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基本介紹

青(qing)荷藕表皮(pi)藕銹少(shao)、白嫩、光澤度好(hao)，肉質細膩、清脆爽口、甘甜無渣；黃熟(shu)藕淀(dian)粉含量(liang)高，熟(shu)食粉糯香(xiang)甜。

長(chang)興縣(xian)地質構(gou)造復雜，境(jing)內地層從志留系(xi)（除三(san)系(xi)）至第四(si)系(xi)均有出(chu)露(lu)。呂山(shan)鄉(xiang)位于長(chang)興縣(xian)東(dong)(dong)南部平原?區，為(wei)浙北低山(shan)丘陵(ling)向(xiang)太湖西岸平原過(guo)渡的區域(yu)，地勢東(dong)(dong)低西高，屬水網平原地貌,全(quan)鄉(xiang)總面積3850公頃，下轄(xia)9個行政村，耕地1758公頃，塘面459公頃，桑地288公頃，物產豐(feng)富，素有“魚米(mi)之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”之(zhi)稱，也是(shi)久(jiu)負盛(sheng)名的“水產之(zhi)鄉(xiang)、蠶桑之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”。

地域產地

胥(xu)倉(cang)雪藕(ou)農產品地(di)理標(biao)志地(di)域(yu)保護范圍為：長興縣呂(lv)(lv)山鄉(xiang)，轄呂(lv)(lv)山、楊(yang)吳、呂(lv)(lv)虹、土(tu)斗門、雁陶(tao)、金村、南(nan)楊(yang)、胥(xu)倉(cang)、龍溪9個行政村。地(di)理坐標(biao)為東(dong)經(jing)119°53′7.61″～119°57′52.93″，北緯30°52′8.28″～30°56′6.65″間。保護區(qu)域(yu)面積(ji)3850公頃，其(qi)中蓮藕(ou)面積(ji)267公頃，年產量6000噸。

品質特點

青荷(he)藕表皮藕銹少、白嫩、光澤度好，肉質細膩、清脆爽口、甘甜無渣；黃熟(shu)藕淀粉(fen)含(han)量高，熟(shu)食粉(fen)糯香甜。青荷(he)藕淀粉(fen)含(han)量大(da)(da)于1.0 g/100g，總糖含(han)量大(da)(da)于3.0g/100g，粗纖維含(han)量小于1%，氨基(ji)酸(suan)總量大(da)(da)于0.6%。生產、貯運、銷售過程(cheng)中(zhong)，應嚴格(ge)執行“雙塘(tang)雪藕栽培技(ji)術規程(cheng)”浙江省湖(hu)州市地(di)方標準，確保(bao)產品質量安全，并做好生產、銷售等(deng)相關(guan)記(ji)錄。

生產情況

胥(xu)倉雪(xue)藕(ou)(ou)栽(zai)培的(de)環境技術條(tiao)件(jian)應符合(he)(he)NY/T5010要(yao)(yao)求。選(xuan)擇水源充足、水流緩慢、漲落平穩、排灌便利、保(bao)(bao)水性好、保(bao)(bao)肥(fei)(fei)性強的(de)藕(ou)(ou)塘(tang)(tang)，耕作(zuo)層深度(du)≥40cm，pH值5.5～7.5。品種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)擇：胥(xu)倉雪(xue)藕(ou)(ou)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)品種(zhong)(zhong)為‘浙湖一(yi)(yi)號’、‘飄花’、‘鄂蓮6號’。定(ding)植(zhi)時(shi)間：清(qing)明(ming)前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)日平均氣溫(wen)(wen)升到(dao)13℃左右時(shi)開(kai)始種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。藕(ou)(ou)塘(tang)(tang)準備：種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)1～2天耖耙，平整土(tu)壤。一(yi)(yi)般魚塘(tang)(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)蓮藕(ou)(ou)第一(yi)(yi)年(nian)可不施(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)，新開(kai)塘(tang)(tang)、連作(zuo)藕(ou)(ou)塘(tang)(tang)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)有機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)料作(zuo)基肥(fei)(fei)，每(mei)畝施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)腐熟農(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)1500kg～2000kg和復(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)30kg～50kg。種(zhong)(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)選(xuan)擇：選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)頂芽(ya)完整，具有2～3個(ge)(ge)完整的(de)藕(ou)(ou)節、無(wu)病斑，無(wu)機(ji)械損傷的(de)子(zi)藕(ou)(ou)作(zuo)種(zhong)(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)。定(ding)植(zhi)方法：排種(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)保(bao)(bao)持淺水3cm～5cm，斜(xie)植(zhi)，栽(zai)植(zhi)深度(du)10cm～20cm，藕(ou)(ou)頭(tou)向(xiang)下呈(cheng)20°～30°傾斜(xie)，后(hou)(hou)節略翹(qiao)起。定(ding)植(zhi)密度(du)：因栽(zai)培條(tiao)件(jian)和品種(zhong)(zhong)而異。早熟品種(zhong)(zhong)宜(yi)(yi)密植(zhi)，中(zhong)晚(wan)熟品種(zhong)(zhong)宜(yi)(yi)稀。一(yi)(yi)般行株距1.5m×1.5m，每(mei)穴(xue)栽(zai)1支或(huo)2支。肥(fei)(fei)水管(guan)(guan)理(li)：立(li)葉(xie)抽生(sheng)初期，每(mei)畝施(shi)尿(niao)素10kg～15kg；結(jie)藕(ou)(ou)初期，每(mei)畝施(shi)復(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)20kg～30kg。封行前(qian)(qian)(qian)，保(bao)(bao)持淺水10cm～15cm,提高(gao)土(tu)溫(wen)(wen)，促進(jin)萌(meng)發；隨著氣溫(wen)(wen)升高(gao)，蓮藕(ou)(ou)發生(sheng)分枝、出現(xian)立(li)葉(xie)，逐漸加深水位(wei)至20cm～35cm；展(zhan)葉(xie)后(hou)(hou)至結(jie)藕(ou)(ou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)，水位(wei)加深至80cm；結(jie)藕(ou)(ou)時(shi)水位(wei)適(shi)當放淺，促進(jin)蓮藕(ou)(ou)膨大(da)。采收：宜(yi)(yi)在主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)藕(ou)(ou)形(xing)成2～3個(ge)(ge)膨大(da)藕(ou)(ou)節時(shi)開(kai)始采收嫩藕(ou)(ou)，葉(xie)片(pian)黃熟后(hou)(hou)采收老熟藕(ou)(ou)，一(yi)(yi)直可采收到(dao)翌(yi)年(nian)春(chun)季(ji)萌(meng)芽(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)病蟲(chong)(chong)：主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)病害有褐斑病、腐敗(bai)病等(deng)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)害蟲(chong)(chong)有蓮縊管(guan)(guan)蚜、斜(xie)紋(wen)(wen)夜蛾、福壽螺等(deng)。防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)原(yuan)則：遵循“預防(fang)(fang)為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，綜合(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)”的(de)植(zhi)保(bao)(bao)方針，優先(xian)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)業防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)、物理(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)、生(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)，科學使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)效(xiao)低(di)毒(du)(du)低(di)殘留化學農(nong)藥。農(nong)業防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)病種(zhong)(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)，及(ji)時(shi)清(qing)園消(xiao)毒(du)(du)，合(he)(he)理(li)輪作(zuo)，選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)病種(zhong)(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)等(deng)。殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)燈誘殺(sha)：用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)燈誘殺(sha)斜(xie)紋(wen)(wen)夜蛾等(deng)害蟲(chong)(chong)。性誘劑誘捕：將斜(xie)紋(wen)(wen)夜蛾性信息素（性誘劑）放置(zhi)于誘捕器(qi)中(zhong)，誘捕器(qi)懸掛(gua)在植(zhi)株上方25cm～30cm處，每(mei)畝放置(zhi)誘捕器(qi)1～2個(ge)(ge)。藥劑防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：農(nong)藥使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)應符合(he)(he)GB/T8321、NY/T1276要(yao)(yao)求。優先(xian)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)物農(nong)藥，輪換選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)效(xiao)、低(di)毒(du)(du)、低(di)殘留的(de)農(nong)藥，禁止使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)國家明(ming)令禁止使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)農(nong)藥和高(gao)毒(du)(du)、劇(ju)毒(du)(du)、高(gao)殘留的(de)農(nong)藥。