鮮(xian)切(qie)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)又稱(cheng)切(qie)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),是指從(cong)活體植株上切(qie)取的(de),具有觀(guan)賞價(jia)值,用(yong)(yong)于制作(zuo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)籃、花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)束、花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)環、瓶插花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、壁花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),以及胸(xiong)飾(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)卉裝飾(shi)的(de)莖、葉、花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、果等植物材料。鮮(xian)切(qie)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)分為(wei)切(qie)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、切(qie)葉和切(qie)枝(zhi),具有觀(guan)賞價(jia)值,最常用(yong)(yong)的(de)鮮(xian)切(qie)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)有唐菖蒲(即(ji)劍蘭)、月(yue)季(ji)、菊花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、康乃馨、非洲菊、紅掌(zhang)等。
清流縣(xian)地處福建省西部,生態環境優越,耕地面(mian)積15.3萬(wan)畝(mu),全(quan)縣(xian)花卉(hui)(hui)種植(zhi)面(mian)積12937畝(mu)。由于(yu)清流鮮切(qie)(qie)花具(ju)有花苞大(da)而飽滿(man)、花色(se)艷有光(guang)澤和(he)切(qie)(qie)花率高的特點,享(xiang)有福建省“鮮切(qie)(qie)花之(zhi)鄉”的美譽,成為(wei)全(quan)國(guo)最大(da)鮮切(qie)(qie)花基地之(zhi)一。清流鮮切(qie)(qie)花也因而成為(wei)國(guo)家(jia)地理標志保護產品。清流花卉(hui)(hui)產業(ye)(ye)帶動(dong)了3450多戶(hu)農戶(hu)參與生產經營,直接從業(ye)(ye)人員達(da)(da)15580多人,從業(ye)(ye)人員年(nian)人均純收入(ru)達(da)(da)2.6萬(wan)元以(yi)上,去年(nian)實現年(nian)產值3.2億元。
清(qing)流(liu)與(yu)昆明處同一緯度(du),溫和濕潤,日照(zhao)充足,且地勢(shi)平坦,土壤肥沃,適宜花卉(hui)連片規(gui)模化(hua)(hua)種植。“清(qing)流(liu)不僅具有氣(qi)候優勢(shi),且森林(lin)覆(fu)蓋率(lv)高,生(sheng)態環境(jing)有保(bao)障,便于規(gui)模化(hua)(hua)發(fa)展鮮(xian)切(qie)花種植。目前(qian)已(yi)形成非洲菊(ju)(ju)、月季、百合、菊(ju)(ju)花、鶴望蘭等多(duo)元化(hua)(hua)切(qie)花產品品類種植,鮮(xian)切(qie)花種植面(mian)積現已(yi)達8000多(duo)畝(mu)。
清(qing)流(liu)縣鮮切(qie)花種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中,非洲(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積最大,清(qing)流(liu)縣自(zi)2004年(nian)(nian)起陸(lu)續引進(jin)長盛花卉、綠景生態、花仙子、閩(min)暉(hui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業等龍頭企業種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非洲(zhou)菊(ju)(ju),并帶動農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),目(mu)前已形(xing)成(cheng)了以嵩溪(xi)、林畬、嵩口(kou)、長校等鄉(xiang)鎮為(wei)核心的4000多畝非洲(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)基地。“非洲(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)耐粗放管理,投入成(cheng)本低,適應(ying)性強(qiang),種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)效(xiao)應(ying)高于烤煙、水(shui)稻,為(wei)短、平、快項目(mu),因而(er)清(qing)流(liu)許多農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)選(xuan)擇(ze)改(gai)種(zhong)(zhong)非洲(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)。”黃學發說(shuo),“種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非洲(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)每扎花只要賣到(dao)2元(yuan),就可回收成(cheng)本,而(er)清(qing)流(liu)非洲(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)每扎全年(nian)(nian)均價在4元(yuan)左右,2012年(nian)(nian)甚至達(da)到(dao)6元(yuan),去年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)均畝產(chan)值2萬元(yuan)左右,純利潤1.3萬元(yuan)左右,種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)效(xiao)益不(bu)錯(cuo),農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)確確實實賺到(dao)了錢,因此種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)積極性很高。”
清流非洲(zhou)菊品種多(duo)樣,有(you)‘紅韻’、‘大雪菊’、‘太陽風(feng)暴’、‘玲(ling)瓏’等,其中‘紅韻’種植面(mian)積最大。憑借價格(ge)優勢,陸續打(da)開了華(hua)南、華(hua)中等地市場,并(bing)且(qie)在鞏固現(xian)有(you)廈門、福州、廣州、南昌(chang)、武(wu)漢等地。