丘師墓(mu)(mu)志(zhi),即《大唐故(gu)郿(mei)城縣(xian)開國公丘府君之墓(mu)(mu)志(zhi)銘》,2008年在陜西西安市長安區出土(tu),墓(mu)(mu)志(zhi)36行,行36字(zi)。共(gong)存字(zi)1219字(zi),該志(zhi)石現(xian)藏于河南(nan)洛陽。被認為是歐陽詢所書。
墓(mu)志(zhi)的(de)主人丘(qiu)師,歷史記載中(zhong)叫丘(qiu)師利(li),是(shi)唐朝的(de)開(kai)國元老(lao)。
在(zai)墓(mu)志中,大量篇幅提到(dao)此人(ren)擁兵起義(yi)反隋(sui),歸附唐(tang)王(wang)李淵,立下戰功無數,入唐(tang)后,先后輔佐高(gao)祖、太宗,于(yu)貞觀(guan)十(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)去世。貞觀(guan)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)年(nian),丘師利與(yu)妻子(zi)合(he)葬于(yu)長安縣。
而大(da)書(shu)法家歐陽詢(xun)恰恰也是(shi)這一年,于85歲高(gao)齡故(gu)去(qu)的(de),所以很多人(ren)認為,這個小墓志楷書(shu),是(shi)歐陽詢(xun)最后(hou)一篇作品。
大唐故使持節(jie)都(dou)(dou)督冀(ji)深貝宗四州(zhou)諸軍事冀(ji)州(zhou)都(dou)(dou)督銀青光祿大夫上柱國(guo)郿城(cheng)縣(xian)開(kai)國(guo)公丘公墓志并(bing)序
君諱師,字行則(ze),河南洛陽人也。神功夐遠(yuan)(yuan),齊圣與日月爭(zheng)光;天德(de)(de)(de)清(qing)明(ming),波(bo)瀾與滄溟(ming)俱濬。昔者(zhe)分枝(zhi)祚土,百(bai)代紹其芳(fang)音;開(kai)(kai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)混書,七(qi)族(zu)纂其徽(hui)烈。世(shi)襲(xi)(xi)臺袞,于(yu)(yu)斯(si)(si)為盛。祖(zu)壽,鎮東(dong)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)、右(you)光祿大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)、車(che)騎大(da)(da)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)、野(ye)王(wang)縣(xian)開(kai)(kai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。明(ming)允(yun)篤誠,風神卓(zhuo)穎。考和,隨(sui)左(zuo)御(yu)衛大(da)(da)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)、交(jiao)(jiao)阯郡太守,皇(huang)(huang)朝(chao)使(shi)持(chi)節、交(jiao)(jiao)州(zhou)大(da)(da)總管(guan)、上柱國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、特進、譚國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),贈荊州(zhou)大(da)(da)都(dou)(dou)督,謚襄公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。鴻材愽(bo)喻,忠(zhong)規邁俗。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)纂承(cheng)馀緒(xu),聿(yu)修堂搆(gou)。條條秀發,珪璧(bi)挺生;祑(zhi)祑(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)音,含章自遠(yuan)(yuan)。故得紹茲(zi)(zi)茅(mao)社,仰遵庭蔭。炎精啟運,早(zao)擅英(ying)聲。開(kai)(kai)皇(huang)(huang)七(qi)年(nian)(nian),襲(xi)(xi)封蒲(pu)城侯(hou)。大(da)(da)業元(yuan)年(nian)(nian),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)千牛入侍,國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)華朝(chao)彥,方膺斯(si)(si)舉(ju);雄圖(tu)日益(yi),壯(zhuang)思(si)(si)彌登(deng)。尋值百(bai)六(liu)(liu)(liu)道(dao)(dao)終,九州(zhou)幅裂(lie)。奔(ben)鯨(jing)失(shi)水,躍龍(long)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)飛。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鞠(ju)旅(lv)豳岐(qi),屯兵涇(jing)渭(wei)。承(cheng)間(jian)使(shi)傳,接引(yin)義兵。逆豎逋(bu)誅,潛謀梟虜。義寧(ning)(ning)元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)十(shi)一(yi)月于(yu)(yu)長(chang)樂(le)宮奉見太武皇(huang)(huang)帝,蒙(meng)授左(zuo)光祿大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)、郿城縣(xian)開(kai)(kai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),食邑千戶。于(yu)(yu)時秦隴(long)蜂(feng)飛,涇(jing)寧(ning)(ning)蟻(yi)聚,各(ge)相吞(tun)噬,未(wei)懾皇(huang)(huang)威。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為扶(fu)風道(dao)(dao)招(zhao)(zhao)慰大(da)(da)使(shi),闡風楊教(jiao),咸喜來蘇。分職授官,無非舉(ju)直(zhi)。加公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)柱國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、左(zuo)驍(xiao)衛將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)。今(jin)上地居當璧(bi),樹(shu)德(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)田,廣引(yin)群英(ying),旁招(zhao)(zhao)儁(jun)乂,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為左(zuo)二(er)(er)護軍(jun)(jun),董統鷹楊,參籌帷幄。薛(xue)舉(ju)狂悖,武周(zhou)跋(ba)扈,世(shi)充僭(jian)逆,建(jian)德(de)(de)(de)窺窬,黑闥(ta)憑陵,員朗肆暴,各(ge)騁雄武,競思(si)(si)逐鹿。今(jin)上稟律專征,援(yuan)麾薄伐,長(chang)轡遠(yuan)(yuan)馭,東(dong)亙(gen)滄海之(zhi)(zhi)表(biao)(biao);密(mi)綱遐張,西罩流沙之(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)。元(yuan)戎所(suo)加,冰(bing)泮幾解。加公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)上柱國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、左(zuo)監門將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)。冀(ji)方形(xing)勝,地接燕胡。招(zhao)(zhao)儁(jun)撫納,維良斯(si)(si)俟。除公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)使(shi)持(chi)節、都(dou)(dou)督冀(ji)深貝(bei)宗(zong)四州(zhou)諸軍(jun)(jun)事、冀(ji)州(zhou)都(dou)(dou)督。宣猷千里,布(bu)政六(liu)(liu)(liu)條。易俗移(yi)風,治煩(fan)求(qiu)瘼(mo)。嘉聲令譽,簡(jian)在(zai)(zai)帝心。主上賓于(yu)(yu)四門,龍(long)飛九五,加公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)散騎常侍,改都(dou)(dou)督為刺(ci)史,增封三(san)百(bai)戶,并前(qian)一(yi)千三(san)百(bai)戶。既而任遠(yuan)(yuan)親(qin)老(lao),思(si)(si)展扶(fu)侍,表(biao)(biao)請(qing)還京(jing),終其孝(xiao)道(dao)(dao)。驂騑載馳,士(shi)女(nv)追送,再臨(lin)無冀(ji),一(yi)借難期(qi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時年(nian)(nian)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)指使(shi),心勤就養,溫清(qing)朝(chao)夕,孜孜弗怠。豈圖(tu)風樹(shu)不靜,霜草易零;逝水靡留,隙(xi)駒難駐(zhu)。哀纏孺慕,痛心觸(chu)目。鑚燧屢(lv)改,新馨頻登(deng)。缞服外(wai)除,內疚未(wei)歇(xie)。方冀(ji)神道(dao)(dao)福仁,永作(zuo)臺輔。憖遺不驗,興善無徵(zhi),氣疾彌留,奄(yan)臻大(da)(da)漸。十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)十(shi)一(yi)月十(shi)日薨(hong)(hong)于(yu)(yu)雍州(zhou)長(chang)安(an)之(zhi)(zhi)第,春秋六(liu)(liu)(liu)十(shi)有(you)二(er)(er)。慟發三(san)宮,悲(bei)(bei)纏四體。窮號荼(tu)毒,創鉅痛深。敕賜(si)布(bu)絹二(er)(er)百(bai)六(liu)(liu)(liu)十(shi)段,棺槨斂服,喪事所(suo)須,務(wu)在(zai)(zai)周(zhou)備。給鼓吹一(yi)部(bu),前(qian)后(hou)羽儀(yi),仍遣六(liu)(liu)(liu)品官人監護,謚曰宜(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),禮也。夫(fu)(fu)人閻氏,即隨(sui)奉車(che)都(dou)(dou)尉、車(che)騎將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)才之(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)也。祖(zu)慶(qing)(qing)(qing),周(zhou)寧(ning)(ning)州(zhou)總管(guan)、上柱國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、大(da)(da)安(an)郡開(kai)(kai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),隨(sui)贈荊州(zhou)總管(guan)、司空公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),謚曰成(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。夫(fu)(fu)人四德(de)(de)(de)優閑,六(liu)(liu)(liu)行具舉(ju),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)茲(zi)(zi)令淑(shu),永言作(zuo)配。而風燭不留,逝川迅疾,舜(shun)華沉彩,夭桃落滋。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)業七(qi)年(nian)(nian)三(san)月十(shi)七(qi)日薨(hong)(hong)于(yu)(yu)岐(qi)州(zhou)郿縣(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)第,春秋卅。合巹之(zhi)(zhi)慶(qing)(qing)(qing),已對生前(qian);同穴之(zhi)(zhi)儀(yi),重(zhong)光身后(hou)。曰以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)貞觀(guan)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)歲次(ci)辛丑二(er)(er)月壬(ren)辰朔十(shi)一(yi)日壬(ren)寅(yin)合葬于(yu)(yu)雍州(zhou)長(chang)安(an)縣(xian)同樂(le)鄉(xiang)細柳之(zhi)(zhi)原。嗣子左(zuo)屯衛龍(long)泉府果(guo)毅都(dou)(dou)尉臨(lin)濟子英(ying)起、第二(er)(er)子右(you)衛高陵府果(guo)毅都(dou)(dou)尉神儼等跼天永慕,蹐地長(chang)號,思(si)(si)鞠(ju)養之(zhi)(zhi)恩(en)深,想微禽之(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)哺。憲德(de)(de)(de)音之(zhi)(zhi)泯(min)滅,冀(ji)芳(fang)風之(zhi)(zhi)有(you)裕。俳徊白(bai)(bai)鶴之(zhi)(zhi)墳,擗踴青(qing)鳥之(zhi)(zhi)墓(mu)。豐桓既勒,九原寧(ning)(ning)曙。其辭曰:軒丘著德(de)(de)(de),鼎壺誕(dan)圣。弈世(shi)重(zhong)光,天暉載暎。魏皇(huang)(huang)同軌,枝(zhi)分七(qi)姓。如松之(zhi)(zhi)茂(mao),如竹(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)勁(jing)。袞黼斯(si)(si)隆,簪裾日盛。惟祖(zu)惟父(fu),剋廣休命。伊公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)懋德(de)(de)(de),紹茲(zi)(zi)嘉慶(qing)(qing)(qing)。文兼書葉,武則(ze)佐時。三(san)邊是濟,一(yi)人所(suo)資。德(de)(de)(de)匡(kuang)誓牧,道(dao)(dao)贊(zan)升陑。素衣朱繡,服冕丹墀。六(liu)(liu)(liu)條斯(si)(si)總,千里寔司。永言賢配,維閻之(zhi)(zhi)姖(ju)。邽家(jia)既整,閨門以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治。舜(shun)華先落,瓊(qiong)枝(zhi)遽殞。令譽誰宣,德(de)(de)(de)音長(chang)泯(min)。慟感性旆,悲(bei)(bei)纏去蜃。白(bai)(bai)馬連(lian)鑣,素車(che)接軫。茫茫泉戶,郁(yu)郁(yu)佳城。白(bai)(bai)鶴之(zhi)(zhi)墓(mu),青(qing)松之(zhi)(zhi)塋。桑田有(you)變(bian),河水徒(tu)清(qing)。孝(xiao)思(si)(si)惟則(ze),永邵嘉聲。
墓志中的字,與歐(ou)陽詢(xun)晚年風格相(xiang)近,結(jie)體平正中見欹側,端莊中見靈(ling)動(dong),穿插避讓生(sheng)動(dong)自然。由(you)于接近小楷,筆畫(hua)相(xiang)當精致,刻(ke)工也相(xiang)當精到,由(you)于新鮮出土,保存完好(hao),忠(zhong)實還(huan)原(yuan)了一(yi)千年前的書寫風神。