明(ming)代的(de)花(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)(chi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)曾修(xiu)筑(zhu)了三次(ci),第(di)一(yi)次(ci)是正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)統元年(nian)(nian)(1436年(nian)(nian)),寧(ning)夏總兵(bing)官史昭奏(zou)(zou)筑(zhu),因城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)花(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)(chi)鹽湖旁,故名為花(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)(chi)營。遺址(zhi)在(zai)今北(bei)大池(chi)(chi)東(dong)北(bei)角,呈正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)方形(xing),邊長(chang)370米,門東(dong)開帶甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。第(di)二次(ci)是在(zai)天順年(nian)(nian)間(1457-1464年(nian)(nian)),“以城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)花(hua)馬(ma)(ma)鹽池(chi)(chi)北(bei),孤懸寡援”為由(you),改筑(zhu)花(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)(chi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(即(ji)今鹽池(chi)(chi)縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng))。第(di)三次(ci)是正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)德元年(nian)(nian)(1506年(nian)(nian))一(yi)月,楊一(yi)清總制延綏(sui)、寧(ning)夏、甘(gan)肅、陜西邊務,奏(zou)(zou)請(qing)修(xiu)復自橫城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)至花(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)(chi)的(de)河東(dong)墻,明(ming)武宗準(zhun)其奏(zou)(zou),由(you)西向(xiang)東(dong)而筑(zhu),只修(xiu)30里,因飲水飲食困(kun)難(nan),疾病流行,役夫(fu)發生嘩變。楊一(yi)清知人心難(nan)犯,下令停筑(zhu),許之以筑(zhu)完花(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)(chi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)即(ji)放散。5天筑(zhu)完花(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)(chi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),民夫(fu)遣(qian)散。
花馬池城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻高三(san)丈五尺,周回七里(li)三(san)分。池深一(yi)丈五尺,闊二(er)丈。東、北二(er)門,上有(you)樓。東甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門南開名永寧,南甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門東開名廣惠,北甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門東開名威勝。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)鼓樓為(wei)中軸,分東西、南北兩(liang)條主要街道(dao)。萬歷八年(1580年)巡撫蕭大亨甃以(yi)磚石。清(qing)乾隆六年(公(gong)元1741年)曾(ceng)有(you)修(xiu)葺。
明正統九(jiu)年(nian)(1444)置哨(shao)馬營,弘(hong)治六年(nian)(1493)巡撫、都御(yu)史(shi)韓(han)文奏(zou)置花(hua)馬池(chi)守(shou)御(yu)千戶所。正德二年(nian)(1507),三邊總(zong)制、左(zuo)都御(yu)史(shi)楊一清(qing)奏(zou)改(gai)花(hua)馬池(chi)千戶所為寧夏后(hou)衛。天(tian)啟七年(nian)二月丙辰(chen)(1627年(nian)4月4日),兵(bing)部批復(fu)將(jiang)花(hua)馬池(chi)改(gai)為鎮。
康熙(xi)三十(shi)六年(1697)二月,康熙(xi)帝親(qin)征噶爾丹。二月二十(shi)日駐蹕(bi)花馬池(chi)城,在城內文廟題寫(xie)了“萬世師表”匾額。雍(yong)正三年(1725)改置花馬池(chi)分州(zhou),隸(li)靈州(zhou)。1913年置鹽(yan)池(chi)縣。
2014年后,鹽池(chi)縣(xian)委、政府結(jie)合遺址保護,多次組織對(dui)花馬池(chi)城墻進行(xing)修(xiu)茸(rong),恢(hui)復(fu)修(xiu)建了甕城、魁星樓、城樓、箭樓、角樓等。
花馬(ma)池東甕城于天(tian)順年(nian)(nian)間(1457-1464年(nian)(nian))建,門(men)南開名永寧,清謝(xie)王寵曾題寫(xie)“花馬(ma)池”三(san)字,非斜視(shi)(shi)不(bu)能辨認,取其“并足而立,側目而視(shi)(shi)”之意。于20世紀60年(nian)(nian)代末頹圮。2014年(nian)(nian)動工(gong)修(xiu)復。甕城內建觀音(yin)閣,甕城上建東門(men)樓、箭樓、南北魁星樓。均為歇山式屋頂的二層建筑物,斗拱交(jiao)錯(cuo),雕梁畫棟,朱(zhu)漆艷麗。
花馬池南(nan)甕城于萬歷三年(1575)筑,門東開,名廣惠。甕城上建有城門樓,二層,磚(zhuan)木結構,內塑李太白像(xiang)。后門樓坍塌,塑像(xiang)被毀。南(nan)甕城于20世紀(ji)60年代頹圮,2014年修(xiu)復,門南(nan)開。
長(chang)城(cheng)關(guan)(guan)坐落在鹽池縣(xian)城(cheng)北門(men)六(liu)十(shi)步之(zhi)外的深(shen)溝高(gao)壘之(zhi)上。嘉(jia)靖(jing)九年(nian)(1530),寧夏副(fu)使(shi)齊之(zhi)鸞根(gen)據兵部尚書、三(san)邊總(zong)制王瓊的授意修筑(zhu)而成,《嘉(jia)靖(jing)寧夏新志》載(zai):“花馬池營東者,為(wei)喉噤總(zong)要(yao),則題曰‘長(chang)城(cheng)關(guan)(guan)’。高(gao)臺層樓,雕革虎視,憑欄(lan)遠(yuan)眺,朔(shuo)方形(xing)勢,畢呈于(yu)下”。長(chang)城(cheng)關(guan)(guan)上建有關(guan)(guan)樓,高(gao)聳雄(xiong)壯。上書“深(shen)溝高(gao)壘”“朔(shuo)方天塹”“北門(men)鎖鑰”“防胡大(da)塹”等字。下設(she)暗(an)門(men),門(men)外設(she)市(shi)場,漢蒙每月(yue)交易(yi)3次。長(chang)城(cheng)關(guan)(guan)是(shi)明萬里長(chang)城(cheng)二百多座雄(xiong)關(guan)(guan)中唯一以長(chang)城(cheng)命名的關(guan)(guan)隘。設(she)守(shou)備監守(shou)營兵防守(shou)。今長(chang)城(cheng)關(guan)(guan)建筑(zhu)已毀,僅存(cun)高(gao)大(da)的墩臺。2016年(nian),在長(chang)城(cheng)公園(yuan)北新建長(chang)城(cheng)關(guan)(guan)。
九曲(黃河龍(long)門(men)陣)民(min)俗(su)文化園位于(yu)鹽(yan)池(chi)縣城西北長城關(guan)北側,屬(shu)于(yu)鹽(yan)池(chi)縣市民(min)森(sen)林休閑公園民(min)俗(su)文化園建設項目,始建于(yu)2018年。
九(jiu)(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),全稱九(jiu)(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)黃(huang)(huang)河(he)燈(deng)陣(zhen),也叫九(jiu)(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)黃(huang)(huang)河(he)龍門陣(zhen),俗稱轉九(jiu)(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),是(shi)黃(huang)(huang)河(he)流(liu)域(yu)元宵(xiao)節民(min)間游(you)藝活動的一種群體活動形式。九(jiu)(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)乃曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)折(zhe)(zhe)折(zhe)(zhe)之意,原意指黃(huang)(huang)河(he)河(he)道之曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)折(zhe)(zhe),其(qi)寓意是(shi)人生就是(shi)一條小(xiao)溪,千回百折(zhe)(zhe),九(jiu)(jiu)九(jiu)(jiu)歸一。轉完(wan)九(jiu)(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)意味(wei)著一年(nian)將(jiang)消除(chu)災劫,平(ping)平(ping)安安。
黃(huang)(huang)河龍門(men)(men)(men)陣(zhen)(zhen)民(min)(min)俗文(wen)化園(yuan)占地(di)面(mian)積12723.84平(ping)(ping)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(19.09畝),分(fen)(fen)為七(qi)(qi)星柱、烽(feng)(feng)(feng)火臺(tai)(tai)、九(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)陣(zhen)(zhen)、牌坊宮(gong)(gong)門(men)(men)(men)和(he)影壁及燈桿(gan)雕塑(su)以及外圍附屬(shu)(shu)工(gong)程五個部分(fen)(fen)。九(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)龍門(men)(men)(men)長22.6米(mi)(mi)(mi),高(gao)13.11米(mi)(mi)(mi);七(qi)(qi)星柱直徑為3.9米(mi)(mi)(mi),高(gao)度24.5米(mi)(mi)(mi);烽(feng)(feng)(feng)火臺(tai)(tai)高(gao)度為9.37米(mi)(mi)(mi)。九(jiu)個小宮(gong)(gong)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)鋪(pu)開,形(xing)(xing)成九(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)八(ba)卦的(de)(de)(de)(de)布(bu)局。九(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)四(si)(si)正宮(gong)(gong)、四(si)(si)偏宮(gong)(gong)各按(an)方(fang)位設(she)色(se),按(an)卦像(xiang)取義(yi),按(an)精(jing)靈(ling)取紋,中宮(gong)(gong)屬(shu)(shu)于土色(se)黃(huang)(huang),覆(fu)蓋于吉樣塔(ta)土臺(tai)(tai)之(zhi)下,并以小門(men)(men)(men)洞與各宮(gong)(gong)相連,讓游(you)人了(le)解八(ba)卦之(zhi)形(xing)(xing)、義(yi)、色(se)、像(xiang)和(he)精(jing)。在(zai)九(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)四(si)(si)個角設(she)置(zhi)暸望烽(feng)(feng)(feng)火臺(tai)(tai),體現(xian)(xian)雄壯的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)漠邊(bian)(bian)關文(wen)化。九(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)之(zhi)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)水渠和(he)跨水橋梁,喻(yu)天(tian)圓地(di)方(fang)之(zhi)意。九(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)(黃(huang)(huang)河龍門(men)(men)(men)陣(zhen)(zhen))民(min)(min)俗文(wen)化園(yuan)把古老的(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)(huang)河文(wen)明、濃郁的(de)(de)(de)(de)絲路風情(qing)、悠(you)久的(de)(de)(de)(de)邊(bian)(bian)塞文(wen)化、獨(du)特的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)俗風情(qing)凝聚、幻化為絢麗的(de)(de)(de)(de)彩虹,展(zhan)現(xian)(xian)在(zai)寧夏的(de)(de)(de)(de)東大(da)門(men)(men)(men),成為鹽池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)響亮(liang)名片。
寧夏(xia)長城博(bo)物館是(shi)展(zhan)示中國(guo)長城文化的(de)博(bo)物館,布展(zhan)面(mian)積(ji)3400平米(mi),2018年(nian)實(shi)施。
寧夏長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)博物館分西大(da)廳(ting)和(he)(he)東(dong)(dong)大(da)廳(ting)。西大(da)廳(ting)為中(zhong)國(guo)歷代(dai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文(wen)化展(zhan)(zhan)廳(ting),東(dong)(dong)大(da)廳(ting)為花馬(ma)池明(ming)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文(wen)化展(zhan)(zhan)廳(ting)。西大(da)廳(ting)分為三部分:萬里長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)萬古(gu)雄風;城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)彼(bi)朔方控扼(e)塞上;不(bu)到長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)非好漢(han)。較為系(xi)統地展(zhan)(zhan)示了(le)春秋戰國(guo)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、秦(qin)始皇時期(qi)的(de)(de)防胡大(da)塹(qian),絲路雄關(guan)—西漢(han)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),北魏(wei)、北齊、北周長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),隋長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),遼金長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)及(ji)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)著名關(guan)隘(ai)勝跡、長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)及(ji)其附屬設施(shi)、長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)武(wu)備、長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文(wen)化等內容(rong),其主(zhu)題為長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是中(zhong)華民族燦爛文(wen)化的(de)(de)驕傲。東(dong)(dong)大(da)廳(ting)較為全(quan)面的(de)(de)展(zhan)(zhan)陳了(le)花馬(ma)池長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堡、墩(dun)臺、戰臺等軍(jun)事(shi)防御體(ti)系(xi)構筑的(de)(de)背景、分布(bu)、建(jian)筑狀況(kuang)以(yi)及(ji)戰事(shi)和(he)(he)駐守(shou)將領(ling)。
長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關、烽火臺、城(cheng)(cheng)堡等古(gu)代(dai)軍(jun)事(shi)設施見證了金戈鐵馬、刀光劍(jian)影(ying),銘刻著太多的(de)時(shi)代(dai)變遷、王(wang)朝興衰,是一份極為寶貴的(de)文化遺產。走進鹽池(chi)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)博物館,再睹中(zhong)國(guo)歷代(dai)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)和鹽池(chi)明(ming)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)完備的(de)軍(jun)事(shi)防(fang)御(yu)體(ti)系(xi),重溫歷史,長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)精神和民族夢(meng)想當會永遠綿延在(zai)我們的(de)心中(zhong)。