黃煙(yan)是(shi)南(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)一(yi)寶,南(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)農民種煙(yan)、嗜煙(yan),一(yi)輩子離不開煙(yan);南(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)卷煙(yan)廠產煙(yan)、銷煙(yan),“百順(shun)”、“珠璣”行銷各地。南(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)重要的經(jing)濟支柱是(shi)黃煙(yan),每年黃煙(yan)收入(ru)要占國民經(jing)濟總收入(ru)的一(yi)半以(yi)上。
南(nan)雄(xiong)黃煙種植已有(you)300多年歷(li)史(shi)。南(nan)雄(xiong)煙葉(xie)品質優(you)良(liang),為我國煙葉(xie)商(shang)品的(de)名牌(pai)產品,歷(li)來飲譽中(zhong)外,內銷全國28個(ge)大中(zhong)城(cheng)市,曾一度遠銷67個(ge)國家和地區。
1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)至1994年(nian)(nian)(nian),累(lei)計煙(yan)(yan)葉總產(chan)21萬噸,年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)產(chan)2.1萬噸,為(wei)廣(guang)東省年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)產(chan)量(liang)的(de)50%左右。10年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)煙(yan)(yan)葉15600噸。為(wei)全(quan)省年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)量(liang)的(de)60%左右。煙(yan)(yan)葉產(chan)量(liang)和收(shou)(shou)購(gou)量(liang)均(jun)居全(quan)省之首。全(quan)國煙(yan)(yan)草(cao)種植面積達20萬畝以上(shang)的(de)縣(xian)市只有(you)6個,南雄是其中之一。
由此可見(jian)南(nan)雄黃(huang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)在(zai)全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)舉足輕重,在(zai)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)名列前(qian)茅。1985年(nian),廣東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)總公司(si)(si)確定南(nan)雄為優質生產基地(di)(di)。1986年(nian),中國(guo)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)總公司(si)(si)又確定南(nan)雄為出口曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)生產基地(di)(di)。1992年(nian),原中國(guo)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)總公司(si)(si)總經理(li)李益三到南(nan)雄視察時,欣然(ran)題詞:“金(jin)葉(xie)之鄉(xiang)在(zai)南(nan)雄"。的確,不論從數(shu)量還(huan)是質量來看,南(nan)雄堪(kan)稱(cheng)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)之鄉(xiang)。全(quan)(quan)市24個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮都種植黃(huang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農10余萬戶,占總戶數(shu)的八成多(duo)。在(zai)南(nan)雄盆地(di)(di)田野(ye)上(shang),黃(huang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)連(lian)綿20余萬畝(mu),春來一(yi)(yi)片翠綠,夏至(zhi)一(yi)(yi)片金(jin)黃(huang)。到了收煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)季節,烤房爐火通明,村巷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)飄香。全(quan)(quan)市上(shang)下(xia)為煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)而忙碌,為煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)而歡(huan)笑。
南(nan)(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)黃(huang)煙(yan)于(yu)清初自(zi)閩(min)南(nan)(nan)(nan)傳(chuan)入(ru),至今300多年(nian)(nian),盛(sheng)產(chan)不衰(shuai)。閩(min)南(nan)(nan)(nan)黃(huang)煙(yan)是(shi)怎(zen)樣(yang)傳(chuan)入(ru)南(nan)(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)的(de)呢(ni)?主要通(tong)過兩(liang)條(tiao)渠道(dao):一(yi)條(tiao)是(shi)通(tong)過氏族遷(qian)徙。南(nan)(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)不少(shao)氏族來自(zi)閩(min)南(nan)(nan)(nan),他們(men)遷(qian)徙來南(nan)(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)的(de)同時(shi),把黃(huang)煙(yan)的(de)生產(chan)技(ji)術也帶到了南(nan)(nan)(nan)雄(xiong);另一(yi)條(tiao)渠道(dao)是(shi)商(shang)業貿(mao)易(yi)。明清南(nan)(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)商(shang)業貿(mao)易(yi)非常繁榮(rong),閩(min)南(nan)(nan)(nan)來南(nan)(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)經(jing)商(shang)的(de)人不少(shao),他們(men)為了獲取商(shang)業利潤,很樂意把黃(huang)煙(yan)生產(chan)技(ji)術引(yin)進南(nan)(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)。黃(huang)煙(yan)傳(chuan)入(ru)南(nan)(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)后,與南(nan)(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)特(te)有的(de)土壤、氣候條(tiao)件相適應(ying),煙(yan)葉(xie)品質優良,種者日(ri)眾。清乾隆嘉年(nian)(nian)間已成一(yi)方特(te)產(chan)。清道(dao)光四(si)年(nian)(nian)《直(zhi)隸南(nan)(nan)(nan)雄(xiong)州志.物產(chan)》載(zai):"煙(yan)葉(xie),舊志未載(zai),近年(nian)(nian)四(si)五十(shi)年(nian)(nian)日(ri)暫增植,春種秋收(shou),每年(nian)(nian)貨銀百(bai)萬兩(liang),其(qi)利幾與禾稻等。"。
南雄黃(huang)葉(xie)以葉(xie)色金黃(huang)、煙味醇香、易燃灰(hui)白三大特性而素負(fu)盛名,為當(dang)今各大煙廠生產品牌卷煙之(zhi)原料。南雄曬煙歷來很受外商(shang)歡迎(ying),出口頗多(duo)。
民國時期已暢銷五大(da)洲(zhou)67個(ge)國家和(he)地區。1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)到(dao)1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)額(e)三(san)五百噸(dun),多的1954年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),出(chu)(chu)口(kou)1155噸(dun)。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后,由(you)于國外(wai)煙葉市(shi)場的變化(hua),消費習(xi)慣由(you)清香(xiang)型(xing)變為濃香(xiang)型(xing),外(wai)貿出(chu)(chu)口(kou)停(ting)止。
近(jin)幾年,隨(sui)著煙(yan)葉品種改(gai)良(liang),質(zhi)量提高(gao),南雄煙(yan)葉又(you)恢(hui)復出口。