景點簡介
西(xi)洋(yang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),坐落(luo)于五大堡鄉西(xi)洋(yang)村松源溪(xi)畔,系古代菇(gu)民(min)為紀(ji)念香菇(gu)鼻祖吳(wu)三(san)公而(er)建(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)紀(ji)念性建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。始建(jian)(jian)宋咸淳元年(1265),祀奉香菇(gu)鼻祖吳(wu)三(san)公,又稱吳(wu)判府殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)宇依(yi)山(shan)傍水,飛檐畫棟,雕梁翹角(jiao),氣勢宏偉。西(xi)洋(yang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)依(yi)山(shan)傍水,座北朝南(nan)(nan),建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)平(ping)面呈縱長(chang)方形,進深(shen)32米(mi),面闊(kuo)19.4米(mi),占地在(zai)952.35平(ping)方米(mi)。該殿(dian)(dian)(dian)為四(si)合寺觀式建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),中(zhong)軸(zhou)線自(zi)南(nan)(nan)而(er)北依(yi)次有照墻、山(shan)門、前(qian)廳、戲(xi)臺、中(zhong)臺、正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)等,在(zai)正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)分列左(zuo)右廂房,廂房中(zhong)心(xin)間(jian)為鐘(zhong)鼓樓,與(yu)正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)相(xiang)(xiang)對是倒座。正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)中(zhong)底置(zhi)吳(wu)三(san)公像。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)外東側有一古井,為“運木(mu)古井”,相(xiang)(xiang)傳建(jian)(jian)廟用的(de)(de)木(mu)材以是從(cong)井里涌出,傳說頗(po)似杭州凈慈(ci)寺的(de)(de)“運木(mu)古井”。
歷史經歷
據《慶(qing)元縣縣志(zhi)·人物》記載:吳(wu)三(san)(san)公(gong)(gong)(gong)為慶(qing)元縣百山祖(zu)鄉龍(long)巖村人,兄弟間排(pai)行第三(san)(san)而得名(ming),他在長期生產實踐中發明(ming)了人工栽培香菇(gu)技術,明(ming)萬歷三(san)(san)年,與其(qi)父親(qin)被寧神宗封為“判府(fu)相公(gong)(gong)(gong)”。關于吳(wu)三(san)(san)公(gong)(gong)(gong)的身(shen)世,現還有(you)“祖(zu)家在龍(long)巖,生長在西洋”之說。
每(mei)年三(san)月十(shi)(shi)七日和七月十(shi)(shi)七日至(zhi)十(shi)(shi)九日為龍泉、慶元(yuan)、景寧三(san)縣菇(gu)(gu)民(min)朝拜菇(gu)(gu)神的(de)進香(xiang)期,云(yun)集諸(zhu)方(fang)山(shan)貨,舉行戲劇表演,宣揚菇(gu)(gu)民(min)民(min)俗文化。該(gai)殿(dian)(dian)是“香(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)之(zhi)源”的(de)象征。殿(dian)(dian)旁有蘭溪橋(qiao),與之(zhi)珠聯璧合,相(xiang)映生(sheng)輝。
民間故事
慶元竹山西(xi)洋村(cun)有一座大(da)殿(dian),叫“西(xi)洋殿(dian)”。殿(dian)內(nei)神櫥(chu)中有一樽神像,那(nei)便是菇民祀奉的菇神——吳三(san)公。
吳三(san)(san)公(gong)到仙界學(xue)了(le)制(zhi)菇(gu)(gu)術,又把(ba)它傳(chuan)給了(le)龍、慶、景三(san)(san)縣百姓。三(san)(san)公(gong)死后,菇(gu)(gu)民們便(bian)商量起建殿(dian)祭(ji)祖(zu)師(shi)的事(shi)來(lai)(lai),先是請(qing)陰陽先生來(lai)(lai)踏(ta)(ta)地,踏(ta)(ta)來(lai)(lai)踏(ta)(ta)去,最終踏(ta)(ta)在了(le)西(xi)洋(yang)村尾(wei)水口。
陰陽(yang)先生還留下(xia)話,說(shuo)是(shi)大殿(dian)要用(yong)三百(bai)株無尾(wei)巴的(de)杉樹(shu)(shu)。這可(ke)把管事(shi)的(de)難(nan)住了,派(pai)人四(si)出打聽,走了許多州縣,看(kan)過(guo)幾百(bai)個(ge)(ge)山頭,就是(shi)找不到三百(bai)株無尾(wei)的(de)杉樹(shu)(shu)。有一回,一個(ge)(ge)過(guo)路(lu)乞丐說(shuo):“福建浦城的(de)一座山上(shang)剛刮過(guo)龍(long)風。那(nei)樹(shu)(shu)頂全被龍(long)風剪了。”菇(gu)(gu)民(min)們找到了那(nei)片山,用(yong)銀(yin)兩買了下(xia)來,在那(nei)里(li)砍(kan)(kan)樹(shu)(shu)。砍(kan)(kan)呀(ya)、砍(kan)(kan)呀(ya),足足砍(kan)(kan)了一個(ge)(ge)多月(yue),那(nei)樹(shu)(shu)一根根谷桶般粗,透天般長,整個(ge)(ge)山彎都堆滿了。可(ke)路(lu)這么遠(yuan),這樹(shu)(shu)如(ru)何發(fa)到西洋去?菇(gu)(gu)民(min)們誰也想不出個(ge)(ge)好辦法。
這天,菇民(min)們正在(zai)山寮(liao)里發(fa)呆(dai),忽然看見一(yi)(yi)個(ge)老翁擔了一(yi)(yi)擔飯(fan)送上山來(lai)(lai),那老翁走到(dao)木(mu)堆(dui)前便不見了。菇民(min)們過(guo)去一(yi)(yi)看,一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)米飯(fan)一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)菜(cai)放在(zai)木(mu)堆(dui)上,還見木(mu)堆(dui)旁陷下(xia)了一(yi)(yi)個(ge)大(da)(da)洞(dong)(dong),黑洞(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)深(shen)不可測。菇民(min)們已幾天吃(chi)不到(dao)好飯(fan)菜(cai),解開老翁的(de)(de)(de)飯(fan)擔便大(da)(da)吃(chi)起來(lai)(lai),不一(yi)(yi)會,飯(fan)吃(chi)完了,回頭(tou)(tou)(tou)看那木(mu)堆(dui)已無(wu)影無(wu)蹤。原來(lai)(lai),木(mu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)早就通過(guo)地道,發(fa)回西洋(yang)了。那老翁正是吳三公(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)化身,現在(zai),西洋(yang)殿(dian)外的(de)(de)(de)水井中還剩下(xia)一(yi)(yi)段呢,那口井便是當年吳三公(gong)(gong)發(fa)木(mu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)時(shi)留(liu)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)。
木(mu)頭發到了(le),菇民們請了(le)當地最(zui)好的(de)(de)(de)木(mu)匠(jiang)和石匠(jiang)來造殿(dian)(dian),可西洋這(zhe)地方四周沒村,買不(bu)到好菜(cai),工(gong)匠(jiang)們吃(chi)得很(hen)苦。有(you)一日(ri),一個乞(qi)丐賴在工(gong)棚里(li)不(bu)肯(ken)走,管事的(de)(de)(de)見眼前人手不(bu)夠,便將他留下(xia)幫(bang)忙(mang)做飯(fan),說也(ye)奇(qi)怪,那(nei)乞(qi)丐天(tian)(tian)天(tian)(tian)抓些刨花放(fang)在鍋內三搗兩搗便變成一滿(man)鍋的(de)(de)(de)豬(zhu)肉(rou),在清水里(li)撒上幾把(ba)鋸末,三搗兩搗又是(shi)一鍋蝦皮(pi)湯。從此(ci),工(gong)匠(jiang)們每天(tian)(tian)吃(chi)上了(le)好飯(fan)。一座大殿(dian)(dian)很(hen)快便完工(gong)了(le)。大殿(dian)(dian)造好后,塑佛老(lao)司在殿(dian)(dian)內塑了(le)吳(wu)三公(gong)的(de)(de)(de)神像,據說,當年“五顯神”曾(ceng)賜了(le)一只(zhi)黑(hei)虎(hu)給吳(wu)三公(gong)巡山管香菇,因此(ci),吳(wu)三公(gong)的(de)(de)(de)神像也(ye)騎在黑(hei)虎(hu)的(de)(de)(de)背上。手中還握著一條趕虎(hu)的(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)鞭呢(ni)。