景點簡介
西(xi)洋殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),坐落于五大堡鄉(xiang)西(xi)洋村松源溪畔,系古(gu)代(dai)菇民為(wei)(wei)(wei)紀(ji)念(nian)香菇鼻祖吳三(san)(san)公(gong)而建的(de)紀(ji)念(nian)性建筑。始建宋咸淳元年(1265),祀(si)奉香菇鼻祖吳三(san)(san)公(gong),又稱吳判(pan)府殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)宇依山(shan)(shan)傍(bang)水(shui),飛檐畫棟,雕梁翹角,氣勢宏(hong)偉。西(xi)洋殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)依山(shan)(shan)傍(bang)水(shui),座北朝南,建筑平面呈縱長方(fang)形,進深32米(mi),面闊19.4米(mi),占地在952.35平方(fang)米(mi)。該殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)四合寺(si)(si)觀式建筑,中(zhong)軸線自(zi)南而北依次有照(zhao)墻、山(shan)(shan)門(men)、前廳、戲臺、中(zhong)臺、正殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等,在正殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前分列(lie)左右廂(xiang)房,廂(xiang)房中(zhong)心間為(wei)(wei)(wei)鐘鼓(gu)樓(lou),與(yu)正殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)相(xiang)對是(shi)倒座。正殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)中(zhong)底置(zhi)吳三(san)(san)公(gong)像。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)外東側有一古(gu)井(jing),為(wei)(wei)(wei)“運木(mu)古(gu)井(jing)”,相(xiang)傳(chuan)建廟用的(de)木(mu)材以(yi)是(shi)從井(jing)里涌出,傳(chuan)說(shuo)頗似杭州凈慈寺(si)(si)的(de)“運木(mu)古(gu)井(jing)”。
歷史經歷
據《慶元縣縣志·人物》記載:吳三(san)公為慶元縣百(bai)山祖鄉(xiang)龍巖村人,兄弟間(jian)排行第(di)三(san)而得名,他在(zai)長期生產實踐中發明了人工栽培香(xiang)菇技術,明萬歷三(san)年(nian),與其父親(qin)被寧(ning)神(shen)宗封為“判(pan)府相公”。關于吳三(san)公的(de)身世,現(xian)還有(you)“祖家在(zai)龍巖,生長在(zai)西(xi)洋”之(zhi)說。
每年三(san)月十七(qi)日(ri)(ri)和七(qi)月十七(qi)日(ri)(ri)至(zhi)十九(jiu)日(ri)(ri)為龍泉、慶元(yuan)、景寧(ning)三(san)縣(xian)菇(gu)民朝(chao)拜菇(gu)神(shen)的(de)進香(xiang)期,云(yun)集諸方山(shan)貨,舉行戲(xi)劇(ju)表演,宣揚菇(gu)民民俗文化。該殿(dian)(dian)是“香(xiang)菇(gu)之源”的(de)象征。殿(dian)(dian)旁(pang)有蘭溪(xi)橋,與之珠聯(lian)璧(bi)合(he),相(xiang)映生輝。
民間故事
慶元(yuan)竹(zhu)山西(xi)洋(yang)村(cun)有(you)一座大殿,叫“西(xi)洋(yang)殿”。殿內神櫥中有(you)一樽(zun)神像(xiang),那便是(shi)菇民(min)祀奉的菇神——吳(wu)三(san)公。
吳三公(gong)到仙(xian)界學(xue)了制菇(gu)術,又(you)把它(ta)傳給了龍、慶、景三縣百姓。三公(gong)死(si)后,菇(gu)民們便商量起建殿祭祖師的事來(lai),先(xian)是請(qing)陰陽先(xian)生來(lai)踏地(di),踏來(lai)踏去,最終踏在了西洋村尾(wei)水口。
陰陽(yang)先生還留下話,說是大(da)殿要用三百株(zhu)無尾(wei)巴的(de)杉(shan)樹(shu)(shu)。這可把管事的(de)難住(zhu)了(le),派人四(si)出(chu)打聽,走了(le)許多州縣,看過(guo)幾百個(ge)山頭,就(jiu)是找(zhao)不(bu)(bu)到(dao)三百株(zhu)無尾(wei)的(de)杉(shan)樹(shu)(shu)。有一回,一個(ge)過(guo)路乞丐說:“福建浦城的(de)一座山上剛刮過(guo)龍風。那(nei)(nei)(nei)樹(shu)(shu)頂(ding)全被龍風剪了(le)。”菇(gu)民們找(zhao)到(dao)了(le)那(nei)(nei)(nei)片山,用銀兩買(mai)了(le)下來(lai),在那(nei)(nei)(nei)里砍樹(shu)(shu)。砍呀、砍呀,足足砍了(le)一個(ge)多月,那(nei)(nei)(nei)樹(shu)(shu)一根根谷(gu)桶(tong)般(ban)粗,透天般(ban)長,整個(ge)山彎都堆滿了(le)。可路這么遠,這樹(shu)(shu)如何發(fa)到(dao)西洋(yang)去(qu)?菇(gu)民們誰也想不(bu)(bu)出(chu)個(ge)好辦法。
這(zhe)天,菇(gu)民(min)(min)(min)們正(zheng)在山(shan)(shan)寮里(li)發(fa)呆(dai),忽然看(kan)見一(yi)(yi)個老翁(weng)(weng)擔了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)擔飯(fan)送上山(shan)(shan)來(lai),那(nei)老翁(weng)(weng)走到(dao)木(mu)(mu)(mu)堆前便(bian)不見了(le)(le)(le)。菇(gu)民(min)(min)(min)們過去一(yi)(yi)看(kan),一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)米飯(fan)一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)菜放在木(mu)(mu)(mu)堆上,還(huan)見木(mu)(mu)(mu)堆旁陷下了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)個大(da)洞(dong)(dong),黑洞(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)的(de)深(shen)不可測。菇(gu)民(min)(min)(min)們已(yi)幾天吃(chi)不到(dao)好飯(fan)菜,解開(kai)老翁(weng)(weng)的(de)飯(fan)擔便(bian)大(da)吃(chi)起(qi)來(lai),不一(yi)(yi)會,飯(fan)吃(chi)完了(le)(le)(le),回頭(tou)看(kan)那(nei)木(mu)(mu)(mu)堆已(yi)無影無蹤。原來(lai),木(mu)(mu)(mu)頭(tou)早就通過地道,發(fa)回西洋(yang)了(le)(le)(le)。那(nei)老翁(weng)(weng)正(zheng)是(shi)吳三(san)公的(de)化身,現在,西洋(yang)殿外的(de)水井中還(huan)剩下一(yi)(yi)段呢,那(nei)口井便(bian)是(shi)當年(nian)吳三(san)公發(fa)木(mu)(mu)(mu)頭(tou)時留(liu)下的(de)。
木(mu)頭發到(dao)了(le)(le),菇民們請了(le)(le)當地(di)最好(hao)的木(mu)匠(jiang)和(he)石匠(jiang)來(lai)造殿(dian),可西洋這地(di)方四周沒村(cun),買(mai)不到(dao)好(hao)菜(cai),工(gong)匠(jiang)們吃(chi)(chi)得很(hen)苦。有一(yi)(yi)日,一(yi)(yi)個乞丐賴在工(gong)棚里不肯走,管事的見(jian)眼前人(ren)手不夠(gou),便將他(ta)留下(xia)幫忙做(zuo)飯,說也(ye)奇怪,那(nei)乞丐天天抓些刨花放(fang)在鍋內三搗(dao)兩搗(dao)便變成一(yi)(yi)滿鍋的豬肉(rou),在清水里撒上幾把鋸末,三搗(dao)兩搗(dao)又是一(yi)(yi)鍋蝦皮(pi)湯。從此,工(gong)匠(jiang)們每天吃(chi)(chi)上了(le)(le)好(hao)飯。一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)大殿(dian)很(hen)快便完工(gong)了(le)(le)。大殿(dian)造好(hao)后(hou),塑(su)佛老司在殿(dian)內塑(su)了(le)(le)吳(wu)三公(gong)(gong)的神像(xiang),據說,當年“五顯神”曾賜了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)只黑虎給吳(wu)三公(gong)(gong)巡山管香(xiang)菇,因此,吳(wu)三公(gong)(gong)的神像(xiang)也(ye)騎在黑虎的背上。手中還握(wo)著一(yi)(yi)條趕虎的鋼(gang)鞭呢(ni)。