一.產品介紹
據永樂鄉水(shui)塘村村民樊俊國(guo)回憶(yi),1986年(nian)秋,時任市委(wei)書記(ji)(ji)的李萬(wan)(wan)祿到(dao)(dao)北京看望曾任貴(gui)州(zhou)省(sheng)省(sheng)委(wei)書記(ji)(ji)的池(chi)(chi)必卿,池(chi)(chi)夫人(ren)(ren)許若(ruo)冰(bing)見是(shi)貴(gui)州(zhou)老熟人(ren)(ren),就捧出一(yi)盤又紅(hong)(hong)(hong)又大(da)的桃子(zi)(zi)招待他。池(chi)(chi)老介紹(shao)說:“這叫燕紅(hong)(hong)(hong)桃,是(shi)隔壁朱老總夫人(ren)(ren)康(kang)克清大(da)姐(jie)(jie)送來的。康(kang)大(da)姐(jie)(jie)家有個桃園(yuan),每年(nian)8月桃子(zi)(zi)熟了(le)(le)(le),康(kang)大(da)姐(jie)(jie)都要摘一(yi)些(xie)送給(gei)鄰居品(pin)嘗。今(jin)天(tian)你有口福,正好(hao)碰上(shang),快嘗嘗吧。”李萬(wan)(wan)祿同志(zhi)從(cong)沒見過拳頭大(da)小(xiao)的桃子(zi)(zi),鮮紅(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)靈,而且是(shi)朱老總園(yuan)子(zi)(zi)里(li)結的,又奇又羨。取來一(yi)個咬一(yi)口,又脆又甜又香。再一(yi)看,從(cong)皮到(dao)(dao)肉,通(tong)體(ti)鮮紅(hong)(hong)(hong)。 ?? 贊(zan)賞之余,萬(wan)(wan)祿同志(zhi)脫口說:“要是(shi)貴(gui)陽(yang)能(neng)結出這樣的桃子(zi)(zi)多美呀!”池(chi)(chi)老說:“也行!到(dao)(dao)冬(dong)天(tian)你們來,我帶你們去康(kang)大(da)姐(jie)(jie)家剪幾個桃枝,你帶回貴(gui)陽(yang)找(zhao)人(ren)(ren)嫁接到(dao)(dao)本地桃樹上(shang),就能(neng)發芽開花結果,然后(hou)再培植推廣,幾年(nian)就成規模(mo)了(le)(le)(le)。這樣,既使農民增加收入,又讓(rang)貴(gui)州(zhou)人(ren)(ren)能(neng)吃到(dao)(dao)仙桃飽(bao)口福,豈不一(yi)舉兩得嗎(ma)。”池(chi)(chi)老離開貴(gui)陽(yang)多年(nian)了(le)(le)(le),還如此關心(xin)貴(gui)州(zhou)人(ren)(ren)民,使萬(wan)(wan)祿同志(zhi)十分感激。他聽(ting)在耳里(li),記(ji)(ji)在心(xin)里(li)。回到(dao)(dao)貴(gui)陽(yang)后(hou),立刻(ke)把它當作富民強市的大(da)事(shi)交給(gei)時任市委(wei)副書記(ji)(ji)的劉也強找(zhao)人(ren)(ren)落實。 就這樣,燕紅(hong)(hong)(hong)桃走進了(le)(le)(le)永樂鄉。
二.自(zi)然(ran)生態環境和人文歷史因(yin)素
永(yong)樂艷(yan)(yan)紅桃(tao)(tao)產區地勢平坦,旱地以大土泥(ni)、黃(huang)泥(ni)土、化石砂土為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),黃(huang)沙泥(ni)土、潮泥(ni)土等次之,土壤(rang)(rang)類(lei)型主(zhu)(zhu)要為(wei)土質沙壤(rang)(rang)土或壤(rang)(rang)土。稻田(tian)(tian)以大眼泥(ni)、黃(huang)泥(ni)田(tian)(tian)、黃(huang)膠泥(ni)田(tian)(tian)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),次為(wei)潮泥(ni)田(tian)(tian)、紫泥(ni)田(tian)(tian),土層深厚(hou),疏松肥沃(wo),保肥能(neng)力較強。艷(yan)(yan)紅桃(tao)(tao)產區土層厚(hou)一般達(da)80cm以上,PH5.0—7.0,土壤(rang)(rang)有機質、氮、鉀含(han)量比較豐富,其中(zhong)有機質平均(jun)(jun)超過2.0%,含(han)氮0.32%—0.80%,速效(xiao)鉀115.50—178.00mg/千克,這是永(yong)樂艷(yan)(yan)紅桃(tao)(tao)獨特的土壤(rang)(rang)條件。產區氣候(hou)屬亞熱帶季風性濕潤氣候(hou)。年平均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)14.9攝(she)氏度,年均(jun)(jun)日照數為(wei)1270小時,日照率為(wei)29%。有效(xiao)積溫(wen)≥10攝(she)氏度231.7天(tian),積溫(wen)4484.6攝(she)氏度,極端(duan)最高氣溫(wen)34.7攝(she)氏度,極端(duan)最低氣溫(wen)-9.7攝(she)氏度,無霜期平均(jun)(jun)285天(tian)。多年平均(jun)(jun)降水量為(wei)1168.2mm,平均(jun)(jun)相對濕度80%,是艷(yan)(yan)紅桃(tao)(tao)生產適(shi)宜區域。
三.地域范圍
永(yong)(yong)樂(le)艷紅桃農產(chan)品地(di)理標(biao)志地(di)域保護范圍(wei)包(bao)括永(yong)(yong)樂(le)鄉(xiang)水(shui)塘村、石(shi)塘村、羊角村、柏楊村、羅吏村、永(yong)(yong)樂(le)村、干井村等(deng)7個現(xian)轄行政村。地(di)理坐標(biao)為(wei):北(bei)緯(wei)26°32’至26°40’,東經106°45’至106°56’,海拔1100米。全鄉(xiang)東抵(di)龍(long)里縣貓場鎮,南(nan)贊靠(kao)貴(gui)陽市(shi)南(nan)明(ming)區(qu)龍(long)洞堡辦(ban)事處(chu)和(he)貴(gui)陽市(shi)花溪區(qu)小碧鄉(xiang),西(xi)臨貴(gui)陽市(shi)烏當(dang)區(qu)高(gao)新辦(ban)事處(chu)阿(a)粟村,北(bei)接貴(gui)陽市(shi)烏當(dang)區(qu)東風鎮。全鄉(xiang)東西(xi)軸長12公(gong)(gong)里,南(nan)北(bei)軸長8公(gong)(gong)里,總面積57.9平(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里。保護面積2千公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),年產(chan)量(liang)3萬噸。
四.產品品質特性特征
(1)外在感(gan)官(guan)特征(zheng):永樂艷紅(hong)桃個大,呈粉紅(hong)色,色澤鮮(xian)麗,果(guo)肉細嫩,果(guo)汁(zhi)美味、汁(zhi)多(duo)口(kou)感(gan)好,芳香(xiang)誘人。單果(guo)平均重220克(ke),特級(ji)(ji)果(guo)重300~350g,一級(ji)(ji)果(guo)重200~250g,二(er)級(ji)(ji)果(guo)小于200g,三級(ji)(ji)果(guo)小于150g。永樂艷紅(hong)桃主(zhu)要為一級(ji)(ji)果(guo)和二(er)級(ji)(ji)果(guo)。
(2)內在(zai)品質指標:永樂艷紅桃以甜味適中(zhong),富含(han)水分(fen)、糖分(fen)、維生(sheng)素。根(gen)據貴州(zhou)省農產品質量安全檢(jian)測中(zhong)心分(fen)析,總糖11.1%,還原(yuan)糖10.3%,水分(fen)85.9%,總酸度0.22%,可溶性固形(xing)物為12.5%,抗壞血(xue)酸(mg/100g)12.8。
(3)永(yong)樂艷紅桃(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)產嚴(yan)格按無公(gong)害農產品生(sheng)(sheng)產規(gui)范和標準(zhun)(zhun)生(sheng)(sheng)產。產品安全質(zhi)量應(ying)符(fu)合(he)DB5201/T19—2006《桃(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)產技術規(gui)程(cheng)地方標準(zhun)(zhun)》(見附件)
五.特(te)定生產方式
永樂艷紅(hong)桃(tao)栽(zai)種(zhong)區域一般選(xuan)擇向陽、排水良好的緩坡(po)地(di)帶,坡(po)度(du)≤25度(du)。園(yuan)地(di)的水源方便,灌溉(gai)水質(zhi)量(liang)符合(he)GB 18407.2-2001RN所規定的質(zhi)量(liang)指標要求。 主(zhu)要栽(zai)培品(pin)種(zhong)為(wei)艷紅(hong)桃(tao)。選(xuan)擇2年(nian)生毛桃(tao)嫁(jia)(jia)接苗地(di)徑以上(shang)10㎝處(chu)干粗0.8-1㎝,株(zhu)高(gao)80-100㎝,整形帶芽健壯(zhuang)、飽滿。苗木根(gen)系(xi)發達,無檢疫(yi)性病蟲,栽(zai)植(zhi)時(shi)間為(wei)12-1月(yue)定植(zhi)。栽(zai)植(zhi)密度(du)為(wei)株(zhu)行距6×5m或5×5m。栽(zai)植(zhi)技術主(zhu)要包括:栽(zai)植(zhi)前先挖定植(zhi)穴(xue),穴(xue)深(shen)80-100㎝,寬(kuan)100㎝,挖時(shi)表(biao)層(ceng)肥土(tu)與底層(ceng)心土(tu)分(fen)開堆(dui)放(fang),回填時(shi)表(biao)土(tu)放(fang)底層(ceng),心土(tu)放(fang)表(biao)層(ceng),每穴(xue)施(shi)入有(you)機肥75-100㎏,土(tu)堆(dui)高(gao)出(chu)地(di)面20-25㎝。苗木栽(zai)植(zhi)時(shi)要求根(gen)系(xi)舒展,填土(tu)踏(ta)實(shi),嫁(jia)(jia)接口露(lu)出(chu),澆(jiao)透定根(gen)水。土(tu)壤管(guan)(guan)(guan)理包括冬季深(shen)翻熟化,結合(he)施(shi)基肥進(jin)(jin)行。深(shen)度(du):30cm-50cm。方法(fa):從定值穴(xue)向外,逐年(nian)擴大深(shen)翻范(fan)圍。以疏(shu)(shu)果措施(shi)促進(jin)(jin)艷紅(hong)桃(tao)高(gao)產,疏(shu)(shu)果要分(fen)2次(ci)(ci)進(jin)(jin)行,即第(di)1次(ci)(ci)在謝花后2周(zhou)左右進(jin)(jin)行,去小留(liu)大;第(di)2次(ci)(ci)疏(shu)(shu)果在5月(yue)上(shang)旬(xun)進(jin)(jin)行,摘除畸形果和過(guo)密果,長果枝留(liu)2-3個(ge),中(zhong)(zhong)果枝留(liu)2個(ge),短果枝留(liu)1個(ge),疏(shu)(shu)果在5月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)下旬(xun)完成。管(guan)(guan)(guan)理以基肥為(wei)主(zhu),追肥為(wei)輔。8月(yue)上(shang)旬(xun)到(dao)9月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)采收(shou)(shou),桃(tao)身部分(fen)轉為(wei)紅(hong)色即可采收(shou)(shou),分(fen)期(qi)采收(shou)(shou),成熟一批采收(shou)(shou)一批。每批艷紅(hong)桃(tao)建立詳細的投入品(pin)記錄、田(tian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)記錄、加工記錄、出(chu)入庫記錄、銷(xiao)售記錄等。
六.包裝(zhuang)標識相關規定
本規(gui)定地域(yu)范圍內的(de)永樂(le)艷(yan)(yan)紅桃(tao)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經營者(zhe),在產(chan)(chan)品(pin)或包裝上使用(yong)(yong)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)志,須向南明區(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)力促進中心提出申請,按照相關要求(qiu)規(gui)范生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和使用(yong)(yong)標(biao)(biao)志,統一采用(yong)(yong)永樂(le)艷(yan)(yan)紅桃(tao)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)名(ming)稱和農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)志公共標(biao)(biao)識相結合的(de)標(biao)(biao)識標(biao)(biao)注方(fang)法。