瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)縣位于云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)省東南(nan)(nan)部(bu),紅河哈尼族彝(yi)族自治州北(bei)部(bu),國土面(mian)積(ji)(ji)1674平方公里。瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)歷(li)史悠久,文(wen)化源遠流長。據《廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)府(fu)志》記載(zai),明(ming)(ming)洪武15年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元1382年(nian)(nian)(nian))至清(qing)乾隆(long)35年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元1370年(nian)(nian)(nian))設廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)府(fu)期(qi)(qi)間,是(shi)瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)興盛時期(qi)(qi),“商旅(lv)絡(luo)繹,車馬輻輳”就是(shi)當(dang)(dang)時的(de)(de)(de)寫照。瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)縣境(jing)內(nei)大部(bu)分地區氣候(hou)溫和,光(guang)照充足(zu),降雨適中,具(ju)(ju)有(you)“冬無嚴寒、夏無酷署”的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)原季風氣候(hou),自然條(tiao)件適宜果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)生長,境(jing)內(nei)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)木繁(fan)多(duo),資源豐富。瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植歷(li)史悠久,據清(qing)乾隆(long)《廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)府(fu)志》 物產(chan)(chan)(chan) 果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之屬記載(zai):“桃 李 梅 杏 榴 梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li) 柿(shi) 栗(li) 榛(zhen) 松(song) 核桃 羊棗 花(hua)(hua)紅 木瓜(gua) 楊梅 橙(cheng) 山楂(zha) 橘(ju) 橄(gan)欖 ”。按此推算(suan),瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)縣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史有(you)250年(nian)(nian)(nian)以上。 據《瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)縣志》記載(zai):1978年(nian)(nian)(nian),全(quan)縣已種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)積(ji)(ji)5000余(yu)畝(mu),約20萬株,產(chan)(chan)(chan)量約200噸(dun)。1977年(nian)(nian)(nian)引(yin)進碭山酥(su)、雪(xue)花(hua)(hua)、金(jin)花(hua)(hua)、早(zao)(zao)(zao)酥(su)等(deng)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)(cheng)功,至1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)發展新品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2000余(yu)畝(mu)。1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)縣被列為云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)省優質(zhi)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)基地縣,瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)高(gao)(gao)原梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)發展步(bu)入(ru)快速發展時期(qi)(qi)。經(jing)過“八五”、 “九五”、 “十(shi)五”、 “十(shi)一五”優質(zhi)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)基地的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設,到(dao)(dao)目前(qian)為止,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)積(ji)(ji)已發展到(dao)(dao)15萬畝(mu),年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量達12萬噸(dun)。 雪(xue)花(hua)(hua)、早(zao)(zao)(zao)酥(su)、早(zao)(zao)(zao)白蜜(mi)、美(mei)人酥(su)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)較(jiao)適宜當(dang)(dang)地獨特(te)氣候(hou)和環境(jing)條(tiao)件,表現(xian)優良,一直為瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植的(de)(de)(de)主栽品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。具(ju)(ju)有(you)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)早(zao)(zao)(zao)(同一品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)期(qi)(qi)比(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)省梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區早(zao)(zao)(zao)5-8天(tian),比(bi)北(bei)方早(zao)(zao)(zao)25-30天(tian)),高(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、穩(wen)產(chan)(chan)(chan),果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)形端正,果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)面(mian)平滑,皮薄(bo),果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)心小,肉(rou)質(zhi)細(xi)嫩,石細(xi)胞少,多(duo)汁化渣(zha),可溶(rong)性(xing)固形物含量高(gao)(gao)(≥11.00%)的(de)(de)(de)共(gong)同特(te)性(xing)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)參加云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)省首次組織(zhi)優質(zhi)水果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)鑒(jian)品(pin)(pin)(pin)會(hui),瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)高(gao)(gao)原梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)雪(xue)花(hua)(hua)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)獲(huo)(huo)得云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)省優質(zhi)水果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)證書;1997年(nian)(nian)(nian),瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)縣果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)站(zhan)《萬畝(mu)優質(zhi)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)綜合技術開發》獲(huo)(huo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)省農(nong)業廳科技推廣(guang)三等(deng)獎(jiang),瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)高(gao)(gao)原梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)早(zao)(zao)(zao)酥(su)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)參加在(zai)江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)舉辦的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)業部(bu)優質(zhi)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)南(nan)(nan)方優質(zhi)早(zao)(zao)(zao)熟(shu)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)評(ping)比(bi)獲(huo)(huo)全(quan)國第一名(ming);瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)高(gao)(gao)原梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)雪(xue)花(hua)(hua)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1999年(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)中國99昆明(ming)(ming)世界(jie)園藝博覽(lan)會(hui)室內(nei)蔬菜、水果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)評(ping)比(bi)獲(huo)(huo)金(jin)獎(jiang);瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)高(gao)(gao)原梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)早(zao)(zao)(zao)白蜜(mi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)全(quan)國早(zao)(zao)(zao)熟(shu)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)等(deng)級(ji)標準研討暨優質(zhi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)擂臺賽(sai)上獲(huo)(huo)優質(zhi)早(zao)(zao)(zao)熟(shu)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)獎(jiang);瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)高(gao)(gao)原梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)雪(xue)花(hua)(hua)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)獲(huo)(huo)首屆(jie)昆明(ming)(ming)國際農(nong)業博覽(lan)會(hui)金(jin)獎(jiang);2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)露牌高(gao)(gao)原梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)被評(ping)為云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)名(ming)牌農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)稱號。 在(zai)長期(qi)(qi)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)中,當(dang)(dang)地群眾把以雪(xue)花(hua)(hua)、早(zao)(zao)(zao)酥(su)、早(zao)(zao)(zao)白蜜(mi)、美(mei)人酥(su)四個品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為主的(de)(de)(de)瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)統稱為瀘(lu)(lu)西(xi)(xi)高(gao)(gao)原梨(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。
地域范圍
瀘西高(gao)原(yuan)梨生(sheng)產區域位于云南省瀘西縣境內,包括中樞鎮(zhen)、舞街鎮(zhen)、白水鎮(zhen)、金(jin)馬(ma)鎮(zhen)、舊(jiu)城鎮(zhen)、永寧鄉(xiang)、向陽鄉(xiang)、三塘(tang)鄉(xiang)8個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)。地理(li)坐標(biao)為:東經103°30′~104°03′,北(bei)緯24°15′~24°46′,南北(bei)長54.75 ㎞,東西寬 54 ㎞,種植面(mian)積10000公頃,年產量12萬噸。
產品品質特(te)性特(te)征
(1)外觀(guan)(guan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi):瀘西(xi)高原梨四個(ge)品(pin)(pin)種雖然大(da)小、果(guo)形(xing)(xing)、顏色(se)(se)(se)有一(yi)定差異,但均表現(xian)出果(guo)形(xing)(xing)端(duan)正、果(guo)面(mian)光(guang)(guang)滑等共(gong)同特(te)(te)性。紅色(se)(se)(se)梨系(xi)列(lie)兩個(ge)品(pin)(pin)種早(zao)(zao)白蜜、美人酥顏色(se)(se)(se)獨特(te)(te),果(guo)皮(pi)均覆紅色(se)(se)(se)彩暈(yun),外觀(guan)(guan)艷麗。而(er)每個(ge)品(pin)(pin)種又具有獨特(te)(te)的外觀(guan)(guan)特(te)(te)征,具體為:雪(xue)花品(pin)(pin)種果(guo)形(xing)(xing)橢(tuo)圓端(duan)正,果(guo)皮(pi)綠黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se),貯后變黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se),蠟質(zhi)薄(bo)有光(guang)(guang)澤,果(guo)點(dian)大(da)而(er)明(ming)顯;早(zao)(zao)酥品(pin)(pin)種果(guo)實(shi)橢(tuo)圓形(xing)(xing),果(guo)皮(pi)綠黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se),果(guo)面(mian)平滑,有光(guang)(guang)澤,果(guo)點(dian)小或不明(ming)顯;早(zao)(zao)白蜜品(pin)(pin)種果(guo)實(shi)倒卵形(xing)(xing),果(guo)皮(pi)黃(huang)(huang)白色(se)(se)(se),陽面(mian)間具紅色(se)(se)(se)暈(yun),蠟質(zhi)薄(bo)有光(guang)(guang)澤;美人酥品(pin)(pin)種果(guo)實(shi)近倒卵園形(xing)(xing),果(guo)肉淡白色(se)(se)(se),果(guo)皮(pi)黃(huang)(huang)綠色(se)(se)(se),果(guo)面(mian)覆。
(2)內在品(pin)(pin)質:瀘西高(gao)原梨四(si)個品(pin)(pin)種果肉均為白(bai)色,雪(xue)花、早(zao)白(bai)蜜味(wei)道蜜甜,早(zao)酥、美人酥味(wei)甜微酸。都具(ju)有皮薄,肉質脆、細(xi)嫩、 多汁(zhi)無(wu)渣,果心小,營養豐富的共(gong)同特性。其中,硬度≥2.50kgf/平方厘米,可溶性固形(xing)物含量(liang)≥11.00%,總糖≥7.00%,維生素C≥2.5mg/100g,水(shui)分≥80%。
(3)安全要求:瀘西高原梨(li)(li)產地(di)環境(jing)按照NY5013-2006《無公害(hai)食品梨(li)(li)產地(di)環境(jing)條(tiao)件(jian)》執行;生產嚴格按照GB/T10650-2008《鮮梨(li)(li)》的有關(guan)規定執行。