【保(bao)險公司會(hui)倒閉嗎】保(bao)險公司會(hui)不會(hui)破(po)產(chan)保(bao)險公司破(po)產(chan)的影響
保險公司會不會破產
保險公司是可以倒閉的,按照《保險法》第90條,“保險公司或者其債權人可以依法向人民法院申請重整、和解或者破產清算;國務院保險監督(du)管(guan)理機構也可以依法(fa)向人民法(fa)院申請對該(gai)保險公司進行重(zhong)整或者破產清算。”
但是,從1980年恢復保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)業(ye)務以來(lai),我(wo)國尚(shang)無一(yi)家(jia)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司倒閉。而且,對(dui)于(yu)大(da)家(jia)關注最多的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)壽(shou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)合(he)同(tong)(tong)來(lai),根據(ju)《保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)法(fa)》第88條(tiao)的(de)(de)規定:”經營(ying)有(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)壽(shou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)業(ye)務的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司被(bei)依(yi)法(fa)撤銷的(de)(de)或者被(bei)依(yi)法(fa)宣告(gao)破(po)(po)產的(de)(de),其持有(you)(you)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)壽(shou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)合(he)同(tong)(tong)及(ji)準備金,必須轉移給其他(ta)經營(ying)有(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)壽(shou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)業(ye)務的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司;不(bu)能同(tong)(tong)其他(ta)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司達成(cheng)轉讓協議的(de)(de),由保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)監督(du)管理機構指定經營(ying)有(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)壽(shou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)業(ye)務的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司接(jie)受。并且在此過程中,應當維護(hu)被(bei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)、受益人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)合(he)法(fa)權益。“。也就是說就是壽(shou)險(xian)公(gong)司即(ji)便破(po)(po)產,也要有(you)(you)“接(jie)盤俠(xia)”。“接(jie)盤俠(xia)”要維護(hu)現有(you)(you)客(ke)戶(hu)的(de)(de)合(he)法(fa)權益。
保險公司破產清償流程
①所欠職工工資和勞動保險費用;
②賠償或者給付保險金;
③所欠稅款;
④清償公司債務。破產(chan)財產(chan)不(bu)足清償同一順序清償要求的,按照比例分配。
保險公司破產的影響
1、負面效應
保險業受到高度的監管,因此公眾往往預期保險公司不會破產。然而現實并非如此,英國每年大約有0.5%的保險公司破產,其中1992年達到了2%;90年代以來美國保險公司破產比率日趨上升,每年大約有0.5%到1%的保險公司破產。2001年HIH保險集團被宣告破產,并成為澳大利亞歷史上最大的破產案之一;1997年日產生命保險的破產宣告了日本保險業“不倒神話”的破滅,并引發了一連串動蕩,東邦生命保險、第一火災海上保險、第百生命保險、千代田生命保險、協榮生命保險等保險機構相繼破產。毋庸置疑,社會所關注的并不僅僅是保險公(gong)(gong)司(si)破(po)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)頻率,而是(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)破(po)產(chan)(chan)所(suo)造成的(de)(de)影響。保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)業的(de)(de)興(xing)衰關系到社會公(gong)(gong)眾的(de)(de)利益(yi),因此當保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)發生破(po)產(chan)(chan)時,無論對于個人、組織或社會均將造成重大影響。這(zhe)正是(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)破(po)產(chan)(chan)特殊性之所(suo)在,保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)破(po)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)宏觀影響包括對保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)業的(de)(de)影響和國民(min)經濟的(de)(de)影響兩(liang)個層面。
2、對于(yu)保險業(ye)的影(ying)響
保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公司破產會(hui)造成投保(bao)(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)和(he)被保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)恐慌(huang)(huang)。在(zai)經濟學中,不管(guan)恐慌(huang)(huang)是(shi)如(ru)何(he)發(fa)生的(de)(de)(de),它一(yi)旦(dan)發(fa)生,馬上就有一(yi)種自我(wo)證(zheng)明(ming)機制,因為(wei)恐慌(huang)(huang)可(ke)以證(zheng)明(ming)其合理(li)性。投保(bao)(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)和(he)被保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)這種恐慌(huang)(huang)首先表現(xian)為(wei)一(yi)旦(dan)他們(men)預(yu)期(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公司將要破產,那(nei)么就有可(ke)能引發(fa)“退保(bao)(bao)(bao)潮(chao)”。即使投保(bao)(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公司破產后(hou)能夠收回未到(dao)期(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)費或現(xian)金價(jia)值,但是(shi)為(wei)了避免深陷漫長的(de)(de)(de)破產程序,他們(men)也會(hui)選擇退保(bao)(bao)(bao)。
3、對于國民經濟的影響
國外學者普遍認為不應當把保險僅僅視為(wei)通過保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)基金(jin)的(de)運作(zuo)填補損害的(de)轉移機(ji)制(zhi),除該項功(gong)能外(wai),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)還從(cong)(cong)以(yi)(yi)下六個(ge)方面(mian)服務于經(jing)濟繁榮(rong):保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)增強金(jin)融的(de)穩定;保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)替代和(he)補充社會保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障;保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)商業(ye)貿易(yi)提供(gong)便(bian)利;保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)促成更為(wei)有(you)效的(de)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)理;保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)鼓勵防災(zai)減損;保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)推動有(you)效的(de)資金(jin)配置(zhi)與之類似,我(wo)國學者大多把(ba)現代保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)功(gong)能歸納為(wei)三類:經(jing)濟補償、資金(jin)融通和(he)社會管(guan)理。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)經(jing)濟補償功(gong)能體現在保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制(zhi)度依(yi)靠大數(shu)法則和(he)數(shu)理統計從(cong)(cong)而達(da)到“人(ren)人(ren)為(wei)我(wo),我(wo)為(wei)人(ren)人(ren)”的(de)互(hu)濟互(hu)助。