《多寶(bao)(bao)塔碑(bei)》全稱(cheng)為(wei)《大唐(tang)(tang)西京千(qian)福寺多寶(bao)(bao)佛塔感應碑(bei)》,是唐(tang)(tang)天(tian)寶(bao)(bao)十(shi)一年(752年)由當時的文人岑勛撰文、書(shu)(shu)法(fa)家(jia)(jia)徐浩(hao)題額、書(shu)(shu)法(fa)家(jia)(jia)顏(yan)真(zhen)卿書(shu)(shu)丹、碑(bei)刻(ke)家(jia)(jia)史華刻(ke)石而成,是楷書(shu)(shu)書(shu)(shu)法(fa)作品。現今保存(cun)于西安碑(bei)林第二室。
此碑共三十(shi)四行,滿行六十(shi)六字,內(nei)容主(zhu)要記載了西(xi)京龍興寺禪(chan)師楚(chu)金創(chuang)建多(duo)(duo)(duo)寶塔之原委(wei)及修建經(jing)過(guo)。整(zheng)體(ti)秀美剛勁(jing),清爽宜人,有簡潔明快(kuai),字字珠(zhu)璣之感。用筆豐厚遒(qiu)美,腴潤沉穩;橫細豎粗,對(dui)比(bi)強烈;起筆多(duo)(duo)(duo)露鋒,收筆多(duo)(duo)(duo)回(hui)鋒,轉折多(duo)(duo)(duo)頓筆。結體(ti)嚴(yan)謹致密,緊湊規整(zheng),平(ping)穩勻稱,又(you)碑版精(jing)良,存(cun)字較多(duo)(duo)(duo),學(xue)顏體(ti)者(zhe)多(duo)(duo)(duo)從此碑下手,入(ru)其堂奧(ao)。
(碑額)大唐西(xi)京(jing)千福寺多寶佛(fo)塔感應碑文。
南陽岑勛撰。
朝(chao)議(yi)郎判(pan)尚書(shu)武(wu)部員外郎瑯邪顏(yan)真卿書(shu)。
朝散大夫(fu)檢(jian)校尚書都官郎中東海徐浩題額。
粵(yue)《妙法(fa)(fa)(fa)蓮華(hua)》,諸佛(fo)(fo)(fo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秘(mi)藏(zang)(zang)也(ye)(ye)(ye);多(duo)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)塔(ta)(ta)(ta),證經(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)踴現也(ye)(ye)(ye)。發明(ming)資(zi)乎十(shi)力,弘(hong)建(jian)在于(yu)(yu)(yu)四依(yi)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi),法(fa)(fa)(fa)號楚金(jin),姓程,廣平(ping)人也(ye)(ye)(ye)。祖(zu)、父并京著釋門(men)(men),慶(qing)歸(gui)法(fa)(fa)(fa)胤(yin)。母高氏,久而(er)(er)(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)妊,夜(ye)夢諸佛(fo)(fo)(fo),覺而(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)娠。是生龍象(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)征,無(wu)(wu)取熊羆(pi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兆。誕彌厥月(yue),炳然(ran)殊相(xiang)(xiang)。岐嶷絕于(yu)(yu)(yu)葷茹,齠齔(chen)不(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)童游。道(dao)樹萌芽,聳豫章(zhang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)楨干;禪(chan)(chan)池畎澮,涵巨海之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)波濤。年甫七歲,居然(ran)厭俗(su),自(zi)(zi)(zi)誓出家,禮藏(zang)(zang)探經(jing),《法(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)》在手。宿命潛悟,如(ru)(ru)(ru)識金(jin)環(huan);總(zong)(zong)持不(bu)(bu)遺,若注(zhu)瓶水(shui)。九歲落發,住西(xi)京龍興(xing)寺(si),從僧(seng)箓也(ye)(ye)(ye)。進(jin)具之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)年,升座(zuo)講法(fa)(fa)(fa)。頓收珍藏(zang)(zang),異窮(qiong)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疾走;直(zhi)詣寶(bao)(bao)(bao)山(shan),無(wu)(wu)化城而(er)(er)(er)(er)可息(xi)。爾(er)后(hou),因靜夜(ye)持誦(song)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《多(duo)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)品》,身心(xin)(xin)泊然(ran),如(ru)(ru)(ru)入禪(chan)(chan)定。忽(hu)見(jian)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta),宛在目前,釋迦分身,遍滿(man)空(kong)界(jie)(jie)(jie)。行(xing)(xing)(xing)勤圣現,業(ye)(ye)凈感深(shen)(shen),悲(bei)生悟中(zhong),淚下(xia)(xia)如(ru)(ru)(ru)雨。遂布衣一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)食,不(bu)(bu)出戶(hu)庭,期滿(man)六年,誓建(jian)茲塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。既(ji)而(er)(er)(er)(er)許王(wang)(wang)瓘(guan)及(ji)居士(shi)趙崇、信(xin)女普(pu)意,善來(lai)稽(ji)首,咸舍珍財。禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)輯莊(zhuang)嚴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)因,資(zi)爽塏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di),利(li)見(jian)千(qian)(qian)福,默議(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)。時(shi)千(qian)(qian)福有(you)(you)(you)(you)懷(huai)忍(ren)禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi),忽(hu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)夜(ye),見(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui),發源龍興(xing),流(liu)注(zhu)千(qian)(qian)福,清澄(cheng)泛滟,中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)方(fang)舟(zhou)(zhou)。又(you)見(jian)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)自(zi)(zi)(zi)空(kong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)下(xia)(xia),久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乃(nai)(nai)滅(mie),即(ji)(ji)今(jin)建(jian)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)處也(ye)(ye)(ye)。寺(si)內凈人名(ming)法(fa)(fa)(fa)相(xiang)(xiang),先于(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)地(di),復(fu)見(jian)燈光(guang)(guang),遠望則明(ming),近尋即(ji)(ji)滅(mie)。竊以(yi)(yi)水(shui)流(liu)開(kai)(kai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)性,舟(zhou)(zhou)泛表于(yu)(yu)(yu)慈航,塔(ta)(ta)(ta)現兆于(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)成(cheng),燈明(ming)示(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)無(wu)(wu)盡:非至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)精(jing)(jing)感,其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)孰能與于(yu)(yu)(yu)此?及(ji)禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)言,雜然(ran)歡愜(qie):負(fu)畚荷插,于(yu)(yu)(yu)橐于(yu)(yu)(yu)囊;登登憑憑,是板是筑(zhu)。灑以(yi)(yi)香(xiang)水(shui),隱以(yi)(yi)金(jin)錘。我(wo)(wo)能竭誠(cheng),工乃(nai)(nai)用壯。禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)每夜(ye)于(yu)(yu)(yu)筑(zhu)階所(suo),懇志誦(song)經(jing),勵精(jing)(jing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)道(dao)。眾(zhong)(zhong)聞天(tian)樂,咸嗅異香(xiang),喜嘆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音,圣凡相(xiang)(xiang)半。至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)元(yuan)載(zai),創構材木,肇安(an)相(xiang)(xiang)輪。禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)會佛(fo)(fo)(fo)心(xin)(xin),感通帝夢。七月(yue)十(shi)三(san)(san)日,敕(chi)內侍趙思偘求諸寶(bao)(bao)(bao)坊,驗以(yi)(yi)所(suo)夢。入寺(si)見(jian)塔(ta)(ta)(ta),禮問禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi),圣夢有(you)(you)(you)(you)孚,法(fa)(fa)(fa)名(ming)惟肖(xiao)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)日,賜(si)(si)錢(qian)五十(shi)萬(wan)、絹千(qian)(qian)匹,助建(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。則知精(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing),雖先天(tian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)違(wei);純如(ru)(ru)(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin),當后(hou)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)授記。昔漢明(ming)永(yong)平(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日,大化初流(liu);我(wo)(wo)皇天(tian)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)年,寶(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)斯建(jian)。同(tong)符(fu)千(qian)(qian)古,昭有(you)(you)(you)(you)烈光(guang)(guang)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)時(shi)道(dao)俗(su)景附,檀(tan)施(shi)山(shan)積,庀徒度(du)財,功(gong)百(bai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)倍矣。至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二載(zai),敕(chi)中(zhong)使(shi)楊(yang)順景宣(xuan)旨,令禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)花(hua)萼(e)樓下(xia)(xia)迎多(duo)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)額(e)。遂總(zong)(zong)僧(seng)事(shi)(shi)(shi),備法(fa)(fa)(fa)儀(yi)。宸眷俯臨,額(e)書下(xia)(xia)降(jiang),又(you)賜(si)(si)絹百(bai)匹。圣札飛毫,動云(yun)(yun)龍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣象(xiang)(xiang);天(tian)文(wen)(wen)掛塔(ta)(ta)(ta),駐(zhu)日月(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光(guang)(guang)輝(hui)。至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四載(zai),塔(ta)(ta)(ta)事(shi)(shi)(shi)將就,表請慶(qing)齋,歸(gui)功(gong)帝力。時(shi)僧(seng)道(dao)四部(bu),會逾(yu)萬(wan)人。有(you)(you)(you)(you)五色云(yun)(yun),團輔塔(ta)(ta)(ta)頂,眾(zhong)(zhong)盡瞻睹(du),莫不(bu)(bu)崩悅。大哉觀(guan)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光(guang)(guang)利(li),用賓于(yu)(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)王(wang)(wang)。禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)謂同(tong)學曰:鵬運滄溟,非云(yun)(yun)羅(luo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可頓;心(xin)(xin)游寂滅(mie),豈(qi)愛(ai)網之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能加(jia)?精(jing)(jing)進(jin)法(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men),菩薩以(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)強不(bu)(bu)息(xi),本期同(tong)行(xing)(xing)(xing),復(fu)遂宿心(xin)(xin)。鑿井見(jian)泥,去水(shui)不(bu)(bu)遠;鉆木未熱(re),得(de)火何階?凡我(wo)(wo)七僧(seng),聿懷(huai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)志,晝夜(ye)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)下(xia)(xia),誦(song)持《法(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)》。香(xiang)煙不(bu)(bu)斷,經(jing)聲遞續,炯(jiong)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)常,沒(mei)身不(bu)(bu)替(ti)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)三(san)(san)載(zai),每春秋二時(shi),集同(tong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)大德(de)四十(shi)九人,行(xing)(xing)(xing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)三(san)(san)昧。尋奉(feng)恩旨,許為(wei)(wei)恒式(shi)。前后(hou)道(dao)場所(suo)感舍利(li),凡三(san)(san)千(qian)(qian)七十(shi)粒(li);至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)六載(zai),欲葬舍利(li),預(yu)嚴道(dao)場,又(you)降(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)百(bai)八粒(li);畫普(pu)賢(xian)變,于(yu)(yu)(yu)筆(bi)鋒上(shang)(shang)(shang)聯得(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)九粒(li)。莫不(bu)(bu)圓(yuan)體自(zi)(zi)(zi)動,浮光(guang)(guang)瑩然(ran)。禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)我(wo)(wo)觀(guan)身,了空(kong)求法(fa)(fa)(fa),先刺(ci)血(xue)寫《法(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)經(jing)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)、《菩薩戒》一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)、《觀(guan)普(pu)賢(xian)行(xing)(xing)(xing)經(jing)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan),乃(nai)(nai)取舍利(li)三(san)(san)千(qian)(qian)粒(li),盛以(yi)(yi)石(shi)函,兼造(zao)自(zi)(zi)(zi)身石(shi)影,跪而(er)(er)(er)(er)戴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),同(tong)置塔(ta)(ta)(ta)下(xia)(xia),表至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)敬也(ye)(ye)(ye)。使(shi)夫舟(zhou)(zhou)遷夜(ye)壑,無(wu)(wu)變度(du)門(men)(men);劫算(suan)墨塵(chen),永(yong)垂貞范。又(you)奉(feng)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)及(ji)蒼(cang)生寫《妙法(fa)(fa)(fa)蓮華(hua)經(jing)》一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)部(bu)(金(jin)字三(san)(san)十(shi)六部(bu)),用鎮寶(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。又(you)寫一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)部(bu),散施(shi)受持。靈應既(ji)多(duo),具如(ru)(ru)(ru)本傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)載(zai)敕(chi)內侍吳懷(huai)實賜(si)(si)金(jin)銅香(xiang)爐(lu),高一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)丈五尺(chi),奉(feng)表陳(chen)謝(xie),手詔批云(yun)(yun):“師(shi)(shi)(shi)弘(hong)濟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愿(yuan),感達人天(tian);莊(zhuang)嚴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin),義(yi)成(cheng)因果。”則法(fa)(fa)(fa)施(shi)財施(shi),信(xin)所(suo)宜(yi)先也(ye)(ye)(ye)。主(zhu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)握(wo)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)靈符(fu),受如(ru)(ru)(ru)來(lai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)印,非禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)大慧超(chao)悟,無(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)感于(yu)(yu)(yu)宸衷,非主(zhu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣文(wen)(wen)明(ming),無(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)鑒于(yu)(yu)(yu)誠(cheng)愿(yuan)。倬(zhuo)彼(bi)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta),為(wei)(wei)章(zhang)梵(fan)宮。經(jing)始之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong),真僧(seng)是葺;克(ke)成(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye),圣主(zhu)斯崇。爾(er)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)狀也(ye)(ye)(ye),則岳聳蓮披,云(yun)(yun)垂蓋偃,下(xia)(xia)欻(hu)崛以(yi)(yi)踴地(di),上(shang)(shang)(shang)亭盈而(er)(er)(er)(er)媚空(kong),中(zhong)晻(an)晻(an)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)靜深(shen)(shen),旁(pang)赫赫以(yi)(yi)弘(hong)敞。碝磩承陛,瑯玕綷檻,玉(yu)瑱居楹,銀黃(huang)拂(fu)戶(hu),重檐疊于(yu)(yu)(yu)畫栱,反(fan)宇(yu)環(huan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)璧珰。坤靈赑屃以(yi)(yi)負(fu)砌,天(tian)祗儼雅(ya)而(er)(er)(er)(er)翊(yi)戶(hu)。或(huo)復(fu)肩(jian)挐(上(shang)(shang)(shang)為(wei)(wei)加(jia))摯鳥,肘擐修(xiu)(xiu)蛇,冠盤巨龍,帽抱猛獸(shou),勃如(ru)(ru)(ru)戰(zhan)色,有(you)(you)(you)(you)奭其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容。窮(qiong)繪事(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筆(bi)精(jing)(jing),選(xuan)朝(chao)英之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)偈贊。若乃(nai)(nai)開(kai)(kai)扃(jiong)鐍,窺(kui)奧(ao)秘(mi),二尊分座(zuo),疑對鷲山(shan),千(qian)(qian)帙發題,若觀(guan)龍藏(zang)(zang),金(jin)碧炅晃(huang),環(huan)佩葳蕤;至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)列三(san)(san)乘,分八部(bu),圣徒翕習,佛(fo)(fo)(fo)事(shi)(shi)(shi)森(sen)羅(luo)。方(fang)寸(cun)千(qian)(qian)名(ming),盈尺(chi)萬(wan)象(xiang)(xiang),大身現小(xiao),廣座(zuo)能卑;須(xu)彌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容,欻(hu)入芥子(zi),寶(bao)(bao)(bao)蓋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)狀,頓覆三(san)(san)千(qian)(qian)。昔衡岳思大禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)三(san)(san)昧傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)悟天(tian)臺智(zhi)者(zhe),爾(er)來(lai)寂寥,罕契真要。法(fa)(fa)(fa)不(bu)(bu)可以(yi)(yi)久廢,生我(wo)(wo)禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi),克(ke)嗣(si)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye),繼明(ming)二祖(zu),相(xiang)(xiang)望百(bai)年。夫其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教也(ye)(ye)(ye),開(kai)(kai)玄關(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)念,照圓(yuan)鏡于(yu)(yu)(yu)十(shi)方(fang),指陰界(jie)(jie)(jie)為(wei)(wei)妙門(men)(men),駈塵(chen)勞為(wei)(wei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)侶,聚沙能成(cheng)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)道(dao),合掌(zhang)已(yi)入圣流(liu)。三(san)(san)乘教門(men)(men),總(zong)(zong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)歸(gui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi);八萬(wan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)藏(zang)(zang),我(wo)(wo)為(wei)(wei)最雄。譬猶(you)滿(man)月(yue)麗天(tian),螢光(guang)(guang)列宿;山(shan)王(wang)(wang)映海,蟻(yi)垤群(qun)峰。嗟乎,三(san)(san)界(jie)(jie)(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沉寐久矣!佛(fo)(fo)(fo)以(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)為(wei)(wei)木鐸,惟我(wo)(wo)禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)超(chao)然(ran)深(shen)(shen)悟。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)貌(mao)也(ye)(ye)(ye),岳瀆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秀,冰雪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)姿,果唇貝齒,蓮目月(yue)面。望之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厲(li),即(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溫,睹(du)相(xiang)(xiang)未言,而(er)(er)(er)(er)降(jiang)伏(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)已(yi)過半矣。同(tong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)抱玉(yu)、飛錫,襲(xi)衡臺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秘(mi)躅,傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)止(zhi)觀(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)(jing)義(yi),或(huo)名(ming)高帝選(xuan),或(huo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)密眾(zhong)(zhong)師(shi)(shi)(shi),共弘(hong)開(kai)(kai)示(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宗,盡契圓(yuan)常之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。門(men)(men)人苾(bi)芻如(ru)(ru)(ru)巖、靈悟、凈真、真空(kong)、法(fa)(fa)(fa)濟等,以(yi)(yi)定慧為(wei)(wei)文(wen)(wen)質(zhi),以(yi)(yi)戒忍(ren)為(wei)(wei)剛柔,含(han)樸玉(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光(guang)(guang)輝(hui),等旃檀(tan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圍繞(rao)。夫發行(xing)(xing)(xing)者(zhe)因,因圓(yuan)則福廣;起因者(zhe)相(xiang)(xiang),相(xiang)(xiang)遣則慧深(shen)(shen)。求無(wu)(wu)為(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)為(wei)(wei),通解脫于(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)字,舉(ju)事(shi)(shi)(shi)徵理(li),含(han)毫強名(ming)。偈曰:
佛有妙法,比象蓮華。圓頓深入(ru),真(zhen)凈無瑕。慧(hui)通(tong)法界,福利恒(heng)沙。直至寶所(suo),俱(ju)乘大車。(其一(yi))
於戲上士,發行正勤。緬想寶塔(ta),思弘(hong)勝因。圓階已就,層覆(fu)初陳。乃昭(zhao)帝夢,福應天人。(其二)
輪奐(huan)斯崇,為(wei)章凈域。真僧草(cao)創,圣主增飾。中座耽耽,飛檐翼翼。薦臻靈感,歸我帝力。(其三)
念彼后學,心滯迷封。昏衢未曉,中道難逢。常驚夜杌,還(huan)懼真龍。不有禪伯,誰明大宗(zong)。(其四)
大海吞流,崇山納(na)壤(rang)。教(jiao)門(men)稱頓,慈力能(neng)廣。功起聚沙,德成合掌。開佛(fo)知見,法為無(wu)上。(其(qi)五)
情塵雖雜,性海無漏。定養圣(sheng)胎,染(ran)生迷鷇。斷常起縛,空(kong)色同謬(miu)。薝葡現(xian)前,馀香何(he)嗅(xiu)?(其六)
彤(tong)彤(tong)法(fa)宇,繄我四依。事該理暢(chang),玉(yu)粹金(jin)輝。慧(hui)鏡(jing)無垢,慈燈照微。空王(wang)可托,本愿同歸。(其(qi)七(qi))
天寶(bao)十一載,歲(sui)次壬(ren)辰,四月乙丑朔,廿二(er)日戊(wu)戌建。
敕檢(jian)校塔使(shi):正議(yi)大夫(fu)行(xing)內侍趙(zhao)思偘。判官:內府丞(cheng)車沖。檢(jian)校:僧(seng)義方。河南史華(hua)刻。
唐朝天寶年(nian)間,楚金禪(chan)師(shi)夜(ye)誦《法華經(jing)》時,仿佛有多(duo)(duo)寶佛塔(ta)呈(cheng)現(xian)眼前,他想把幻覺(jue)中的多(duo)(duo)寶佛塔(ta)變為現(xian)實,誓(shi)志(zhi)籌建。在修造期間,甚至出現(xian)了(le)(le)種種靈應和(he)神奇的事情(qing)。這份誠意感動(dong)了(le)(le)唐玄宗,于是賞賜錢帛(bo),并(bing)親題(ti)塔(ta)額。經(jing)過4年(nian)的努力,多(duo)(duo)寶佛塔(ta)終于在天寶十一年(nian)(752年(nian))建成。
而(er)時(shi)任武部員(yuan)外郎、44歲的(de)顏真卿被選中(zhong)來(lai)書寫(xie)碑(bei)文。顏真卿和當時(shi)的(de)大多數知識分子一樣是(shi)正統的(de)儒家(jia),但也(ye)信奉佛(fo)教,他的(de)書法風格(ge)直接“二王”、歐、虞(yu)、褚(chu)余風,而(er)又與唐人寫(xie)經有(you)明顯的(de)相似之(zhi)處。碑(bei)文的(de)作者(zhe)岑(cen)勛(xun),是(shi)詩人岑(cen)參的(de)從弟;題寫(xie)碑(bei)額的(de)徐(xu)浩,年長(chang)顏真卿6歲,是(shi)當時(shi)的(de)書法名家(jia),也(ye)是(shi)張(zhang)旭的(de)學生,這是(shi)他倆第一次合作書碑(bei);史華(hua)則是(shi)當時(shi)的(de)刻碑(bei)高(gao)手。
顏真卿(709年(nian)—784年(nian)),字清(qing)臣(chen),小名羨門(men)子(zi),別號應方(fang),京兆萬年(nian)(今陜西(xi)西(xi)安(an))人(ren),唐(tang)代名臣(chen)、書(shu)法家(jia)。開元二(er)十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(734年(nian)),登(deng)進(jin)士第,歷任監察御史、殿中侍御史。官至吏部尚(shang)書(shu)、太子(zi)太師,封魯(lu)郡(jun)公,人(ren)稱(cheng)(cheng)“顏魯(lu)公”。與(yu)趙孟(meng)頫、柳(liu)公權(quan)、歐陽詢并(bing)稱(cheng)(cheng)為“楷書(shu)四大家(jia)”。又與(yu)柳(liu)公權(quan)并(bing)稱(cheng)(cheng)“顏柳(liu)”,被(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)為“顏筋柳(liu)骨(gu)”。代表作品(pin)有《多寶塔碑(bei)》《顏勤(qin)禮碑(bei)》《祭侄文稿》等。
該碑(bei)用(yong)筆多中(zhong)鋒(feng)(feng),起(qi)筆和(he)收筆有明顯的(de)(de)頓(dun)按。起(qi)筆藏鋒(feng)(feng)為(wei)主(zhu),兼用(yong)露鋒(feng)(feng),方(fang)圓(yuan)并用(yong)。有些橫畫(hua)起(qi)筆較(jiao)為(wei)外露,不同(tong)于柳體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)齊頭(tou)方(fang)腳,而是稍(shao)存斜尖,并參以(yi)含蓄(xu)的(de)(de)筆意使之變化豐富;收筆用(yong)頓(dun)筆和(he)回(hui)鋒(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)較(jiao)多,強調“護尾”,尤其于橫畫(hua)中(zhong)最為(wei)明顯,寫橫行至收筆處(chu),常(chang)向(xiang)右(you)下方(fang)重按,頓(dun)筆回(hui)鋒(feng)(feng),體(ti)(ti)現出(chu)顏(yan)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)雄渾(hun)、大氣(qi)之韻,豎畫(hua)粗壯(zhuang),渾(hun)厚力強。橫、豎筆畫(hua)粗細對比(bi)鮮(xian)明,富節(jie)奏、韻律(lv)美感(gan),也把(ba)顏(yan)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)一個“筋”的(de)(de)意味(wei)完(wan)整地表達(da)出(chu)來。
顏體(ti)撇(pie)畫較(jiao)輕盈挺(ting)健,捺畫卻粗壯有(you)力,有(you)“蠶頭燕尾”之(zhi)稱,給人以剛健的動(dong)感(gan),尤其是捺腳較(jiao)長,頓(dun)挫后踢(ti)出(chu)開衩,含蓄(xu)而又有(you)峻(jun)利(li)之(zhi)感(gan)。另外(wai),顏體(ti)捺畫的捺腳多與撇(pie)畫鋒(feng)尖持平(ping)或稍低,不(bu)似(si)柳(liu)體(ti)的撇(pie)低捺高,而呈現出(chu)一種舒展沉穩之(zhi)美。《多寶塔碑》轉折變(bian)化較(jiao)多,主要有(you)提(ti)聳(song)肩頓(dun)挫和(he)按筆削(xue)肩暗轉之(zhi)法,有(you)方(fang)(fang)有(you)圓(yuan),方(fang)(fang)圓(yuan)兼施。該碑具有(you)唐楷“尚法”的典(dian)型特征,結體(ti)寬博,布白較(jiao)勻整(zheng),字型稍方(fang)(fang),端莊(zhuang)平(ping)穩,正氣飽滿,已初顯顏體(ti)成熟期正面示人、雄渾豪邁的書風。
《多(duo)寶塔碑》整(zheng)篇結構(gou)嚴密(mi),字(zi)(zi)行(xing)間有(you)(you)烏絲欄界(jie)格(ge),其結體寬博(bo),布(bu)白(bai)較勻(yun)整(zheng),字(zi)(zi)型稍方(fang),端(duan)莊平穩,正氣飽滿(man),布(bu)勢(shi)(shi)均(jun)勻(yun),四(si)周撐滿(man),故氣勢(shi)(shi)雄(xiong)(xiong)偉,這(zhe)是“顏體”佛書(shu)的又一特色。顏真卿的結體,用(yong)的是“外拓(tuo)(tuo)”筆法,字(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)方(fang)正,撇(pie)捺竭力(li)向(xiang)左右(you)拓(tuo)(tuo)展,氣勢(shi)(shi)博(bo)大恢(hui)弘。無論(lun)獨(du)體字(zi)(zi),還是合體字(zi)(zi),都以中心軸線(xian)為重心,在結構(gou)處理上,既講究規矩,又生動活潑。在楷(kai)書(shu)史上還沒有(you)(you)一個人有(you)(you)過這(zhe)樣的結體方(fang)式,尤其是捺腳,重拙而不(bu)作(zuo)波曳(ye)之狀,線(xian)條(tiao)澀重雄(xiong)(xiong)強,氣概非凡。
《多(duo)寶塔(ta)碑》的章法之美:整幅作(zuo)品縱橫整齊(qi)。從(cong)縱看,字(zi)的中心(xin)在中軸線上;字(zi)的大小(xiao)配(pei)合得當。整體雄(xiong)偉(wei)恢弘,實(shi)也秀媚多(duo)姿。
明代學者(zhe)孫鑛《書畫跋(ba)》:“此(ci)是(shi)魯公最勻穩書,亦(yi)盡秀媚多姿(zi),第微帶俗,正是(shi)近世掾史家鼻祖。”
明(ming)代戲曲理論家何良俊《四友(you)齋書(shu)論》:“正所謂世下最傳者,蓋(gai)魯公書(shu)妙在險勁,而此書(shu)太整齊,失之板(ban)耳。”
現(xian)代書(shu)法(fa)家歐陽中石(shi):“它是顏(yan)碑中最講(jiang)用筆,法(fa)度最為細密嚴謹的一部。”
陜(shan)西師范大學歷史(shi)文化(hua)學院教(jiao)授張(zhang)懋镕:“整(zheng)篇(pian)結構嚴密,點畫圓整(zheng),端莊而不(bu)呆板。”
《多(duo)寶(bao)塔碑(bei)(bei)》蘊含了“二王”和初唐以來(lai)書(shu)家(jia)的(de)風流,歷(li)來(lai)為書(shu)家(jia)珍重(zhong)。它是(shi)唐代(dai)“尚法(fa)”的(de)代(dai)表(biao)碑(bei)(bei)刻(ke)之一,學顏體者多(duo)從此碑(bei)(bei)下(xia)手,入(ru)其(qi)堂奧。學子描紅、士子舉業、居士寫經(jing)、坊間(jian)印書(shu),競相仿效。至今仍是(shi)適用(yong)非常廣、影(ying)響十(shi)分巨大的(de)書(shu)法(fa)作品(pin)。
顏真卿傳(chuan)世書碑(bei)之(zhi)作(zuo)中,《多(duo)寶塔(ta)(ta)碑(bei)》所(suo)蘊文(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)價值是(shi)非常大的。其一(yi)(yi),此(ci)碑(bei)書寫厚(hou)重(zhong),石料堅硬細膩(ni),加(jia)上運用(yong)了直刀(dao)深(shen)刻法進行鐫刻,因而(er)歷(li)經1000多(duo)年(nian)的錘拓(tuo)仍完好如初,字(zi)口(kou)清晰,神采(cai)奕奕。除康(kang)熙年(nian)間碑(bei)石斷裂損泐二十字(zi)之(zhi)外,無缺文(wen)(wen)(wen)、疑字(zi),這對賞鑒顏書、校考(kao)碑(bei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)、考(kao)辨(bian)各(ge)代拓(tuo)本流傳(chuan)都甚為有利。其二,碑(bei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)撰者(zhe)岑勛、多(duo)寶塔(ta)(ta)出資助(zhu)修者(zhe)許(xu)王瓘,檢(jian)閱史籍后考(kao)得生平事(shi)跡一(yi)(yi)二,或可補(bu)史志未(wei)載。其三,碑(bei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)所(suo)記禪師楚金事(shi)可與同門僧人飛錫(xi)撰《楚金禪師碑(bei)》及(ji)佛教文(wen)(wen)(wen)獻(xian)(xian)互(hu)參校考(kao)。其四,多(duo)寶塔(ta)(ta)碑(bei)敘記之(zhi)事(shi)多(duo)有虛誕,但基(ji)于唐(tang)玄宗時佛教發(fa)展(zhan)達(da)于極盛(sheng),伽藍之(zhi)數較唐(tang)初幾增一(yi)(yi)倍的史實(shi),反觀此(ci)碑(bei)言及(ji),亦無疑是(shi)對當時“抑而(er)不毀”的佛教之(zhi)況(kuang)、政教關系(xi)的一(yi)(yi)種反映(ying)。
《多寶塔(ta)碑(bei)(bei)》,唐(tang)天寶十一年(752年)四月二十二日(ri)刻立。碑(bei)(bei)原在(zai)長(chang)安(an)(an)城安(an)(an)定坊千佛(fo)寺,北(bei)宋初移入文廟(miao),后又移至西(xi)安(an)(an)碑(bei)(bei)林。
清(qing)康熙年間,此(ci)碑(bei)左側近中部處(chu),即三(san)十一(yi)行至三(san)十四(si)行(最末四(si)行)泐去半圓(yuan)形(xing)一(yi)大塊,泐二十字。故凡(fan)此(ci)處(chu)碑(bei)字不損者,必為清(qing)初拓本。