芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種珍貴(gui)的食用菌，明(ming)、清時皆(jie)以“山(shan)(shan)珍”被列為貢品(pin)(pin)。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)利用金剛刺釀(niang)酒殘渣(zha)培育出(chu)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)，而后經紫外線誘(you)變選育出(chu)“常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)99號(hao)”菌株(zhu)，至此常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)正(zheng)式面世。1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)在北京人民(min)大(da)(da)會(hui)(hui)堂舉(ju)行(xing)品(pin)(pin)嘗(chang)會(hui)(hui)，全國人大(da)(da)常(chang)(chang)委會(hui)(hui)副委員長嚴濟慈(ci)，全國政(zheng)協(xie)副主席費孝通(tong)等(deng)大(da)(da)批(pi)領(ling)導及知名(ming)人士參加(jia)，會(hui)(hui)上嚴濟慈(ci)題詞：“常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、浙(zhe)(zhe)江一(yi)(yi)(yi)寶”。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，清宣(xuan)統(tong)帝溥儀之弟溥杰為常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)題字(zi)：“山(shan)(shan)珍猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、海味(wei)燕窩”。 2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)被浙(zhe)(zhe)江省農業廳(ting)評(ping)定為“浙(zhe)(zhe)江名(ming)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)”。2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)政(zheng)府將常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)提升到“常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)三(san)寶”高度，進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步打造(zao)金名(ming)片(pian)。1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)微生物總廠生產的“常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)江牌(pai)”猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)罐頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)干品(pin)(pin)榮(rong)(rong)獲(huo)“商業部(bu)優質產品(pin)(pin)”；2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)被評(ping)為“浙(zhe)(zhe)江名(ming)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)”；2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)獲(huo)得國家農產品(pin)(pin)地理標志登記，“森(sen)力牌(pai)”猴(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)榮(rong)(rong)獲(huo)第十三(san)屆(jie)中(zhong)國國際(ji)農產品(pin)(pin)交(jiao)易會(hui)(hui)金獎(jiang)。

二.自然生態(tai)環境和人文歷史因素

1、地(di)形地(di)貌：常(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣位于浙(zhe)江西(xi)部(bu)，錢塘江上游，自古(gu)有(you)“四省(sheng)通衢(qu)，兩浙(zhe)首站”之(zhi)稱(cheng)。常(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)貌屬低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵型，地(di)勢南(nan)北高，中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)低(di)，由西(xi)北向東南(nan)傾斜，境(jing)域面(mian)積1099.07平(ping)方公里。境(jing)內多山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，中(zhong)部(bu)為山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)間(jian)(jian)盆地(di)，最(zui)高海(hai)(hai)拔1395米，最(zui)低(di)海(hai)(hai)拔72米，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)面(mian)積占全(quan)縣總面(mian)積的74.57%，素有(you)“八山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)半(ban)水(shui)分(fen)半(ban)田”之(zhi)說。 2、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境(jing)：常(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣位于中(zhong)亞熱(re)帶(dai)北緣地(di)帶(dai)，生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境(jing)優(you)越，是(shi)國家級生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)示范區(qu)和浙(zhe)江省(sheng)重要的生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)屏障(zhang)，全(quan)縣森林面(mian)積120.64萬畝，森林覆蓋率(lv)達73.2%，出境(jing)水(shui)質達到三(san)類(lei)水(shui)標準(zhun)，常(chang)(chang)(chang)年(nian)(nian)空(kong)氣質量(liang)保持(chi)在(zai)二級以上，享有(you)“綠色常(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、天然氧吧”的美(mei)譽。 3、氣候(hou)特征：常(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣屬亞熱(re)帶(dai)季(ji)風氣候(hou)，四季(ji)分(fen)明(ming)，氣溫適中(zhong)，熱(re)資源較豐富(fu)；雨(yu)量(liang)充沛，雨(yu)熱(re)同季(ji)，空(kong)氣濕潤。年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣溫17.4℃，極端(duan)最(zui)低(di)氣溫-7.8℃，極端(duan)最(zui)高氣溫41.8℃；年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)量(liang)在(zai)1500～1900毫米左右，年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)濕度在(zai)73%～78%之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)，年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)無霜期238天。

三.地域范圍

常山猴頭(tou)菇(gu)地(di)理標(biao)志地(di)域(yu)保(bao)護范圍為(wei)：地(di)理坐(zuo)標(biao)為(wei)東(dong)(dong)經118°15′～118°45′，北緯28°46′～29°13′之間。包括球川鎮(zhen)(zhen)、白石(shi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、青石(shi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、招賢鎮(zhen)(zhen)、芳村(cun)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、輝埠鎮(zhen)(zhen)、何家鄉(xiang)(xiang)、同弓鄉(xiang)(xiang)、新(xin)昌(chang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、大橋(qiao)頭(tou)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、東(dong)(dong)案鄉(xiang)(xiang)、金川街(jie)道(dao)(dao)、紫(zi)港(gang)街(jie)道(dao)(dao)、天(tian)馬街(jie)道(dao)(dao)等14個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)（街(jie)道(dao)(dao)）180個(ge)行政村(cun)。現有生產規模100公頃(qing)，栽培量750萬(wan)袋(dai)，年產鮮菇(gu)4500噸。保(bao)護規模面積20000公頃(qing)。

四.產品品質(zhi)特性特征

1、形態(tai)特征 常山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)鮮(xian)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)色(se)澤潔白或(huo)淡黃(huang)色(se)，外(wai)形頭(tou)(tou)狀、球形至(zhi)(zhi)扁半(ban)球形，無柄，直徑3～15cm，肉質(zhi)(zhi)細嫩，表面密布針形菌刺，菌刺長0.2～1.5cm。鮮(xian)品(pin)(pin)有猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)特有清香，口(kou)感嫩滑，成熟后味(wei)微(wei)苦；干(gan)品(pin)(pin)呈淡黃(huang)色(se)至(zhi)(zhi)黃(huang)褐色(se)，香味(wei)濃郁，味(wei)微(wei)苦。 2、品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)特色(se) 常山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)營養豐富(fu)，富(fu)含(han)蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)、氨基(ji)酸、維(wei)生(sheng)素以及鉀、鈣、鐵、鋅等(deng)微(wei)量(liang)元素，并含(han)有猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)多糖等(deng)活性成份。每100g干(gan)品(pin)(pin)含(han)蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)≥12.0克(ke)，脂(zhi)肪≥3.0克(ke)，粗多糖≥3.0克(ke)。 3、質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)規定 常山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)生(sheng)產(chan)通過(guo)嚴(yan)(yan)格控制生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程，嚴(yan)(yan)禁在生(sheng)產(chan)、加(jia)工過(guo)程中添加(jia)或(huo)使用有害有毒投入品(pin)(pin)，產(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)采取嚴(yan)(yan)格對猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)、粗多糖等(deng)理化指標(biao)以及衛(wei)生(sheng)指標(biao)檢測(ce)、監控，衛(wei)生(sheng)指標(biao)按照(zhao)GB 7096《食用菌衛(wei)生(sheng)標(biao)準》執行。

五.特定生(sheng)產方(fang)式

（一(yi)）產(chan)地(di)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu): 常山(shan)猴頭(tou)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)生產(chan)場地(di)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)生態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)良好(hao)、三(san)級(ji)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水質(zhi)(zhi)，周(zhou)圍300米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)無(wu)(wu)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)污水及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)它污染(ran)源。生產(chan)區域環(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)NY 5010《無(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin) 蔬(shu)菜產(chan)地(di)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)條件》的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。 （二）栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：宜(yi)(yi)(yi)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong) “常山(shan)猴頭(tou)99號”等(deng)優良品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 （三(san)）生產(chan)技術： 1、栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)季節。9月(yue)下(xia)旬至(zhi)10月(yue)中(zhong)旬制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai)(dai)，當(dang)年10月(yue)下(xia)旬至(zhi)翌年4月(yue)出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)。 2、栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)NY 5099《無(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin) 食(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)安全技術要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)》規(gui)(gui)定(ding)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。基(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)配方(fang)(fang)：﹙1﹚棉籽殼(ke)70%、雜木(mu)(mu)屑15%、麩皮(pi)14%、石(shi)膏(gao)或(huo)輕(qing)質(zhi)(zhi)碳酸(suan)鈣1%。﹙2﹚甘蔗渣或(huo)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)芯(xin)65%、雜木(mu)(mu)屑15%、麩皮(pi)14%、玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)粉5%、石(shi)膏(gao)或(huo)輕(qing)質(zhi)(zhi)碳酸(suan)鈣1%。 3、制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai)(dai) （1）拌料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。根(gen)據配方(fang)(fang)將(jiang)(jiang)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)混(hun)合(he)(he)，邊(bian)攪拌邊(bian)加(jia)(jia)適(shi)(shi)量(liang)(liang)水，使培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)含水量(liang)(liang)為61%～63%（用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)緊握料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，指(zhi)縫間(jian)(jian)有水珠但(dan)不下(xia)滴），pH值(zhi)為6.0～7.0。 （2）裝(zhuang)(zhuang)袋(dai)(dai)。選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)規(gui)(gui)格(ge)為12.5厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)×55厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)×0.0045厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)聚乙烯(xi)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)袋(dai)(dai)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)袋(dai)(dai)機(ji)將(jiang)(jiang)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)入塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)袋(dai)(dai)，松緊以(yi)(yi)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)緊貼(tie)袋(dai)(dai)壁為度。裝(zhuang)(zhuang)袋(dai)(dai)后(hou)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)濕重1400～1500克（折干(gan)(gan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)650～750克），料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)棒(bang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)42～44厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)；袋(dai)(dai)外壁培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)應(ying)(ying)擦凈，采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)繩或(huo)鋁(lv)卡(ka)扎(zha)口(kou)。裝(zhuang)(zhuang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)應(ying)(ying)在4小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內完(wan)成。 4、滅(mie)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)和接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) （1）滅(mie)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。裝(zhuang)(zhuang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)后(hou)應(ying)(ying)立即(ji)滅(mie)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。每(mei)灶裝(zhuang)(zhuang)6000～7000袋(dai)(dai)，6小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)內升溫(wen)(wen)(wen)至(zhi)100℃，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)16～18小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。停(ting)火(huo)后(hou)，當(dang)灶內溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度自然(ran)降(jiang)至(zhi)80℃出(chu)灶，把料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)棒(bang)搬到已清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗干(gan)(gan)凈并經消毒的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻室內，“#”形(xing)(xing)堆(dui)疊冷(leng)卻。 （2）接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)棒(bang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度冷(leng)卻到28℃以(yi)(yi)下(xia)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，在接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)室、接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)箱按無(wu)(wu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)操作(zuo)規(gui)(gui)程接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同一(yi)側面均勻接(jie)三(san)個(ge)穴(xue)點，穴(xue)直(zhi)徑(jing)1.5厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，深(shen)2厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)左(zuo)右，塊狀菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)填滿接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴(xue)，每(mei)袋(dai)(dai)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)接(jie)12～14棒(bang)，接(jie)后(hou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外套薄袋(dai)(dai)。 5、培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang) （1）培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)室要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)室應(ying)(ying)清(qing)(qing)(qing)潔(jie)、干(gan)(gan)燥、遮(zhe)(zhe)光(guang)、通(tong)(tong)風，保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)性好(hao)。 （2）培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)層(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)式(shi)發菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，將(jiang)(jiang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)逐層(ceng)(ceng)橫(heng)放(fang)(fang)在栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)層(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)上(shang)(shang)；采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)“#”形(xing)(xing)疊放(fang)(fang)發菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，將(jiang)(jiang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)從地(di)面起逐層(ceng)(ceng)交錯堆(dui)放(fang)(fang)，高(gao)8～10層(ceng)(ceng)。 （3）培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)管(guan)(guan)理。培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)室溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度宜(yi)(yi)(yi)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在23～25℃，空(kong)氣(qi)相(xiang)對濕度控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在65%～70%。整個(ge)發菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)期(qi)(qi)應(ying)(ying)避(bi)光(guang)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)，每(mei)天通(tong)(tong)風2次(ci)，每(mei)次(ci)10分(fen)鐘。接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)約(yue)(yue)10天，菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)落直(zhi)徑(jing)5厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)左(zuo)右時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，脫去(qu)外袋(dai)(dai)，增加(jia)(jia)穴(xue)口(kou)供氧量(liang)(liang)，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，疏棒(bang)散(san)(san)熱、降(jiang)低堆(dui)高(gao)，或(huo)將(jiang)(jiang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)疏散(san)(san)到架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)層(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)(shang)。在23～25℃的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)下(xia)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)25～30天，菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)絲長(chang)(chang)(chang)滿菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)，即(ji)可(ke)(ke)(ke)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)入出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)管(guan)(guan)理。 6、出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu) （1）菇(gu)(gu)(gu)房(fang)(fang)（棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)）要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)房(fang)(fang)（棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)）應(ying)(ying)清(qing)(qing)(qing)潔(jie)、通(tong)(tong)風、有適(shi)(shi)量(liang)(liang)散(san)(san)射光(guang)，并能控溫(wen)(wen)(wen)、保(bao)(bao)濕。宜(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)遮(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)平棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內搭建中(zhong)型(xing)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)拱棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)的(de)(de)(de)雙棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)設施(shi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)，外層(ceng)(ceng)遮(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)平棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)高(gao)2.5～3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，以(yi)(yi)立柱(zhu)(zhu)支撐棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)頂，立柱(zhu)(zhu)行距(ju)4.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，柱(zhu)(zhu)距(ju)2～3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)頂鋪遮(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)網，棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)四周(zhou)圍遮(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)網或(huo)草簾。2～6架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)內菇(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)共用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)外蔭棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)，較(jiao)利于(yu)通(tong)(tong)風換氣(qi)。 （2）層(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。一(yi)個(ge)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)設兩排(pai)層(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，層(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)寬(kuan)1米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，兩排(pai)層(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)設邊(bian)道兩條各(ge)寬(kuan)0.7米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)寬(kuan)1.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)道，層(ceng)(ceng)間(jian)(jian)距(ju)28～30厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，共5～6層(ceng)(ceng)，底層(ceng)(ceng)距(ju)地(di)面25厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，頂層(ceng)(ceng)離棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)頂60厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。每(mei)層(ceng)(ceng)沿(yan)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)縱(zong)向固定(ding)4根(gen)竹木(mu)(mu)或(huo)鋼管(guan)(guan)等(deng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)材，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)擺(bai)放(fang)(fang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)。架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)柱(zhu)(zhu)頂上(shang)(shang)綁扎(zha)竹片、木(mu)(mu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，呈拱形(xing)(xing)或(huo)脊形(xing)(xing)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)覆蓋薄膜(mo)。棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)膜(mo)幅寬(kuan)7.5～8米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)度以(yi)(yi)20～30米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)為宜(yi)(yi)(yi)。可(ke)(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)毛竹、木(mu)(mu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)等(deng)作(zuo)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)柱(zhu)(zhu)，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼管(guan)(guan)焊(han)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)鋼筋混(hun)凝土(tu)預(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 （3）出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度。適(shi)(shi)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度16～20℃。 （4）出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)管(guan)(guan)理。將(jiang)(jiang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)單層(ceng)(ceng)、臥排(pai)于(yu)層(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)上(shang)(shang)，挖除表層(ceng)(ceng)老種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)塊，接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴(xue)口(kou)朝下(xia)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)面灑水，微噴加(jia)(jia)濕，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)房(fang)(fang)（棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)）空(kong)氣(qi)濕度90%；保(bao)(bao)證有散(san)(san)射光(guang)，一(yi)般要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)200～400勒克斯光(guang)照(zhao)度，誘導原基(ji)(ji)(ji)形(xing)(xing)成。經4～5天，幼(you)蕾即(ji)從接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴(xue)口(kou)長(chang)(chang)(chang)出(chu)。保(bao)(bao)持(chi)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)房(fang)(fang)（棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)）空(kong)氣(qi)新(xin)鮮，無(wu)(wu)悶(men)氣(qi)感(gan)，門窗(chuang)掛遮(zhe)(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)網、草簾，防(fang)止子(zi)實(shi)體被風直(zhi)吹。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度高(gao)于(yu)24℃時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，要(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)掀開四周(zhou)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)薄膜(mo)，增加(jia)(jia)對菇(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)及(ji)(ji)(ji)四周(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)噴水次(ci)數和噴水量(liang)(liang)；溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度低于(yu)10℃時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)，適(shi)(shi)當(dang)密閉塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)薄膜(mo)，中(zhong)午溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度較(jiao)高(gao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)掀開通(tong)(tong)風。子(zi)實(shi)體生長(chang)(chang)(chang)階段，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)濕度85%～90%。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)蕾形(xing)(xing)成后(hou)，約(yue)(yue)經10天子(zi)實(shi)體發育成熟即(ji)可(ke)(ke)(ke)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)。 7、采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou) （1）采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)。當(dang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)刺在0.2～1.5厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，未彈射孢子(zi)前(qian)及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)。 （2）采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)抓住菇(gu)(gu)(gu)體輕(qing)輕(qing)扭(niu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)拔(ba)下(xia)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)大留小(xiao)，除去(qu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)體基(ji)(ji)(ji)部雜質(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，按規(gui)(gui)格(ge)分(fen)級(ji)。 8、采(cai)(cai)(cai)后(hou)管(guan)(guan)理。前(qian)一(yi)潮(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)后(hou)，要(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)理出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)口(kou)殘留物(wu)，停(ting)止噴水2～3天，并揭膜(mo)通(tong)(tong)風12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，使出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)點及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)風干(gan)(gan)，防(fang)止發霉(mei)，促進菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)絲積(ji)累養(yang)分(fen)。經2～3天養(yang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)后(hou)，再重復第一(yi)潮(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)管(guan)(guan)理。經7～10天，第二、三(san)潮(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)蕾即(ji)可(ke)(ke)(ke)出(chu)現，按第一(yi)潮(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)管(guan)(guan)理。一(yi)般可(ke)(ke)(ke)收(shou)3～4潮(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)，生物(wu)學效率可(ke)(ke)(ke)達100%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)。 9、分(fen)級(ji)。按感(gan)官指(zhi)標(biao)分(fen)為一(yi)級(ji)、二級(ji)和三(san)級(ji) 10、衛(wei)生要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。應(ying)(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)GB 7096《食(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衛(wei)生標(biao)準》規(gui)(gui)定(ding)。 11、檢(jian)驗方(fang)(fang)法(fa)、檢(jian)驗規(gui)(gui)則、標(biao)志、標(biao)簽(qian)、包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、運(yun)輸、貯(zhu)存。按GB 7096《食(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衛(wei)生標(biao)準》和NY 5095《無(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin) 食(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》規(gui)(gui)定(ding)進行。 12、病蟲害(hai)(hai)防(fang)治 （1）主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)病蟲害(hai)(hai)。病害(hai)(hai)以(yi)(yi)霉(mei)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(毛霉(mei)、脈孢霉(mei)、木(mu)(mu)霉(mei)、黃曲霉(mei))、細菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)性基(ji)(ji)(ji)腐病為主(zhu)，蟲害(hai)(hai)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有菇(gu)(gu)(gu)蠅、菇(gu)(gu)(gu)蚊。 （2）預(yu)防(fang)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。一(yi)是(shi)嚴格(ge)檢(jian)查(cha)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源。二是(shi)凈化(hua)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)。每(mei)潮(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)后(hou)要(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)理菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)殘留的(de)(de)(de)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)根(gen)，減少污染(ran)源。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)廢料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)要(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)運(yun)離生產(chan)場地(di)。三(san)是(shi)出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)期(qi)(qi)間(jian)(jian)禁(jin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)潮(chao)期(qi)(qi)間(jian)(jian)如需用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)，按GB/T 8321《農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)合(he)(he)理使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)準則》規(gui)(gui)定(ding)執行。

六.包裝標識相關規定(ding)

按照農(nong)(nong)業部關于農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)有(you)(you)關規(gui)(gui)定，對(dui)常(chang)(chang)山猴(hou)頭(tou)菇地(di)(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)做如下(xia)規(gui)(gui)定：凡在標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)圍內生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營的(de)常(chang)(chang)山猴(hou)頭(tou)菇，并按照常(chang)(chang)山猴(hou)頭(tou)菇生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)質量控制規(gui)(gui)范(fan)的(de)種植戶，在產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)和包(bao)裝上使(shi)用(yong)已獲得的(de)常(chang)(chang)山猴(hou)頭(tou)菇地(di)(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)，須向登記證書持有(you)(you)人(ren)提出(chu)申請(qing)，并簽(qian)訂相(xiang)(xiang)關合同，按照相(xiang)(xiang)關要求規(gui)(gui)范(fan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)和使(shi)用(yong)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)，統一采用(yong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)名稱和農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)公共(gong)標(biao)(biao)識相(xiang)(xiang)結合的(de)標(biao)(biao)識標(biao)(biao)注。縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)以(yi)上人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)農(nong)(nong)業行政(zheng)主(zhu)管部門對(dui)常(chang)(chang)山猴(hou)頭(tou)菇地(di)(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)負有(you)(you)監(jian)督管理職(zhi)能，定期對(dui)登記的(de)地(di)(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)地(di)(di)域范(fan)圍、標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)等進行監(jian)督檢查。鼓勵單位(wei)和個人(ren)對(dui)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)進行社會(hui)監(jian)督。使(shi)用(yong)本地(di)(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營者(zhe)，對(dui)地(di)(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)質量和信譽負責，違反本規(gui)(gui)定的(de)，由(you)縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)以(yi)上人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)農(nong)(nong)業行政(zheng)主(zhu)管部門依(yi)照《中華(hua)人(ren)民共(gong)和國農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質量安(an)全法(fa)》有(you)(you)關規(gui)(gui)定處罰。