元(yuan)(yuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),門(men)前(qian)有(you)(you)塊 “九紫(zi)” 碑(bei)寓示(shi)“紫(zi)氣東(dong)來”的(de)(de)(de)(de)意思。觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)分前(qian)后(hou)(hou)兩殿(dian)(dian)(dian),前(qian)為(wei)(wei)玉皇(huang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),后(hou)(hou)為(wei)(wei)三清寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian),兩殿(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)天(tian)井相隔,依走(zou)廊相通(tong)。相傳由“六橋(qiao)”中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)迎仙橋(qiao)赴元(yuan)(yuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)神迎仙,可心想事(shi)成(cheng)。元(yuan)(yuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)一座歷(li)史悠久的(de)(de)(de)(de)道(dao)教(jiao)寺廟,建于(yu)唐朝,位(wei)于(yu)廣東(dong)省惠州(zhou)(zhou)市惠城區。惠州(zhou)(zhou)元(yuan)(yuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)建于(yu)唐朝,距(ju)今已有(you)(you)千年歷(li)史。在歷(li)史上(shang),元(yuan)(yuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)曾經(jing)是(shi)惠州(zhou)(zhou)道(dao)教(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心,在明(ming)清時期更是(shi)享有(you)(you)盛(sheng)譽,被譽為(wei)(wei)“南國(guo)(guo)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”。元(yuan)(yuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑風格是(shi)典型的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)傳統建筑,以(yi)“三進四(si)合(he)院”為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)形(xing)式(shi),由前(qian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、中(zhong)(zhong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、后(hou)(hou)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)及左(zuo)右廂房(fang)組成(cheng)。其中(zhong)(zhong),前(qian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)接(jie)待香客的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方,中(zhong)(zhong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)主(zhu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),供(gong)奉(feng)了眾多神仙,后(hou)(hou)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)則是(shi)祭祀先(xian)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方。元(yuan)(yuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)道(dao)教(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)寺廟之一,富有(you)(you)深厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)文化內(nei)涵。其中(zhong)(zhong),代(dai)表性的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)元(yuan)(yuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)道(dao)教(jiao)文化。觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)供(gong)奉(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)神仙,如太上(shang)老君、三清、玉皇(huang)大帝(di)等(deng),都是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)道(dao)教(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)核心神靈。
元妙觀主要建(jian)筑有三清(qing)殿、眾妙之門(men)、凌霄殿、飛天樂(le)伎等。
【公交】
1.乘坐213路(lu)(lu)、29路(lu)(lu)、35路(lu)(lu)公交到西湖北門(市青少年(nian)宮)站下車,步(bu)行390米到達。
2.乘坐18路、2路、10路、7路、5路公(gong)交到惠州大橋(qiao)南(nan)站下(xia)車,步(bu)行530米到達。
3.乘(cheng)坐41路、209快線公(gong)交到百花洲站下車,步行670米到達(da)。
【自駕】
惠(hui)州(zhou)市--云(yun)山西路--惠(hui)州(zhou)斷橋(qiao)--惠(hui)洲大橋(qiao)南引橋(qiao)--下角東路--慈(ci)云(yun)路--元妙古觀(guan)。
1942年(nian),日軍侵惠時駐兵觀(guan)中(zhong),見壁(bi)上寫有(you)抗(kang)日標(biao)語,遂(sui)將(jiang)三(san)清殿、玉皇(huang)閣以及偏殿焚毀(hui)。因多(duo)(duo)年(nian)滄桑巨變,元妙(miao)觀(guan)留(liu)有(you)的古建(jian)筑(zhu)不(bu)多(duo)(duo),僅得(de)山門(men)尚保留(liu)明(ming)代(dai)(dai)(dai)建(jian)筑(zhu)特(te)點(dian)。山門(men)石(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)上刻聯「元來紫府(fu)開(kai)唐代(dai)(dai)(dai)」,「妙(miao)有(you)豐湖隔俗緣」。1950年(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai),觀(guan)前山門(men)和左偏殿尚存,并留(liu)有(you)玉皇(huang)等(deng)神像多(duo)(duo)尊,觀(guan)中(zhong)只有(you)道士數人,但(dan)香火未斷。“文革”期間,元妙(miao)觀(guan)慘遭劫難(nan),塑像被搗毀(hui),歷(li)代(dai)(dai)(dai)所(suo)遺留(liu)下來的名人石(shi)(shi)碑、木(mu)刻、明(ming)代(dai)(dai)(dai)鐵鐘等(deng)文物蕩(dang)然無存。
宋代蘇東坡謫居惠州時(shi),與天慶觀(guan)道士常(chang)有往來,飲酒賦詩,寫下不少詩詞。宋代紫(zi)清真人(ren)白玉蟾曾在天慶觀(guan)修(xiu)行,康熙年間,知府王煐為建白真人(ren)紫(zi)清閣(ge)并刻《紫(zi)清閣(ge)白真人(ren)不立像碑說》石(shi)碑,是(shi)惠州較古(gu)的碑石(shi)。
1982年(nian)(nian),首先修葺左偏(pian)殿(dian),重(zhong)塑玉皇、觀音(yin)諸神像,重(zhong)新開(kai)放(fang)(fang),恢(hui)復宗教(jiao)活動。1985年(nian)(nian)開(kai)始(shi)籌建玉皇、三清大殿(dian),并得到國內外道教(jiao)人(ren)士(shi)捐資,于1987年(nian)(nian)奠基,1989年(nian)(nian)竣工開(kai)放(fang)(fang)。1990年(nian)(nian)元妙觀被(bei)核定(ding)為惠州市文物保護單位。
近年(nian)落實宗教政策(ce),重新修(xiu)建并開放了左(zuo)偏殿(dian)(dian),正在修(xiu)葺元(yuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)正殿(dian)(dian)。不久(jiu),一(yi)(yi)座“元(yuan)來紫府開唐代,妙(miao)有豐湖隔俗(su)緣”的道教建筑(zhu)將與(yu)“桃園日暖(nuan)”一(yi)(yi)景(jing)融為(wei)一(yi)(yi)體,為(wei)惠(hui)州風景(jing)名勝增(zeng)添異彩。重建的玉(yu)皇、三清兩(liang)殿(dian)(dian)分(fen)前(qian)后(hou)兩(liang)進(jin)。前(qian)為(wei)玉(yu)皇寶殿(dian)(dian),后(hou)為(wei)三清寶殿(dian)(dian),附屬建筑(zhu)有進(jin)香(xiang)亭、殿(dian)(dian)前(qian)天階、正門拾(shi)級。天階前(qian)拾(shi)級分(fen)左(zuo)右兩(liang)道,中雕琢有太極圖和十(shi)二生肖圖樣,與(yu)主體建筑(zhu)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)軸(zhou)線(xian)。現(xian)元(yuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)已(yi)恢復(fu)的建筑(zhu),還有六十(shi)甲子殿(dian)(dian)、三元(yuan)殿(dian)(dian)、北帝殿(dian)(dian)、觀(guan)音殿(dian)(dian)、包公殿(dian)(dian)、關帝殿(dian)(dian)等。
元(yuan)妙觀(guan)(guan)位于惠州西湖之(zhi)平(ping)湖北岸(an)。是(shi)(shi)中國三(san)大著名道觀(guan)(guan)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi),又是(shi)(shi)中國二十三(san)間著名道觀(guan)(guan)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。1993年(nian)(nian)惠州市道教協會成立,以元(yuan)妙觀(guan)(guan)為會址。創(chuang)始建(jian)于唐(tang)代貞(zhen)觀(guan)(guan)七年(nian)(nian)(633)初名天(tian)慶觀(guan)(guan)天(tian)寶(bao)七年(nian)(nian)(748)擴建(jian)后改(gai)名朝元(yuan)觀(guan)(guan),后又改(gai)稱(cheng)開元(yuan)觀(guan)(guan);宋代屢有(you)興(xing)廢(fei);元(yuan)代元(yuan)貞(zhen)二年(nian)(nian)(1296)重修,始稱(cheng)元(yuan)妙觀(guan)(guan);明代天(tian)統(tong)、天(tian)順(shun)和清代康熙、光緒年(nian)(nian)間均有(you)修建(jian)。始建(jian)以來幾經(jing)興(xing)廢(fei),元(yuan)代晚期最為興(xing)旺,“橫流重檐,涂飾(shi)壯麗,像(xiang)座(zuo)威儀(yi)”。
元妙(miao)觀經(jing)歷千余年的(de)滄桑巨(ju)變,留(liu)存(cun)的(de)古(gu)建筑已經(jing)不多了,僅(jin)剩山(shan)門保留(liu)明代建筑特點。