沾(zhan)化洼地(di)綿羊,指山東省濱州市(shi)沾(zhan)化縣(xian)所產的"洼地(di)綿羊"。沾(zhan)化縣(xian)養羊歷史(shi)悠久,是(shi)山東省洼地(di)綿羊的原(yuan)產區。正是(shi)由于沾(zhan)化縣(xian)特(te)(te)殊環境下的自(zi)然選擇和(he)人工培育形成洼地(di)綿羊獨特(te)(te)的品種優勢(shi)。2011年,列(lie)入中國農產品地(di)理標志保護品種。
產地環境
山東省(sheng)濱州市沾化縣地處山東省(sheng)北部,黃河(he)尾間,渤海之濱,年平均氣溫12.1一(yi)13.1℃,無霜(shuang)期185一(yi)194天,年日照時數2609.4小(xiao)(xiao)時一(yi)2761.1小(xiao)(xiao)時,年降水量550一(yi)650mm。土(tu)地大(da)部分屬黃河(he)沖積平原(yuan),且在(zai)海拔20m以下(xia),土(tu)壤以壤土(tu)、粘土(tu)和沙(sha)土(tu)為主,鹽漬化程度較(jiao)為嚴重,主要農作物有小(xiao)(xiao)麥、棉(mian)花、玉米和大(da)豆等。沾化縣養(yang)羊(yang)歷(li)史(shi)悠久,正(zheng)是(shi)在(zai)長期自然選擇(ze)和人工培育的(de)基礎上(shang),才形成了沾化洼地綿羊(yang)獨特(te)的(de)品種優勢。
品種特性
洼(wa)(wa)地(di)綿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是中(zhong)國(guo)寶貴(gui)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)品種(zhong),其(qi)主(zhu)要特(te)點是:一、無椅角:洼(wa)(wa)地(di)綿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)軀體比較(jiao)壯,頭(tou)上(shang)(shang)沒(mei)有椅角,性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)格(ge)溫順,適合(he)密(mi)集型伺養(yang)(yang)。二、抗腐(fu)蹄(ti):羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)蹄(ti)堅硬(ying),適宜在鹽(yan)堿潮濕地(di)飼(si)養(yang)(yang),也(ye)沒(mei)有什么蹄(ti)腐(fu)病的(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)。三(san)、脂(zhi)尾厚(hou):易貯存(cun)營(ying)養(yang)(yang),適宜季節性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)放牧。四、肉(rou)質好(hao):洼(wa)(wa)地(di)綿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)口感、風味(wei)好(hao),肉(rou)嫩、不油膩,正適合(he)現(xian)代人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)口味(wei)。羔(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)屠宰率(lv)高(gao),6月齡羔(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)屠宰率(lv)高(gao)達50%,一只母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)平均就能(neng)(neng)夠年產(chan)(chan)(chan)優質羔(gao)(gao)(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)40公(gong)(gong)斤以_仁(ren)。五、產(chan)(chan)(chan)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)多:洼(wa)(wa)地(di)綿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)繁殖(zhi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)特(te)別好(hao),公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)一年四季都發情(qing),母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)一胎最少能(neng)(neng)生(sheng)2個(ge)羔(gao)(gao)(gao),母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)泌(mi)乳性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)很好(hao),乳汁能(neng)(neng)夠提(ti)供給2只小羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang),這樣小羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)前期生(sheng)長(chang)好(hao),后期上(shang)(shang)膘也(ye)上(shang)(shang)得快。六、四乳頭(tou):最特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)是洼(wa)(wa)地(di)綿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)有4個(ge)乳頭(tou),是國(guo)內外比較(jiao)罕見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)這也(ye)正是洼(wa)(wa)地(di)綿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)繁殖(zhi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)非常高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)表(biao)現(xian)。七、產(chan)(chan)(chan)仔率(lv):一般胎產(chan)(chan)(chan)仔率(lv)在2個(ge)羔(gao)(gao)(gao)以上(shang)(shang),3年產(chan)(chan)(chan)5窩。八、耐粗詞:冬天吃些(xie)爛棉(mian)花柴,麥(mai)秸(jie)、爛棒子秸(jie)、亂七八糟(zao)的(de)(de)(de)都能(neng)(neng)吃。九、生(sheng)存(cun)環(huan)境:適合(he)長(chang)期在低洼(wa)(wa)潮濕的(de)(de)(de)惡劣環(huan)境中(zhong)生(sheng)存(cun),不嬌氣(qi),很受(shou)人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)喜歡。
地理標志
根據(ju)《農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標志管理辦法》規定,山東(dong)省(sheng)沾化縣畜(chu)牧養殖(zhi)協(xie)會(hui)申請對"沾化洼(wa)地(di)綿(mian)羊"農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)實施農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標志保護(hu)。經(jing)過初審(shen)、專家評審(shen)和公示,符合農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標志登(deng)記程(cheng)序和條件,農(nong)業部(bu)決(jue)定于2011年8月17日準予(yu)登(deng)記。