漢代(dai)(dai)古道(dao)長25公里、跨黔(qian)(qian)桂(gui)兩(liang)省(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古代(dai)(dai)商(shang)(shang)道(dao),被稱為南方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“絲綢之(zhi)路(lu)”。古道(dao)分有九重(zhong)雄(xiong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan):洞(dong)(dong)坦(tan)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、上峒(tong)平關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、偉(wei)火關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)甘(gan)哥關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、下(xia)峒(tong)平關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、洞(dong)(dong)滾(gun)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、木花關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、洞(dong)(dong)巧(qiao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、黎(li)明(ming)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)東(dong)起環(huan)江(jiang)縣(xian)川山(shan)鎮社村(cun)舊(jiu)屯(tun)(tun),蜿蜒深藏(zang)在神奇(qi)稀世的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)莽莽峰(feng)叢、蒼(cang)(cang)蒼(cang)(cang)林海中,橫斷山(shan)脈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)崇(chong)高峻嶺,萬道(dao)溝隘(ai)(ai)。西(xi)至(zhi)黔(qian)(qian)桂(gui)兩(liang)省(sheng)交界處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黎(li)明(ming)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)北是(shi)貴(gui)州省(sheng)荔波(bo)縣(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)洞(dong)(dong)塘鄉(xiang)板(ban)寨屯(tun)(tun),全長50里,全部用青(qing)石板(ban)鋪砌而成,路(lu)面平均(jun)寬度為1.24米(mi),是(shi)歷(li)代(dai)(dai)通聯桂(gui)、黔(qian)(qian)、川、滇的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“官(guan)道(dao)”。沿途經(jing)過石拱橋一(yi)座,洞(dong)(dong)萍圩(wei)遺址一(yi)處河(he)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)隘(ai)(ai)九座。人工(gong)壘(lei)砌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)隘(ai)(ai)均(jun)在險要處,巨石砌筑,據(ju)說(shuo),古道(dao)上每一(yi)塊石板(ban)都鐫刻著歲月的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風霜,每一(yi)條山(shan)路(lu) 都珍藏(zang)著恒古的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)。九關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)隘(ai)(ai)中下(xia)洞(dong)(dong)萍關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)隘(ai)(ai)與黎(li)明(ming)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)隘(ai)(ai)最為氣派(pai),這些關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)口(kou)有古代(dai)(dai)為保護官(guan)商(shang)(shang)農安(an)全往來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)驛站、兵站遺跡。下(xia)洞(dong)(dong)萍關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)隘(ai)(ai)石墻長28米(mi),寬3.5,米(mi),殘高5.4米(mi),城(cheng)(cheng)門寬2米(mi),高2.5米(mi),城(cheng)(cheng)墻上設(she)訓道(dao),槍眼,等防范設(she)施,黎(li)明(ming)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)為黔(qian)(qian)貴(gui)之(zhi)交界地(di)(di),關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)隘(ai)(ai)上設(she)城(cheng)(cheng)樓,黔(qian)(qian)省(sheng)曾屯(tun)(tun)軍駐(zhu)守。關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)上城(cheng)(cheng)樓已毀,僅剩兩(liang)側城(cheng)(cheng)墻,民十以前客商(shang)(shang)往來知悉由(you)此,的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記載。紅旗軍北上由(you)此經(jing)過,1944年(nian)侵華(hua)日(ri)軍從社村(cun)進入貴(gui)州,于(yu)駐(zhu)守關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)隘(ai)(ai)北面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)慶軍激戰(zhan)于(yu)黎(li)明(ming)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)前。2012年(nian)11月12日(ri)西(xi)安(an)人民政府(fu)公布為環(huan)江(jiang)毛(mao)南族自治縣(xian)第二批文物保護單位。稀世的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原始(shi)森林,滄桑(sang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)故事,神秘的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人文傳說(shuo)。黔(qian)(qian)桂(gui)古道(dao)成為一(yi)個美麗神奇(qi),令人神往的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方。