一.產品介紹
姜(jiang)家(jia)埠大蔥栽培歷史(shi)悠久,在(zai)明代時(shi),大沽(gu)河西岸一帶(今(jin)古峴、仁兆、南村等(deng)地(di))栽培已經很(hen)普遍,在(zai)公元(yuan)一五五二年(nian)(nian)(nian),其蔥就(jiu)被明世宗御封(feng)為(wei)“蔥中之(zhi)王”。在(zai)1987的(de)《平度(du)縣(xian)志》上(shang)也有多(duo)處記載。在(zai)我國眾多(duo)的(de)大蔥品種(zhong)中,姜(jiang)家(jia)埠大蔥 “名”“特”“優”三字兼備(bei)。目前,姜(jiang)家(jia)埠大蔥在(zai)區域(yu)內(nei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)種(zhong)植面積達2.5萬(wan)畝(mu)以上(shang),總產達18萬(wan)噸,年(nian)(nian)(nian)總產值達3億多(duo)元(yuan),主要以千葉光彩品種(zhong)為(wei)主。姜(jiang)家(jia)埠大蔥通體長直,粗細均勻,蔥葉鮮綠,蔥白(bai)緊實(shi)呈(cheng)乳(ru)白(bai)色,質地(di)緊實(shi),微辣清甜(tian),耐儲(chu)存。2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)姜(jiang)家(jia)埠牌蔬菜被評(ping)為(wei)青島市著名商(shang)標,2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)被評(ping)為(wei)山東省著名商(shang)標。
二.自(zi)然生態環境和人(ren)文歷史(shi)因素
1、土(tu)(tu)壤地貌情況:海(hai)青(qing)(qing)茶樹(shu)種植區(qu)域(yu)主要(yao)分布在海(hai)青(qing)(qing)北部(bu)山區(qu)及南部(bu)丘陵地帶,茶園(yuan)主要(yao)集中在背風向陽的半山坡和丘陵平地等宜茶地塊。土(tu)(tu)壤類(lei)型具備(bei)高(gao)產土(tu)(tu)壤的肥力基礎,土(tu)(tu)質均為以花崗巖(yan)為母質的沙質土(tu)(tu)、黃(huang)棕壤,偏酸性。茶園(yuan)區(qu)域(yu)未受污染,環境質量(liang)達一級(ji)標準,硒、鉀、鈉元素含量(liang)充足。
2、水(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang):黃(huang)島區海(hai)青(qing)鎮位于黃(huang)海(hai)之(zhi)濱、膠州灣(wan)畔。主要河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)有二條:一(yi)是(shi)潮河(he)(he),二是(shi)甜水(shui)(shui)河(he)(he),它(ta)們連接大(da)小(xiao)支流(liu)(liu)30多(duo)條支流(liu)(liu),在海(hai)青(qing)鎮區域構成水(shui)(shui)道網(wang)。小(xiao)型(xing)水(shui)(shui)庫1座,小(xiao)型(xing)水(shui)(shui)庫10座,大(da)小(xiao)塘壩(ba)85座,水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)豐(feng)富。現有工程可用(yong)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)1365萬(wan)立(li)方(fang)米(mi),地下水(shui)(shui)可用(yong)量(liang)393.89萬(wan)立(li)方(fang)米(mi)。為根據(ju)國家(jia)農業(ye)(ye)行業(ye)(ye)標準《農用(yong)水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)環(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)監測技(ji)術(shu)規范》(NY/T396-2000)判定,海(hai)青(qing)茶(cha)(cha)種植區域范圍水(shui)(shui)質的綜(zong)合污(wu)染數為1級(ji),屬清(qing)潔水(shui)(shui)平,適宜生產優(you)質的海(hai)青(qing)茶(cha)(cha)。
3、氣候(hou)情況:海(hai)青茶產區屬典型暖(nuan)溫帶半濕(shi)潤大陸(lu)性季風氣候(hou),年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣溫12.3℃,年有效(xiao)積(ji)溫3986-4400℃,年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)無霜期為201天,年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)日照時(shi)數2838小時(shi)。海(hai)青茶產區年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)降水量為803.1mm,多(duo)年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)徑流深191.7mm。降水多(duo)集中于(yu)7-9月(yue)份,3個月(yue)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)降水量513.8mm,占(zhan)全年降水量的75%。相(xiang)對濕(shi)度82%,茶區云霧繚(liao)繞(rao),生產氣候(hou)條(tiao)件獨特。
三.地域范圍
姜家埠大(da)(da)蔥生(sheng)產區域位(wei)于平(ping)度(du)(du)、即墨、膠州、高(gao)密四(si)市交界處,距青(qing)島前灣港50㎞,青(qing)島國際機場30㎞,距膠濟鐵(tie)路和(he)藍煙鐵(tie)路僅有10㎞,同三高(gao)速和(he)青(qing)新高(gao)速公路在(zai)此互通(tong)立交,并設有出入口,交通(tong)發達(da)、通(tong)信便利。依據平(ping)度(du)(du)市人民政(zheng)府批示,姜家埠大(da)(da)蔥地理(li)標志產品(pin)保護范圍(wei)轄南村鎮52個行政(zheng)村。大(da)(da)蔥種植面積約2.5萬(wan)畝,年產大(da)(da)蔥18萬(wan)噸。地理(li)坐標為北緯36°28′17″至36°35′55″,東經120°00′52″至120°10′18″,海拔高(gao)度(du)(du)26m至40m。
四.產品品質特(te)性特(te)征(zheng)
海青茶(cha)產區光照(zhao)充足,晝夜溫(wen)差(cha)大,茶(cha)樹越冬期(qi)長(chang),芽葉肥厚飽滿,氨基酸、兒(er)茶(cha)素、茶(cha)多酚等(deng)有(you)機成(cheng)分含量高(gao)。總(zong)體品質表現為:外形較南方茶(cha)碩壯重實,色澤墨綠;香氣栗(li)香濃(nong)郁(yu);湯色黃綠明亮;滋(zi)味(wei)鮮爽(shuang);葉底綠亮。水浸出物含量高(gao),一般在(zai)42%~46%之間(jian),表現為滋(zi)味(wei)濃(nong)的顯(xian)著特點。海青茶(cha)品質唯一性:葉片厚、香氣高(gao)、滋(zi)味(wei)濃(nong)、耐沖泡。形象稱之“黃綠湯、栗(li)子(zi)香”顯(xian)著特色。
五(wu).特定生產方式
海青茶(cha)農(nong)產(chan)品的(de)生產(chan)總原則是(shi)按國(guo)家無公(gong)害(hai)標(biao)準(zhun)進行組織(zhi)生產(chan),實行專業化(hua)(hua)生產(chan),專業化(hua)(hua)監督,產(chan)業化(hua)(hua)模(mo)式,社會(hui)化(hua)(hua)服務。(1)產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)選擇:海青茶(cha)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)環(huan)境質量符合國(guo)家衛生標(biao)準(zhun),集中連片,滿足(zu)NY/5244-2004的(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。園地(di)(di)(di)(di)選擇、規劃和茶(cha)樹種植(zhi)按NY/5244-2004的(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)進行。地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢應選擇背(bei)風向陽的(de)半山(shan)坡(po)或丘陵地(di)(di)(di)(di),坡(po)度以(yi)不(bu)超(chao)過25°為宜。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)質地(di)(di)(di)(di)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)呈酸(suan)性或微酸(suan)性,PH值在4.5~6.5之(zhi)間,最(zui)高不(bu)超(chao)過6.5,土(tu)(tu)(tu)質以(yi)肥(fei)沃的(de)砂(sha)質壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)為宜。土(tu)(tu)(tu)層結構要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)深80cm~100cm以(yi)上(shang),底土(tu)(tu)(tu)不(bu)具硬盤層,活土(tu)(tu)(tu)層厚(hou)度在40cm以(yi)上(shang)。茶(cha)地(di)(di)(di)(di)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)有(you)水源條件,地(di)(di)(di)(di)下水位應在100cm以(yi)下。
(2)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)與特定(ding)要求:海青茶(cha)(cha)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植必須(xu)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用當地(di)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)馴(xun)(xun)化的優良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。茶(cha)(cha)園(yuan)分有性(xing)繁(fan)殖系茶(cha)(cha)園(yuan)和無性(xing)繁(fan)殖系兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有性(xing)系茶(cha)(cha)園(yuan)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze):經當地(di)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)馴(xun)(xun)化而成的群(qun)體種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)茶(cha)(cha)園(yuan)為(wei)采(cai)籽品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)園(yuan),以當地(di)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)行種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)籽直播發(fa)(fa)展新茶(cha)(cha)園(yuan);無性(xing)繁(fan)殖茶(cha)(cha)園(yuan)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze):以迎霜、龍井長葉等良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)茶(cha)(cha)園(yuan)作母本園(yuan),進(jin)行當地(di)扦插繁(fan)育(yu)茶(cha)(cha)苗發(fa)(fa)展茶(cha)(cha)園(yuan)。
(3)茶(cha)園種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi):海青茶(cha)樹種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)主要有(you)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)模式(shi)。一是(shi)采取復(fu)合(he)生(sheng)(sheng)態型茶(cha)園模式(shi)技(ji)術種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)。二(er)是(shi)采取生(sheng)(sheng)態設(she)施棚模式(shi)技(ji)術種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)。深(shen)翻整地:種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)茶(cha)地塊(kuai)全(quan)部(bu)深(shen)翻80cm以(yi)上(shang)。初翻:秋冬季,對規劃茶(cha)園全(quan)面深(shen)翻或局部(bu)開(kai)溝(gou)。深(shen)寬(kuan)各70cm~80cm的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)溝(gou)、生(sheng)(sheng)熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)分開(kai),熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)與2/3有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)混合(he)回填在種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)溝(gou)底部(bu),生(sheng)(sheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)填在上(shang)部(bu)。復(fu)翻:種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)前一個月,在種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)溝(gou)上(shang)部(bu)開(kai)挖深(shen)30cm左(zuo)右的施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)溝(gou),將(jiang)有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)或餅肥(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)混合(he)施入后,再加填表土(tu)(tu)(tu)。 基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)施用:畝(mu)施土(tu)(tu)(tu)雜肥(fei)(fei)(fei)8~10t,并配施餅肥(fei)(fei)(fei)150kg~200kg,用作(zuo)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)的化肥(fei)(fei)(fei),以(yi)磷(lin)(lin)鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為主,可(ke)畝(mu)施磷(lin)(lin)鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)30kg~50kg。磷(lin)(lin)鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)應在園地復(fu)翻時與有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)混堆漚(ou),并做到(dao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)均勻,覆土(tu)(tu)(tu)蓋(gai)嚴(yan)。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)籽直(zhi)播:以(yi)春播為宜(yi),種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)方式(shi)采取“凹(ao)田雙(shuang)行(xing)(xing)密(mi)植(zhi)(zhi)”方式(shi)。雙(shuang)行(xing)(xing)條植(zhi)(zhi)大(da)行(xing)(xing)距(ju)為120cm,小行(xing)(xing)距(ju)為30cm,穴距(ju)20cm-30cm。扦(qian)插苗移栽:采用雙(shuang)行(xing)(xing)密(mi)植(zhi)(zhi)。大(da)行(xing)(xing)距(ju)120cm,小行(xing)(xing)距(ju)30cm,穴距(ju)20cm-30cm,每畝(mu)6000株左(zuo)右。
(4)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程管(guan)理:幼齡茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)管(guan)理:主要(yao)包(bao)括定型修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)、肥(fei)(fei)水運籌、除(chu)(chu)草(cao)(cao)覆草(cao)(cao)、病蟲害防(fang)治、采(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)、防(fang)凍(dong)和退土等(deng)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)。投(tou)產(chan)(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan):施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei):重(zhong)(zhong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)基肥(fei)(fei),分(fen)(fen)(fen)期(qi)追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei),葉(xie)(xie)(xie)面(mian)(mian)噴(pen)肥(fei)(fei)。基肥(fei)(fei)以有機肥(fei)(fei)為(wei)主,主要(yao)是廄肥(fei)(fei)、餅(bing)肥(fei)(fei)、堆肥(fei)(fei)、綠肥(fei)(fei)等(deng);實行(xing)(xing)以產(chan)(chan)定肥(fei)(fei),畝產(chan)(chan)每100kg干(gan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)施(shi)(shi)(shi)純氮(dan)肥(fei)(fei)12kg~15kg,氮(dan)、磷、鉀肥(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)比例為(wei)3.5:1:1;追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)按“前(qian)促后(hou)(hou)控”原則,各次追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)比重(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)40%、25%、20%、15%;葉(xie)(xie)(xie)面(mian)(mian)噴(pen)肥(fei)(fei),春(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)長到(dao)一(yi)(yi)芽(ya)一(yi)(yi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)時(shi),用(yong)1%的(de)(de)(de)(de)尿(niao)素液或(huo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)專(zhuan)用(yong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)面(mian)(mian)肥(fei)(fei)噴(pen)灑蓬(peng)面(mian)(mian);除(chu)(chu)天旱和施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)后(hou)(hou)及時(shi)澆(jiao)水外,每年還(huan)須澆(jiao)好“催芽(ya)”、“潤肥(fei)(fei)”、“越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)”三水。鋪(pu)(pu)草(cao)(cao):分(fen)(fen)(fen)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)兩次進行(xing)(xing),夏(xia)(xia)(xia)季(ji)在(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)行(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鋪(pu)(pu)草(cao)(cao),厚度(du)在(zai)15cm-20cm左(zuo)(zuo)右;冬(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)季(ji)澆(jiao)足(zu)越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)水后(hou)(hou),在(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)行(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鋪(pu)(pu)草(cao)(cao)20cm左(zuo)(zuo)右,保(bao)護根(gen)部(bu),減輕土壤(rang)凍(dong)土層。“白露”至(zhi)(zhi)“秋(qiu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)”期(qi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),在(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)行(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)深(shen)耕30cm-40cm,結(jie)合(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)整平、耙細(xi)。修剪(jian)(jian)(jian):對正常采(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)或(huo)凍(dong)害較輕的(de)(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan),每年或(huo)隔年修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)一(yi)(yi)次;一(yi)(yi)般(ban)于“春(chun)分(fen)(fen)(fen)”至(zhi)(zhi)“清(qing)明(ming)(ming)(ming)”間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進行(xing)(xing),剪(jian)(jian)(jian)去(qu)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠上的(de)(de)(de)(de)秋(qiu)梢和部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)梢,以保(bao)留(liu)(liu)(liu)紅梗(geng)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)去(qu)青梗(geng)為(wei)度(du),剪(jian)(jian)(jian)去(qu)3cm-5cm。如(ru)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)地(di)上部(bu)受凍(dong)較重(zhong)(zhong),可在(zai)“春(chun)分(fen)(fen)(fen)”至(zhi)(zhi)“清(qing)明(ming)(ming)(ming)”間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進行(xing)(xing),以剪(jian)(jian)(jian)去(qu)凍(dong)死枝為(wei)度(du),一(yi)(yi)般(ban)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)去(qu)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠高度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)三分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)或(huo)者(zhe)二(er)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi),保(bao)留(liu)(liu)(liu)骨架(jia)枝。采(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai):采(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)開(kai)始時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)為(wei)4月下旬(xun)。春(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)前(qian)期(qi)留(liu)(liu)(liu)魚葉(xie)(xie)(xie),后(hou)(hou)期(qi)留(liu)(liu)(liu)1葉(xie)(xie)(xie),夏(xia)(xia)(xia)秋(qiu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)留(liu)(liu)(liu)魚葉(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)較為(wei)理想(xiang),同時(shi)采(cai)(cai)凈對夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)。各季(ji)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)要(yao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)期(qi)、分(fen)(fen)(fen)批(pi)、多次勤采(cai)(cai),采(cai)(cai)高留(liu)(liu)(liu)低,采(cai)(cai)中(zhong)央,留(liu)(liu)(liu)兩側(ce),做(zuo)到(dao)“合(he)理、及時(shi)、分(fen)(fen)(fen)批(pi)、多次采(cai)(cai)”,采(cai)(cai)養結(jie)合(he)。在(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)停止(zhi)生(sheng)長前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“白露”與(yu)“秋(qiu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)”之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)停止(zhi)采(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai),即封園(yuan)。 越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)防(fang)護:除(chu)(chu)澆(jiao)足(zu)越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)水、行(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鋪(pu)(pu)草(cao)(cao),營(ying)造防(fang)風(feng)林外,還(huan)可搭防(fang)風(feng)障和蓬(peng)面(mian)(mian)撒草(cao)(cao)。“大(da)雪”前(qian)后(hou)(hou),用(yong)軟質麥草(cao)(cao)撒于茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)蓬(peng)面(mian)(mian)上,要(yao)求使葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片依稀可見,蓋而不嚴,遮(zhe)光度(du)約50%左(zuo)(zuo)右。設施(shi)(shi)(shi)栽培越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)防(fang)護:新茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)規(gui)劃時(shi),設計好保(bao)護設施(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)格。可采(cai)(cai)用(yong)小拱棚、大(da)拱棚或(huo)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)暖式大(da)棚。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)在(zai)大(da)雪前(qian)后(hou)(hou)扣棚覆膜(mo),清(qing)明(ming)(ming)(ming)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)通風(feng)煉苗。 復合(he)生(sheng)態化(hua)栽培模(mo)式越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)防(fang)護。即采(cai)(cai)用(yong)黑松(song)、側(ce)柏、銀(yin)杏等(deng)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)在(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)行(xing)(xing)四(si)周建設防(fang)護林,進行(xing)(xing)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)-林間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)作,增(zeng)加茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)物種(zhong)多樣性的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)現代茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)栽培模(mo)式。
(5)病蟲害綜(zong)合防(fang)治:茶(cha)葉生(sheng)產盡量少用或不用農藥(yao),達(da)到“高效、低毒、低殘留、無公害”的綠色食品(pin)和無公害食品(pin)要(yao)求(qiu)。茶(cha)樹(shu)遇(yu)病蟲侵(qin)害時(shi),應綜(zong)合應用物理(li)、化學、生(sheng)物、農業等防(fang)治措施,注意輪換用藥(yao)和執行(xing)農藥(yao)安(an)全間隔期。生(sheng)產過程管理(li)必須符合《無公害食品(pin)茶(cha)葉生(sheng)產技術(shu)規(gui)程》(NY/T5018-2001要(yao)求(qiu))。
(6)產(chan)品(pin)收獲及產(chan)后處理:鮮茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)采(cai)后要進行加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)制茶(cha)(cha)(cha),茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠房的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設計(ji)必須(xu)符(fu)合(he)《中華人民共和(he)國食品(pin)衛(wei)(wei)生法(fa)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)(qiu),所(suo)處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大氣(qi)環境必須(xu)符(fu)合(he)《環境空氣(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)準》GB 3095—1996中規定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三級(ji)標(biao)準要求(qiu)(qiu),加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠必須(xu)具備(bei)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)生產(chan)許(xu)可證(QS證)和(he)衛(wei)(wei)生許(xu)可證,加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)必須(xu)持有健康體檢證,茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)必須(xu)按(an)照QS證的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)(qiu)進行。加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)場(chang)所(suo)和(he)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)設備(bei)應符(fu)合(he)NY/T5019的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)(qiu)。
(7)生(sheng)產記錄(lu):記錄(lu)茶(cha)(cha)葉生(sheng)產情(qing)況、病蟲害發生(sheng)情(qing)況、技(ji)術措(cuo)施、農(nong)藥化(hua)肥(fei)的使(shi)(shi)用(yong)情(qing)況,建立(li)海青(qing)茶(cha)(cha)生(sheng)產過程(cheng)記錄(lu)檔案,記載投入品(pin)的名稱、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)時間、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)目的、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)方法、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)量(liang)(liang)。加(jia)(jia)工(gong)廠加(jia)(jia)工(gong)茶(cha)(cha)葉時必須建立(li)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)檔案,記載加(jia)(jia)工(gong)茶(cha)(cha)類、工(gong)藝、數量(liang)(liang)、等級、時間和所用(yong)鮮葉品(pin)種、數量(liang)(liang)、等級。
六.包裝(zhuang)標識(shi)相(xiang)關規定
1、符合下列條件的單(dan)位和(he)個人(ren),可以向登記(ji)證(zheng)書持有人(ren)申請(qing)使用(yong)海青茶農(nong)產品地理標志:
①生產經(jing)營的(de)茶葉產自登記確(que)定的(de)地(di)域(yu)范(fan)圍(wei);
②已(yi)取得茶葉生(sheng)產加工的生(sheng)產經營(ying)資質(zhi);
③能(neng)夠嚴(yan)格按照規定(ding)的技(ji)術規范(fan)組織(zhi)開展生(sheng)產經營(ying)活動;
④具有(you)海青茶市(shi)場開(kai)發(fa)經營能力。 使(shi)用(yong)(yong)“海青茶”農(nong)產(chan)品地理標(biao)志(zhi),應當按照生產(chan)經營年度與登記證書持(chi)有(you)人簽訂農(nong)產(chan)品地理標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)協(xie)議(yi),在(zai)協(xie)議(yi)中載明(ming)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)數量、范圍及相關的責任義務。
2、“海青茶”農產品地理(li)標(biao)志使用人享有以(yi)下權利:
①可以在產(chan)品及其(qi)包裝上統(tong)一使用農產(chan)品地理標志;
②可以使用“海青茶”農(nong)產品地(di)理(li)標(biao)志進行宣(xuan)傳(chuan)和參加展覽(lan)、展示及展銷。
3、農產品地(di)理標志使用人(ren)應當履行以下義務:
①自(zi)覺接受登記持(chi)有(you)人的監督檢查;
②保證“海青(qing)茶”農(nong)產品(pin)地理標志的品(pin)質和信譽;
③正確(que)規范地使(shi)用“海青茶”農產品地理標志。
4、使(shi)用“海青茶(cha)” 農(nong)產品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標志(zhi)的(de)生產經營者(zhe),應當建立質量(liang)控制(zhi)追溯體系(xi),農(nong)產品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標志(zhi)持有(you)人(ren)和(he)(he)標志(zhi)使(shi)用人(ren),對“海青茶(cha)”的(de)質量(liang)和(he)(he)信(xin)譽(yu)負責。
5、任何單位和個(ge)人不得偽造(zao)、冒用“海青茶”農產品地理標志和登記(ji)證書。
6、鼓勵單(dan)位和個人對農產(chan)品地理標志進行社會(hui)監督。