一.產品介紹
湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)原(yuan)來(lai)叫(jiao)做胡羊(yang)(yang)(yang),源(yuan)于北(bei)方蒙古(gu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang),距(ju)今已有(you)1000多(duo)年歷(li)史。據歷(li)史資料記載(zai),南(nan)宋(song)(song)遷都臨安(an),黃河流(liu)域的(de)(de)居民大量南(nan)移,同(tong)時把飼養在冀、魯(lu)、豫(yu)的(de)(de)“大白羊(yang)(yang)(yang)”攜至(zhi)江(jiang)(jiang)南(nan),主要飼養在江(jiang)(jiang)浙(zhe)兩(liang)省(sheng)交(jiao)界(jie)的(de)(de)太湖(hu)(hu)(hu)流(liu)域一(yi)(yi)帶。又據宋(song)(song)《談志》記載(zai),原(yuan)先湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)主要分布(bu)于浙(zhe)江(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)北(bei)部的(de)(de)安(an)吉、長(chang)(chang)興(xing)等(deng)縣(xian),后來(lai)逐(zhu)漸(jian)由山(shan)區移向(xiang)平原(yuan),由放牧轉入舍飼,經過人(ren)們(men)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)馴養和(he)選(xuan)育,逐(zhu)步形成了湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)品(pin)種。 21世紀以來(lai),羊(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)消費需求日益增(zeng)加價(jia)格也不斷攀升,規(gui)模化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、生(sheng)態化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、標準化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)養殖不斷發展(zhan),湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)產業發展(zhan)迅速。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州多(duo)次(ci)舉辦湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)節和(he)賽羊(yang)(yang)(yang)會(hui),湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)得到了弘(hong)揚。南(nan)潯區練市(shi)鎮被(bei)授(shou)予“湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)名鎮”榮譽(yu)稱(cheng)號,長(chang)(chang)興(xing)縣(xian)呂山(shan)鄉被(bei)授(shou)予“浙(zhe)江(jiang)(jiang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)之鄉”; 2015年長(chang)(chang)興(xing)呂山(shan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)獲(huo)得全國(guo)“十(shi)大魅(mei)力農(nong)產品(pin)”稱(cheng)號,德清(qing)新市(shi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)式(shi)剪羊(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)被(bei)編入了《中國(guo)名菜譜(pu)》, 湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州練市(shi)鎮榮膺浙(zhe)江(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)餐飲協會(hui)頒(ban)發的(de)(de)“紅燒羊(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)第(di)一(yi)(yi)鎮”美(mei)譽(yu)。
二.自然生態(tai)環境和人文歷史因素
1、生(sheng)態條件。湖(hu)州市地(di)處(chu)浙江(jiang)北(bei)部,太湖(hu)南(nan)岸,緊鄰江(jiang)蘇、安(an)徽兩(liang)省(sheng),是一個河流成(cheng)(cheng)網、交通(tong)方便、土壤(rang)肥沃、氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)暖、雨(yu)量(liang)充(chong)沛(pei),適(shi)宜發展糧(liang)食、畜牧等(deng)綜合性(xing)農業生(sheng)產(chan)的地(di)區(qu)(qu)。現(xian)轄(xia)三縣(xian)、兩(liang)區(qu)(qu),東部為(wei)(wei)水(shui)(shui)鄉平原(yuan),西(xi)部以山地(di)、丘陵為(wei)(wei)主,俗稱(cheng)“五(wu)山一水(shui)(shui)四(si)分田”。全市地(di)勢大(da)致由西(xi)南(nan)向東北(bei)傾斜,西(xi)部多山,東部為(wei)(wei)平原(yuan)水(shui)(shui)網區(qu)(qu)。京杭大(da)運河及東、西(xi)苕溪,杭寧(ning)、申(shen)(shen)蘇浙皖、申(shen)(shen)嘉湖(hu)高速及104、318國道等(deng)貫穿。獨特(te)的水(shui)(shui)網區(qu)(qu)域和(he)(he)(he)丘陵平原(yuan)相間的環境,給(gei)湖(hu)州湖(hu)羊生(sheng)產(chan)提(ti)供(gong)了優越的環境條件,同時(shi)也給(gei)飼(si)(si)養(yang)區(qu)(qu)間形成(cheng)(cheng)理想的防疫隔離(li)屏障。 2、氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)條件。湖(hu)州市地(di)處(chu)北(bei)亞熱帶季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)區(qu)(qu),季(ji)風(feng)顯著,四(si)季(ji)分明(ming);雨(yu)熱同季(ji),降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)充(chong)沛(pei);光溫(wen)同步,日(ri)照充(chong)沛(pei);氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)和(he)(he)(he),空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)濕(shi)潤;地(di)形起(qi)伏高差大(da),垂(chui)直氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)較明(ming)顯。全市年(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)12.2~17.3℃,無霜期224~246天(tian),年(nian)日(ri)照時(shi)數1613~2430小時(shi),年(nian)太陽(yang)輻射總量(liang)102~111千卡/平方厘米(mi),年(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)761~1780毫米(mi),年(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)日(ri)數116~156天(tian),年(nian)平均(jun)相對(dui)濕(shi)度均(jun)在80%以上(shang)。湖(hu)州風(feng)向季(ji)節變化明(ming)顯,冬半年(nian)盛行西(xi)北(bei)風(feng),夏半年(nian)盛行東南(nan)風(feng),年(nian)平均(jun)風(feng)速1.7~3.2米(mi)/秒。獨特(te)的氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)條件非常適(shi)合湖(hu)州湖(hu)羊的生(sheng)活(huo),有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)提(ti)高湖(hu)州湖(hu)羊品(pin)質,同時(shi)也有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)水(shui)(shui)稻、桑樹、蔬菜和(he)(he)(he)茶葉種植及牧草和(he)(he)(he)飼(si)(si)料作物生(sheng)長,更形成(cheng)(cheng)了 “桑基魚(yu)塘”的特(te)色,為(wei)(wei)湖(hu)州湖(hu)羊生(sheng)產(chan)提(ti)供(gong)豐富的農作物秸稈飼(si)(si)料資源外更為(wei)(wei)湖(hu)州湖(hu)羊提(ti)供(gong)良好的飼(si)(si)養(yang)場(chang)地(di)。
三.地域范圍
湖(hu)(hu)州(zhou)(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)羊產地為湖(hu)(hu)州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)域全(quan)境,轄吳興(xing)和(he)(he)南潯(xun)2個區和(he)(he)德清、長(chang)(chang)興(xing)、安(an)吉3個縣,具(ju)體分(fen)(fen)布于(yu)44個鄉(xiang)(鎮)、511個行政村(cun)。陸地分(fen)(fen)別與(yu)杭州(zhou)(zhou)余(yu)杭區、嘉興(xing)桐(tong)鄉(xiang)市(shi)(shi)、江(jiang)蘇吳江(jiang)市(shi)(shi)、安(an)徽(hui)寧(ning)國和(he)(he)廣德市(shi)(shi)、江(jiang)蘇宜興(xing)市(shi)(shi)相鄰,北面與(yu)太湖(hu)(hu)相連。位(wei)于(yu)東經119度(du)14分(fen)(fen)至(zhi)120度(du)29分(fen)(fen)、北緯30度(du)22分(fen)(fen)至(zhi)31度(du)11分(fen)(fen)之間,東西長(chang)(chang)126公里,南北寬90公里范圍內,總(zong)面積5818平(ping)方(fang)公里。
四.產(chan)品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質特(te)性(xing)特(te)征
1、感官(guan)特征 1.1外貌特征 湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)屬短脂(zhi)尾綿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。體(ti)(ti)(ti)格中等(deng),頭狹長(chang)而清秀,公、母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)均(jun)(jun)(jun)無(wu)(wu)(wu)角,鼻(bi)骨隆起,眼大凸出(chu),多(duo)(duo)數耳大下垂。頸細長(chang),體(ti)(ti)(ti)軀偏狹長(chang),肩胸(xiong)較(jiao)狹窄(zhai),背腰平(ping)直,腹微(wei)下垂,尾扁園(yuan)且尾尖上翹,四肢偏細而高(gao),母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)尻部略(lve)高(gao)于耆(qi)甲,乳(ru)房發(fa)達(da)。公羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)型(xing)較(jiao)大,前軀發(fa)達(da),胸(xiong)寬深,胸(xiong)毛(mao)粗(cu)長(chang)。 1.2生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)特征 湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)終年(nian)舍(she)飼(si)(si),適應高(gao)溫高(gao)濕環境。早(zao)期生(sheng)長(chang)發(fa)育(yu)快,6月齡羔羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)可達(da)成(cheng)(cheng)年(nian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)70%以上,成(cheng)(cheng)年(nian)公母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)分(fen)別為(wei)65公斤、45公斤左右(you)。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)早(zao),公母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)5~6月齡性(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu),四季發(fa)情,多(duo)(duo)胎多(duo)(duo)羔,平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)產(chan)(chan)羔率為(wei)230%左右(you)。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)產(chan)(chan)肉(rou)(rou)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)高(gao),屠(tu)宰率和(he)凈(jing)肉(rou)(rou)率分(fen)別為(wei)52%和(he)38%左右(you)。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou)質(zhi)細嫩多(duo)(duo)汁,胴(dong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)美(mei)觀(guan)、均(jun)(jun)(jun)稱、光凈(jing)、有彈性(xing)(xing),肉(rou)(rou)呈(cheng)棕紅色(se)(se),脂(zhi)肪分(fen)布均(jun)(jun)(jun)勻。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)初生(sheng)所宰剝的(de)(de)(de)小湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)皮(pi)(pi)皮(pi)(pi)板輕柔、毛(mao)色(se)(se)潔白(bai)、花紋呈(cheng)波浪狀、光澤美(mei)觀(guan)。 2、獨特的(de)(de)(de)內在品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi) 湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肥羔肉(rou)(rou)蛋(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)達(da)17%-19%,人(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)所需要的(de)(de)(de)必需氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)酸(suan)種(zhong)類齊全,氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)酸(suan)總(zong)量在14%-17%,谷氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)、天門冬氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)、亮氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)、賴氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)、纈氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)及蘇氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)等(deng)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)酸(suan)的(de)(de)(de)含量均(jun)(jun)(jun)較(jiao)豐富,尤其是谷氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)、賴氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)含量高(gao),占必需氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)酸(suan)總(zong)量的(de)(de)(de)16.5%和(he)8.7%。 3、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)相(xiang)關(guan)標(biao)準(zhun)與規范 2013年(nian),湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)州市湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)規模(mo)養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)比(bi)重(zhong)(存(cun)欄(lan)20只以上)為(wei)66.35%,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)逐漸(jian)由散養(yang)向(xiang)規模(mo)化(hua)方向(xiang)發(fa)展。遵(zun)照農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)部《無(wu)(wu)(wu)公害(hai)(hai)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)認證產(chan)(chan)地環境檢(jian)測管(guan)理(li)辦法(fa)》(農(nong)(nong)質(zhi)安發(fa)【2003】9號)、《無(wu)(wu)(wu)公害(hai)(hai)食品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)地環境質(zhi)量調查規范》(NT/T5335-2006)、《無(wu)(wu)(wu)公害(hai)(hai)食品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)地環境評(ping)價(jia)準(zhun)則》(NT/T5295-2004)及《無(wu)(wu)(wu)公害(hai)(hai)食品(pin)(pin)(pin)畜(chu)禽(qin)用水水質(zhi)》(NY5027-2008)等(deng)國家強制性(xing)(xing)技術規范的(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu),湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)州市太湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)合(he)作社、長(chang)興永盛牧業(ye)(ye)有限公司、南潯練市年(nian)豐湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)場(chang)(chang)、吳興明峰湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)場(chang)(chang)、南潯雅克家庭農(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)等(deng)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)規模(mo)養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)場(chang)(chang)均(jun)(jun)(jun)通(tong)過湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)公害(hai)(hai)產(chan)(chan)地、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)認證。同時,根據《種(zhong)畜(chu)禽(qin)管(guan)理(li)條(tiao)例》(1994,國務院令153號發(fa)布)、《種(zhong)畜(chu)禽(qin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經營(ying)許(xu)可證管(guan)理(li)辦法(fa)》(2004,農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)部令第38號修訂)、《中華(hua)人(ren)民共和(he)國畜(chu)牧法(fa)》及《中華(hua)人(ren)民共和(he)國動物防疫(yi)法(fa)》等(deng)法(fa)律法(fa)規和(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)特性(xing)(xing)、等(deng)級評(ping)定標(biao)準(zhun)(GB 4631-2006),修訂頒布《湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)養(yang)技術規范》(DB 3305/T27—2013)。
五.特(te)定生產方(fang)式(shi)
1、環境(jing)(jing)與設(she)施 湖(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖選(xuan)址要(yao)地(di)勢高燥,水源(yuan)充足;距(ju)離(li)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水源(yuan)地(di)、動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)屠宰加(jia)(jia)工場(chang)所(suo)、動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)和(he)(he)(he)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)集(ji)貿(mao)市場(chang)500米以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang);羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場(chang)布局要(yao)合理(li)(li)(li)(li),有圍(wei)墻,管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)與生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)區、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區分(fen)離(li),建有相應(ying)(ying)防(fang)(fang)疫(yi)(yi)、排泄物(wu)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)等配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)套(tao)設(she)施,污道凈道分(fen)設(she)。羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)(she)一(yi)(yi)般為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坐北朝南建設(she),偏東不(bu)(bu)超過(guo)30度(du),保持羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)(she)縱(zong)向軸線與當(dang)(dang)(dang)地(di)常(chang)年主導風向呈30度(du)-60度(du)角;羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)(she)間(jian)距(ju)一(yi)(yi)般為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)5米~7米,羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)欄(lan)應(ying)(ying)沿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)(she)長(chang)軸方(fang)向呈單列或(huo)雙(shuang)列布置,羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)(she)檐高2.5m以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)床(chuang)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)木(mu)條(tiao)、老毛竹(zhu)條(tiao)或(huo)水泥預制(zhi)品(pin)鋪成,間(jian)隔1cm-1.5cm空隙以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)漏糞尿。羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場(chang)內(nei)必(bi)須配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)備(bei)柵欄(lan)、食槽(cao)、飲水槽(cao)或(huo)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)乳(ru)頭式(shi)飲水器、羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)補(bu)料(liao)(liao)槽(cao)、冰箱等設(she)施。 2、品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)性能(neng) 湖(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)早期(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)快、成熟早、四季發情(qing)、多胎多產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan),所(suo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)皮(pi)(pi)花紋美觀,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我國特(te)有的(de)(de)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)皮(pi)(pi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)優(you)良(liang)地(di)方(fang)綿(mian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。湖(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性情(qing)溫順,食性雜,耐(nai)粗飼(si)(si),易管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。 3、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)技(ji)(ji)術(shu) 3.1 羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li) 羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)后(hou)(hou)30分(fen)鐘內(nei)及時(shi)吃上(shang)(shang)初(chu)乳(ru),羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)后(hou)(hou)40日(ri)(ri)齡內(nei)對于母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)乳(ru)不(bu)(bu)足的(de)(de)弱羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)做好人(ren)工輔助或(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)代(dai)乳(ru)品(pin)哺喂(wei)(wei), 7—10日(ri)(ri)齡羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)開(kai)始補(bu)飼(si)(si)優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)青干(gan)(gan)草和(he)(he)(he)粗蛋(dan)白為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)16%的(de)(de)精(jing)料(liao)(liao), 45日(ri)(ri)-70日(ri)(ri)齡體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)在(zai)15公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)左(zuo)右羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)實(shi)施斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)奶,斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)奶后(hou)(hou)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)按照公(gong)(gong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)、大小分(fen)群(qun)飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)。 3.2 育肥羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li) 保證生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)充足營養(yang)(yang)(yang),出(chu)(chu)欄(lan)前(qian)45天(tian)(tian)-60天(tian)(tian)進行(xing)(xing)短(duan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)育肥,育肥后(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)嚴格(ge)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)休(xiu)藥(yao)期(qi)(qi)(qi),達不(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)休(xiu)藥(yao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de),禁(jin)止出(chu)(chu)售。 3.3 繁殖母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li) 空懷(huai)期(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)群(qun)養(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主,配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)一(yi)(yi)個月(yue)(yue)(yue)對母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)短(duan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)優(you)飼(si)(si),配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)至30天(tian)(tian)內(nei)應(ying)(ying)適(shi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)降低營養(yang)(yang)(yang)標準,妊娠第(di)一(yi)(yi)個月(yue)(yue)(yue)保證母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)環境(jing)(jing)安靜,妊娠31天(tian)(tian)至90天(tian)(tian),可(ke)(ke)適(shi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)加(jia)(jia)料(liao)(liao),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)干(gan)(gan)草為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主,妊娠90天(tian)(tian)至分(fen)娩前(qian),按母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)膘情(qing),逐(zhu)步適(shi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)加(jia)(jia)料(liao)(liao),不(bu)(bu)隨(sui)意(yi)改變飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)方(fang)式(shi)和(he)(he)(he)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群(qun)換欄(lan),減少并(bing)圈和(he)(he)(he)驅趕運動(dong)(dong)(dong),避免應(ying)(ying)激造(zao)成流(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan);臨(lin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)前(qian)7天(tian)(tian),做好乳(ru)房保健;分(fen)娩結束后(hou)(hou),應(ying)(ying)給母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)喂(wei)(wei)麩皮(pi)(pi)鹽湯(tang),產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)后(hou)(hou)1~3天(tian)(tian)內(nei)適(shi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)減少精(jing)料(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)(he)青綠(lv)飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)喂(wei)(wei)量(liang),母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)娩3天(tian)(tian)~5天(tian)(tian)后(hou)(hou),日(ri)(ri)糧精(jing)料(liao)(liao)應(ying)(ying)逐(zhu)步增加(jia)(jia),干(gan)(gan)草自(zi)由(you)采食;斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)奶前(qian)7天(tian)(tian)~10天(tian)(tian)應(ying)(ying)減少精(jing)料(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)(he)多汁(zhi)飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)喂(wei)(wei)量(liang),防(fang)(fang)止乳(ru)房炎的(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)。 3.4 配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) 初(chu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)年齡為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)-8月(yue)(yue)(yue)齡、體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)35公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)-10月(yue)(yue)(yue)齡、體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)45公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),初(chu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)達到(dao)(dao)成年羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)的(de)(de)70%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang);一(yi)(yi)般以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)春秋二季配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong), 4月(yue)(yue)(yue)-6月(yue)(yue)(yue)份、9-11月(yue)(yue)(yue)份配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜,現(xian)實(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)注(zhu)意(yi)避開(kai)7月(yue)(yue)(yue)-8月(yue)(yue)(yue)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)仔;合理(li)(li)(li)(li)安排生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)模式(shi),實(shi)現(xian)2年產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)3胎的(de)(de)目標,提倡推(tui)廣“一(yi)(yi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)帶雙(shuang)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)”和(he)(he)(he)“羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)適(shi)時(shi)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)奶或(huo)提前(qian)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)奶”等實(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)套(tao)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)。 4、選(xuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育技(ji)(ji)術(shu) 湖(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)本(ben)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主,后(hou)(hou)備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)應(ying)(ying)考慮(lv)同胞數(shu)、羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)皮(pi)(pi)等級(ji)和(he)(he)(he)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)等選(xuan)育指(zhi)標,盡量(liang)從多羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)后(hou)(hou)代(dai)中(zhong)選(xuan)留個體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti),初(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)重(zhong)2.25 kg以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)2 kg以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang);同胎羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)數(shu)公(gong)(gong)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)2頭以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)3頭以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang);六月(yue)(yue)(yue)齡平均體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)35kg、公(gong)(gong)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)45 kg,成年羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)平均體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)79 kg以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)、母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)50 kg以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)。保持能(neng)繁母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群(qun)更新率在(zai)25%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang);及時(shi)淘汰更新種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang),防(fang)(fang)止近親交(jiao)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)。 5、疫(yi)(yi)病(bing)預防(fang)(fang)控制(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu) 湖(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)環境(jing)(jing)、水質(zhi)(zhi)符(fu)合動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)防(fang)(fang)疫(yi)(yi)條(tiao)件和(he)(he)(he)無(wu)公(gong)(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)相關規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)要(yao)求;生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程中(zhong)不(bu)(bu)得使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)《食品(pin)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)禁(jin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)獸藥(yao)及其他化(hua)合物(wu)清單》規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)藥(yao)物(wu),出(chu)(chu)售前(qian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)必(bi)須執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)《獸藥(yao)休(xiu)藥(yao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)》;羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場(chang)建立日(ri)(ri)常(chang)衛生(sheng)(sheng)消毒(du)制(zhi)度(du)和(he)(he)(he)緊急消毒(du)預案;嚴格(ge)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)免疫(yi)(yi)程序,免疫(yi)(yi)時(shi)間(jian)可(ke)(ke)根(gen)據生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)實(shi)際和(he)(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)免疫(yi)(yi)力的(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)確(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding),并(bing)應(ying)(ying)定(ding)(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)(qi)檢(jian)測抗體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)水平。其他疫(yi)(yi)病(bing)預防(fang)(fang)免疫(yi)(yi)根(gen)據當(dang)(dang)(dang)地(di)疫(yi)(yi)情(qing)或(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)防(fang)(fang)疫(yi)(yi)部門的(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)確(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。 6、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)后(hou)(hou)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)技(ji)(ji)術(shu) 羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場(chang)應(ying)(ying)有統一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)記錄表格(ge),準確(que)完整(zheng)地(di)填寫生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)情(qing)況(包括(kuo)引進種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)日(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)、羔(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)日(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)、初(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)重(zhong)、二月(yue)(yue)(yue)齡種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、補(bu)料(liao)(liao)數(shu)量(liang)、免疫(yi)(yi)注(zhu)射(she)日(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)、診斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)與用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)、肉羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)(chu)售、病(bing)死(si)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)無(wu)害(hai)化(hua)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)等記錄);種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、可(ke)(ke)繁母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)應(ying)(ying)登記編號、佩帶耳標,并(bing)記錄其主要(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)性能(neng);根(gen)據原始記錄,定(ding)(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)(qi)進行(xing)(xing)統計、分(fen)析和(he)(he)(he)總結,及時(shi)指(zhi)導生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。
六.包裝(zhuang)標(biao)識相關規定(ding)
湖州市(shi)域全境從事湖羊生產經營者,在(zai)產品或包(bao)裝上使(shi)用已獲登記保護的農(nong)產品地理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志,須向湖州市(shi)畜牧獸醫局提出申請,簽訂標(biao)(biao)(biao)志使(shi)用協議,并按照(zhao)相(xiang)關(guan)要求(qiu)規(gui)范生產和(he)使(shi)用標(biao)(biao)(biao)志,統一采(cai)用產品名(ming)稱和(he)農(nong)產品地理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志公(gong)共標(biao)(biao)(biao)識相(xiang)結合的標(biao)(biao)(biao)識標(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)方(fang)法。