一.產品介紹
姜家(jia)(jia)埠(bu)(bu)大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)栽培歷史(shi)悠久,在明代時(shi),大沽(gu)河(he)西岸一(yi)帶(今古(gu)峴、仁(ren)兆、南村等地(di))栽培已經很普遍,在公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)五五二(er)年(nian),其蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)就被明世宗御封為(wei)“蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)中之王(wang)”。在1987的(de)《平度縣(xian)志》上(shang)也有(you)多處記載。在我國眾多的(de)大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)品(pin)種(zhong)中,姜家(jia)(jia)埠(bu)(bu)大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong) “名”“特(te)”“優”三字兼(jian)備。目前,姜家(jia)(jia)埠(bu)(bu)大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)在區域內年(nian)種(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積達2.5萬畝以(yi)上(shang),總產達18萬噸,年(nian)總產值達3億(yi)多元(yuan)(yuan),主要(yao)以(yi)千葉光彩品(pin)種(zhong)為(wei)主。姜家(jia)(jia)埠(bu)(bu)大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)通體長(chang)直,粗細(xi)均(jun)勻,蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)葉鮮綠,蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)白緊實呈乳白色,質地(di)緊實,微辣清(qing)甜,耐儲存。2007年(nian)姜家(jia)(jia)埠(bu)(bu)牌蔬(shu)菜被評為(wei)青島(dao)市著(zhu)名商標(biao),2011年(nian)被評為(wei)山(shan)東省著(zhu)名商標(biao)。
二(er).自然生態環境(jing)和人(ren)文歷史因素(su)
1、土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地貌情況:海青茶(cha)樹種植區(qu)(qu)域主(zhu)(zhu)要分(fen)布在海青北部(bu)山區(qu)(qu)及南(nan)部(bu)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)地帶(dai),茶(cha)園(yuan)主(zhu)(zhu)要集中在背風向陽的(de)半(ban)山坡和丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)平地等宜茶(cha)地塊。土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)類型(xing)具備(bei)高產土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)的(de)肥力基(ji)礎,土(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)均(jun)為以花崗巖為母質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)沙質(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)、黃棕壤(rang)(rang),偏酸性。茶(cha)園(yuan)區(qu)(qu)域未受污染,環(huan)境質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)達一級標準,硒、鉀、鈉元素含量(liang)充(chong)足。
2、水(shui)文(wen)情況:黃島區海(hai)青(qing)鎮位(wei)于黃海(hai)之濱(bin)、膠州(zhou)灣(wan)畔。主要河流有(you)二(er)(er)條:一是(shi)潮(chao)河,二(er)(er)是(shi)甜水(shui)河,它們連(lian)接大小(xiao)支流30多條支流,在海(hai)青(qing)鎮區域(yu)構成水(shui)道網。小(xiao)型(xing)水(shui)庫(ku)1座(zuo)(zuo),小(xiao)型(xing)水(shui)庫(ku)10座(zuo)(zuo),大小(xiao)塘(tang)壩85座(zuo)(zuo),水(shui)資源豐富。現(xian)有(you)工程(cheng)可用水(shui)量1365萬(wan)立方米,地下水(shui)可用量393.89萬(wan)立方米。為根據國家(jia)農業(ye)行業(ye)標準《農用水(shui)源環境(jing)質(zhi)量監測技術(shu)規范(fan)》(NY/T396-2000)判定(ding),海(hai)青(qing)茶種(zhong)植(zhi)區域(yu)范(fan)圍水(shui)質(zhi)的綜(zong)合污染(ran)數(shu)為1級,屬(shu)清潔水(shui)平,適宜生產(chan)優質(zhi)的海(hai)青(qing)茶。
3、氣候(hou)情況:海青茶(cha)產(chan)區屬典型暖溫(wen)帶(dai)半濕(shi)潤大(da)陸性季風(feng)氣候(hou),年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣溫(wen)12.3℃,年(nian)(nian)有效(xiao)積溫(wen)3986-4400℃,年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)無霜期(qi)為(wei)201天(tian),年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)日照時數2838小時。海青茶(cha)產(chan)區年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)降水量為(wei)803.1mm,多年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)徑(jing)流(liu)深(shen)191.7mm。降水多集中于7-9月(yue)份(fen),3個月(yue)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)降水量513.8mm,占全年(nian)(nian)降水量的75%。相對(dui)濕(shi)度82%,茶(cha)區云霧繚繞,生產(chan)氣候(hou)條件獨特(te)。
三.地域范圍
姜家埠大(da)(da)蔥(cong)生(sheng)產(chan)區域(yu)位于平度(du)(du)、即墨、膠州、高密四(si)市交界處,距青(qing)島前灣港50㎞,青(qing)島國際機(ji)場30㎞,距膠濟鐵路和藍煙鐵路僅有(you)10㎞,同三高速和青(qing)新高速公(gong)路在此互通立交,并設有(you)出入口,交通發達、通信便利。依據平度(du)(du)市人民(min)政(zheng)府批示,姜家埠大(da)(da)蔥(cong)地理標志(zhi)產(chan)品保護范圍(wei)轄南村鎮52個行政(zheng)村。大(da)(da)蔥(cong)種植面積約2.5萬(wan)畝,年產(chan)大(da)(da)蔥(cong)18萬(wan)噸(dun)。地理坐標為北緯36°28′17″至36°35′55″,東經120°00′52″至120°10′18″,海拔高度(du)(du)26m至40m。
四.產品品質(zhi)特性特征
海(hai)青茶(cha)(cha)產區光照(zhao)充足,晝夜溫差大(da),茶(cha)(cha)樹越冬期長,芽葉(xie)肥厚(hou)飽滿,氨(an)基酸、兒茶(cha)(cha)素、茶(cha)(cha)多酚等(deng)有機(ji)成(cheng)分含量(liang)高。總體品(pin)質(zhi)表現為:外形(xing)較(jiao)南方茶(cha)(cha)碩壯重(zhong)實,色(se)澤墨綠(lv);香氣栗香濃郁;湯(tang)色(se)黃綠(lv)明亮;滋味鮮(xian)爽;葉(xie)底綠(lv)亮。水(shui)浸出物含量(liang)高,一般在(zai)42%~46%之間,表現為滋味濃的(de)顯著特點。海(hai)青茶(cha)(cha)品(pin)質(zhi)唯一性:葉(xie)片厚(hou)、香氣高、滋味濃、耐(nai)沖泡。形(xing)象稱之“黃綠(lv)湯(tang)、栗子香”顯著特色(se)。
五.特(te)定生產方式
海(hai)青茶(cha)農產(chan)品的生(sheng)產(chan)總(zong)原則是按國家(jia)無公害(hai)標準進行組織生(sheng)產(chan),實行專(zhuan)業(ye)化生(sheng)產(chan),專(zhuan)業(ye)化監督,產(chan)業(ye)化模(mo)式,社(she)會(hui)化服務。(1)產(chan)地(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇:海(hai)青茶(cha)基地(di)(di)環(huan)境質量符(fu)合國家(jia)衛生(sheng)標準,集中連片,滿足(zu)NY/5244-2004的要(yao)求(qiu)。園地(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇、規劃和(he)茶(cha)樹種植按NY/5244-2004的要(yao)求(qiu)進行。地(di)(di)勢(shi)應(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)擇背風向陽的半山(shan)坡或丘(qiu)陵地(di)(di),坡度以(yi)不超過(guo)(guo)25°為宜(yi)。土壤質地(di)(di)要(yao)求(qiu)呈酸(suan)性或微酸(suan)性,PH值在(zai)4.5~6.5之間,最高不超過(guo)(guo)6.5,土質以(yi)肥沃的砂(sha)質壤土為宜(yi)。土層結構要(yao)求(qiu)深80cm~100cm以(yi)上,底土不具硬盤(pan)層,活土層厚度在(zai)40cm以(yi)上。茶(cha)地(di)(di)要(yao)求(qiu)有水(shui)源(yuan)條件,地(di)(di)下水(shui)位應(ying)在(zai)100cm以(yi)下。
(2)品種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇與特定要求:海青茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)種(zhong)(zhong)植必須選(xuan)(xuan)用當(dang)地選(xuan)(xuan)育馴(xun)化的優良(liang)品種(zhong)(zhong)。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)分有性繁(fan)(fan)殖系茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)和無性繁(fan)(fan)殖系兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)。有性系茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)品種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇:經當(dang)地選(xuan)(xuan)育馴(xun)化而成的群體種(zhong)(zhong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)為采籽品種(zhong)(zhong)園(yuan)(yuan),以當(dang)地選(xuan)(xuan)育品種(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)行種(zhong)(zhong)籽直播發展(zhan)新(xin)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan);無性繁(fan)(fan)殖茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)品種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇:以迎霜(shuang)、龍井長葉等(deng)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)作母(mu)本園(yuan)(yuan),進(jin)行當(dang)地扦插繁(fan)(fan)育茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)發展(zhan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)。
(3)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi):海青茶(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)主要(yao)有(you)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)模(mo)式。一是(shi)采(cai)(cai)取復(fu)合(he)生(sheng)(sheng)態型茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)模(mo)式技(ji)術種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。二是(shi)采(cai)(cai)取生(sheng)(sheng)態設施(shi)(shi)(shi)棚模(mo)式技(ji)術種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)整地(di):種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)地(di)塊全部(bu)深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)80cm以(yi)上。初翻(fan)(fan):秋冬季(ji),對規(gui)劃茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)全面深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)或局(ju)部(bu)開(kai)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)。深(shen)(shen)(shen)寬各70cm~80cm的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)、生(sheng)(sheng)熟土(tu)分開(kai),熟土(tu)與(yu)2/3有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)混合(he)回填在(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)底部(bu),生(sheng)(sheng)土(tu)填在(zai)上部(bu)。復(fu)翻(fan)(fan):種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)前一個月(yue),在(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)上部(bu)開(kai)挖深(shen)(shen)(shen)30cm左(zuo)右的施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)溝(gou)(gou)(gou),將(jiang)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或餅肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)混合(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)入后,再加填表土(tu)。 基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)用:畝(mu)(mu)(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)雜肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)8~10t,并配施(shi)(shi)(shi)餅肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)150kg~200kg,用作基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),以(yi)磷鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)主,可畝(mu)(mu)(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)磷鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)30kg~50kg。磷鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)應在(zai)園(yuan)地(di)復(fu)翻(fan)(fan)時與(yu)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)混堆漚,并做(zuo)到土(tu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)均勻,覆(fu)土(tu)蓋嚴。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)籽(zi)直播(bo)(bo):以(yi)春播(bo)(bo)為(wei)(wei)宜,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)方式采(cai)(cai)取“凹(ao)田雙行(xing)(xing)密植(zhi)”方式。雙行(xing)(xing)條植(zhi)大行(xing)(xing)距為(wei)(wei)120cm,小行(xing)(xing)距為(wei)(wei)30cm,穴距20cm-30cm。扦(qian)插苗移栽:采(cai)(cai)用雙行(xing)(xing)密植(zhi)。大行(xing)(xing)距120cm,小行(xing)(xing)距30cm,穴距20cm-30cm,每畝(mu)(mu)(mu)6000株左(zuo)右。
(4)生(sheng)產過程管理:幼(you)齡茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)管理:主要(yao)包括定型修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)、肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)運籌、除草覆草、病蟲害防(fang)(fang)(fang)治、采(cai)(cai)(cai)摘、防(fang)(fang)(fang)凍(dong)和退土等措施(shi)。投產茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan):施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei):重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)施(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)期追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),葉(xie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)噴(pen)(pen)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主,主要(yao)是廄肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、餅肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、堆肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)等;實行(xing)(xing)以產定肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),畝產每100kg干(gan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)施(shi)純(chun)氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)12kg~15kg,氮、磷、鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)施(shi)用(yong)比(bi)例為(wei)3.5:1:1;追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)按“前促后控(kong)”原(yuan)則(ze),各(ge)次追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)比(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)40%、25%、20%、15%;葉(xie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)噴(pen)(pen)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),春(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)長到一(yi)芽(ya)一(yi)葉(xie)時(shi),用(yong)1%的(de)(de)尿素液(ye)或(huo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)專(zhuan)用(yong)葉(xie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)噴(pen)(pen)灑(sa)蓬(peng)面(mian)(mian)(mian);除天旱和施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)后及(ji)時(shi)澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)外,每年還(huan)須澆(jiao)好(hao)“催(cui)芽(ya)”、“潤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)”、“越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)”三水(shui)(shui)。鋪(pu)草:分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)夏冬(dong)兩次進(jin)行(xing)(xing),夏季(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)行(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)鋪(pu)草,厚度在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)15cm-20cm左右;冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)澆(jiao)足越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)水(shui)(shui)后,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)行(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)鋪(pu)草20cm左右,保(bao)護根部(bu),減輕土壤凍(dong)土層。“白露”至“秋分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)”期間(jian)(jian)(jian),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)行(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)深耕30cm-40cm,結合(he)施(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)整平、耙細。修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian):對(dui)正常(chang)采(cai)(cai)(cai)摘或(huo)凍(dong)害較(jiao)輕的(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan),每年或(huo)隔年修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)一(yi)次;一(yi)般(ban)于“春(chun)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)”至“清(qing)明(ming)”間(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing),剪(jian)(jian)去(qu)樹(shu)(shu)冠上的(de)(de)秋梢和部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)夏梢,以保(bao)留(liu)紅(hong)梗剪(jian)(jian)去(qu)青梗為(wei)度,剪(jian)(jian)去(qu)3cm-5cm。如茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)地上部(bu)受凍(dong)較(jiao)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),可(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)“春(chun)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)”至“清(qing)明(ming)”間(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing),以剪(jian)(jian)去(qu)凍(dong)死枝(zhi)為(wei)度,一(yi)般(ban)剪(jian)(jian)去(qu)樹(shu)(shu)冠高度的(de)(de)三分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)或(huo)者二分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi),保(bao)留(liu)骨架(jia)枝(zhi)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)摘:采(cai)(cai)(cai)摘開始時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)一(yi)般(ban)為(wei)4月下旬。春(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)前期留(liu)魚(yu)葉(xie),后期留(liu)1葉(xie),夏秋茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)留(liu)魚(yu)葉(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)較(jiao)為(wei)理想(xiang),同(tong)時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)凈對(dui)夾葉(xie)。各(ge)季(ji)(ji)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)要(yao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)期、分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)批、多(duo)(duo)次勤(qin)采(cai)(cai)(cai),采(cai)(cai)(cai)高留(liu)低,采(cai)(cai)(cai)中(zhong)央,留(liu)兩側,做到“合(he)理、及(ji)時(shi)、分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)批、多(duo)(duo)次采(cai)(cai)(cai)”,采(cai)(cai)(cai)養結合(he)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)停止(zhi)生(sheng)長前的(de)(de)“白露”與“秋分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)”之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)停止(zhi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)摘,即(ji)封園(yuan)。 越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護:除澆(jiao)足越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)水(shui)(shui)、行(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)鋪(pu)草,營造防(fang)(fang)(fang)風林外,還(huan)可(ke)搭防(fang)(fang)(fang)風障和蓬(peng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)撒草。“大(da)雪”前后,用(yong)軟質麥草撒于茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)蓬(peng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上,要(yao)求使葉(xie)片依稀可(ke)見(jian),蓋而不嚴(yan),遮(zhe)光度約50%左右。設(she)施(shi)栽培越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護:新茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)規劃時(shi),設(she)計好(hao)保(bao)護設(she)施(shi)的(de)(de)規格。可(ke)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)小拱棚、大(da)拱棚或(huo)冬(dong)暖式(shi)(shi)大(da)棚。一(yi)般(ban)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)雪前后扣棚覆膜,清(qing)明(ming)前后通風煉苗(miao)。 復合(he)生(sheng)態化(hua)栽培模式(shi)(shi)越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護。即(ji)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)黑松、側柏、銀杏(xing)等樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)行(xing)(xing)四周建設(she)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護林,進(jin)行(xing)(xing)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)-林間(jian)(jian)(jian)作,增加茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)物種(zhong)多(duo)(duo)樣性(xing)的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)現(xian)代茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)栽培模式(shi)(shi)。
(5)病(bing)蟲害(hai)(hai)(hai)綜合防治:茶(cha)葉生(sheng)產盡量少(shao)用或不用農藥(yao),達(da)到“高(gao)效、低(di)毒、低(di)殘留、無(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)”的綠色食(shi)品和無(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)食(shi)品要求(qiu)。茶(cha)樹遇病(bing)蟲侵害(hai)(hai)(hai)時,應(ying)綜合應(ying)用物(wu)理、化學、生(sheng)物(wu)、農業等防治措施(shi),注意輪換(huan)用藥(yao)和執行(xing)農藥(yao)安全間隔(ge)期(qi)。生(sheng)產過程(cheng)(cheng)管理必須(xu)符合《無(wu)(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)食(shi)品茶(cha)葉生(sheng)產技術規程(cheng)(cheng)》(NY/T5018-2001要求(qiu))。
(6)產(chan)品(pin)收獲(huo)及產(chan)后處(chu)理:鮮(xian)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)采后要進行加(jia)(jia)(jia)工制(zhi)茶(cha)(cha),茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工廠房(fang)的設計必須(xu)(xu)符合《中(zhong)華人(ren)民(min)共和(he)國食(shi)品(pin)衛(wei)生法》的要求(qiu)(qiu),所(suo)處(chu)的大(da)氣環境(jing)必須(xu)(xu)符合《環境(jing)空(kong)氣質(zhi)量標準(zhun)》GB 3095—1996中(zhong)規定的三級標準(zhun)要求(qiu)(qiu),加(jia)(jia)(jia)工廠必須(xu)(xu)具備(bei)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)生產(chan)許可證(QS證)和(he)衛(wei)生許可證,加(jia)(jia)(jia)工人(ren)員必須(xu)(xu)持有健康(kang)體檢證,茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)的生產(chan)必須(xu)(xu)按照(zhao)QS證的要求(qiu)(qiu)進行。加(jia)(jia)(jia)工場所(suo)和(he)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工設備(bei)應符合NY/T5019的要求(qiu)(qiu)。
(7)生(sheng)產記(ji)(ji)錄:記(ji)(ji)錄茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)生(sheng)產情(qing)況(kuang)、病蟲害發生(sheng)情(qing)況(kuang)、技術措施、農藥化肥的使(shi)(shi)用(yong)情(qing)況(kuang),建立海青茶(cha)(cha)生(sheng)產過程記(ji)(ji)錄檔案(an),記(ji)(ji)載投入品的名稱、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)時(shi)間、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)目的、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)方法(fa)、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)量。加(jia)(jia)工(gong)廠加(jia)(jia)工(gong)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)時(shi)必須建立加(jia)(jia)工(gong)檔案(an),記(ji)(ji)載加(jia)(jia)工(gong)茶(cha)(cha)類、工(gong)藝(yi)、數(shu)(shu)量、等級、時(shi)間和所用(yong)鮮(xian)葉(xie)品種、數(shu)(shu)量、等級。
六.包裝標識相關規定
1、符合下(xia)列(lie)條(tiao)件的單位和個人,可以(yi)向登記證書(shu)持有人申請使用海(hai)青茶農產(chan)品地(di)理標志:
①生產經(jing)營的(de)茶葉產自登記確定的(de)地域范圍(wei);
②已取得(de)茶葉生產加(jia)工的(de)生產經(jing)營資質;
③能夠嚴格按照規定的技術規范組織開展生產經營活動;
④具有海青茶市場(chang)開發經(jing)營(ying)能力。 使用(yong)“海青茶”農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品地理(li)標(biao)志,應(ying)當按(an)照(zhao)生產(chan)經(jing)營(ying)年度與登記證書持有人簽訂農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品地理(li)標(biao)志使用(yong)協(xie)議,在協(xie)議中載明(ming)使用(yong)數(shu)量(liang)、范(fan)圍及相關的責任義(yi)務。
2、“海(hai)青茶”農產品地理標志使(shi)用人享有以下權(quan)利:
①可(ke)以在(zai)產品(pin)及其包(bao)裝上統一(yi)使用(yong)農產品(pin)地理(li)標志;
②可以使用“海(hai)青茶”農(nong)產品地理標志進行(xing)宣傳(chuan)和參(can)加展覽、展示及展銷(xiao)。
3、農產品地理標志使(shi)用(yong)人應當履(lv)行以(yi)下義務:
①自覺接受登記持有人的監督檢查;
②保證“海青(qing)茶”農產(chan)品(pin)地理標志的品(pin)質和信譽;
③正(zheng)確規范地使用(yong)“海青(qing)茶”農產品地理標志。
4、使用“海青(qing)茶(cha)” 農產品(pin)地理標志的生產經(jing)營(ying)者,應當建立質(zhi)量(liang)控制追溯體系,農產品(pin)地理標志持有(you)人(ren)和標志使用人(ren),對(dui)“海青(qing)茶(cha)”的質(zhi)量(liang)和信譽負責。
5、任何單(dan)位(wei)和個人不得偽造(zao)、冒用“海青茶”農(nong)產品地理標志(zhi)和登(deng)記證書。
6、鼓(gu)勵單位和(he)個(ge)人對農(nong)產品地理(li)標志(zhi)進行社會監(jian)督。