《定軍山(shan)》又名(ming)《取(qu)東川》《一戰成功》,京劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)傳(chuan)統劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)目。取(qu)材于《三國演義》,大體(ti)與清宮廷大戲(xi)《鼎峙春秋》中的內容相仿。劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)本由譚富英、陶君起整理,寶(bao)文堂(tang)出版。有《戲(xi)考》《戲(xi)學(xue)匯考》《戲(xi)典》《修訂平(ping)劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)選》《戲(xi)學(xue)指南》《名(ming)伶京劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)大觀(guan)》《京劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)從刊》等(deng)刊本。除京劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)外,漢劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、川劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、微劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、秦腔(qiang)、晉劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、粵劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、滇劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、同州(zhou)梆(bang)子河北梆(bang)子等(deng)劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)種均有該劇(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)目。
該劇目講述了(le)三(san)國時(shi)期,魏蜀交戰,曹操遣大(da)將(jiang)張頜攻打葭萌關,張敗走(zou)定軍山,投奔夏(xia)侯(hou)淵(yuan)(yuan)。諸葛亮用(yong)激將(jiang)法(fa)使黃忠立下(xia)軍令狀,發誓十日(ri)內(nei)攻下(xia)定軍山。兩(liang)軍交戰中,黃忠生擒(qin)夏(xia)侯(hou)淵(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)侄(zhi)夏(xia)侯(hou)尚,并(bing)用(yong)其換取(qu)(qu)部將(jiang)陳式。在走(zou)馬換將(jiang)之(zhi)際(ji),黃忠將(jiang)夏(xia)侯(hou)尚射(she)死,激夏(xia)侯(hou)淵(yuan)(yuan)出陣較量,并(bing)施展(zhan)拖(tuo)刀計,斬殺(sha)夏(xia)侯(hou)淵(yuan)(yuan),奪(duo)取(qu)(qu)定軍山。
諸(zhu)(zhu)葛(ge)亮(liang)一(yi)生(sheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)兵(bing),善用(yong)(yong)(yong)激(ji)將(jiang)(jiang)之(zhi)法(fa)。建(jian)安(an)二(er)十三年(nian),魏將(jiang)(jiang)張(zhang)(zhang)郃(he)(he)犯葭萌關,守將(jiang)(jiang)霍(huo)峻申(shen)報乞(qi)救(jiu)。諸(zhu)(zhu)葛(ge)亮(liang)又(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)此(ci)法(fa),佯(yang)言欲向(xiang)閬(lang)中(zhong)調取(qu)張(zhang)(zhang)飛往敵,并力(li)夸張(zhang)(zhang)郃(he)(he)乃魏之(zhi)名將(jiang)(jiang),斷非張(zhang)(zhang)飛不可,以激(ji)眾心。時(shi)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)年(nian)雖老,然心雄(xiong)萬夫,竟為諸(zhu)(zhu)葛(ge)亮(liang)所激(ji)動(dong),即在(zai)(zai)帳前(qian)輪刀開弓,以示(shi)勇(yong)(yong)力(li)。銳(rui)身自任,愿往破張(zhang)(zhang)郃(he)(he),并舉(ju)老將(jiang)(jiang)嚴(yan)顏為副。諸(zhu)(zhu)葛(ge)亮(liang)知二(er)人(ren)智勇(yong)(yong)兼全,本自可用(yong)(yong)(yong),遂遣之(zhi)。既(ji)赴救(jiu)。張(zhang)(zhang)郃(he)(he)欺二(er)將(jiang)(jiang)皆老邁,易視之(zhi),不意黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)始(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)驕兵(bing)之(zhi)計,連次佯(yang)敗(bai),卒(zu)于(yu)一(yi)夜突出(chu)襲殺(sha),大敗(bai)張(zhang)(zhang)郃(he)(he)軍,直(zhi)逼漢水。張(zhang)(zhang)郃(he)(he)、夏(xia)侯(hou)(hou)尚等(deng),只(zhi)得退奔天蕩(dang)山(shan)夏(xia)侯(hou)(hou)德處。蓋天蕩(dang)、米倉兩(liang)山(shan),系魏兵(bing)屯糧之(zhi)要隘(ai)也。詎張(zhang)(zhang)郃(he)(he)、夏(xia)侯(hou)(hou)尚等(deng)才至(zhi)未(wei)幾,黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)已引軍追及,鼓噪而進。蓋黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)預遣嚴(yan)顏抄出(chu)山(shan)后,在(zai)(zai)前(qian)燒屯接應(ying)。故能一(yi)戰(zhan)而克天蕩(dang)。斬夏(xia)侯(hou)(hou)德,兵(bing)勢如破竹(zhu)也。既(ji)得天蕩(dang),諸(zhu)(zhu)葛(ge)亮(liang)即偕劉備,舉(ju)兵(bing)十萬,進駐葭萌。擬乘勝直(zhi)圖漢中(zhong)。諸(zhu)(zhu)葛(ge)亮(liang)知黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)軍威方振,余勇(yong)(yong)可賈(jia),尤可用(yong)(yong)(yong)也。乃下(xia)令(ling)欲取(qu)定軍山(shan),且言夏(xia)侯(hou)(hou)淵(yuan)(yuan)非張(zhang)(zhang)郃(he)(he)之(zhi)比,復以調回(hui)關羽一(yi)語(yu)激(ji)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)。黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)益奮勇(yong)(yong),如前(qian)狀(zhuang)。諸(zhu)(zhu)葛(ge)亮(liang)于(yu)是遣法(fa)正為之(zhi)佐,復任黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)為前(qian)鋒。陰遣趙云將(jiang)(jiang)奇兵(bing)出(chu)小路接應(ying)。既(ji)而黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)乘兩(liang)軍釋換俘虜之(zhi)時(shi),故意射死夏(xia)侯(hou)(hou)尚,以激(ji)怒(nu)夏(xia)侯(hou)(hou)淵(yuan)(yuan),使夏(xia)侯(hou)(hou)淵(yuan)(yuan)輕進憤事。夏(xia)侯(hou)(hou)淵(yuan)(yuan)果以此(ci)致敗(bai),卒(zu)被(bei)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)刀劈馬(ma)下(xia)而亡。蜀軍遂定東川(chuan)。