【保險公司會(hui)倒閉嗎】保險公司會(hui)不(bu)會(hui)破(po)產保險公司破(po)產的影響
保險公司會不會破產
保險公司是可以倒閉的,按照《保險法》第90條,“保險公司或者其債權人可以依法向人民法院申請重整、和解或者破產清算;國務院保險監督管理機(ji)構也可以依法向(xiang)人(ren)民法院申請對該保險公司進(jin)行重整(zheng)或者破產清算。”
但是(shi),從(cong)1980年恢復保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業務以來,我國尚(shang)無一家保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)倒閉(bi)。而且,對于大家關注最多的(de)人(ren)(ren)壽(shou)(shou)保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)同(tong)來,根據《保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)》第88條的(de)規定(ding):”經營(ying)(ying)有(you)人(ren)(ren)壽(shou)(shou)保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業務的(de)保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)被(bei)依法(fa)(fa)撤銷的(de)或者被(bei)依法(fa)(fa)宣告破產的(de),其持有(you)的(de)人(ren)(ren)壽(shou)(shou)保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)同(tong)及準備金,必須轉移給其他經營(ying)(ying)有(you)人(ren)(ren)壽(shou)(shou)保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業務的(de)保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si);不能同(tong)其他保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)達成轉讓(rang)協(xie)議的(de),由(you)保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)督管理機構指(zhi)定(ding)經營(ying)(ying)有(you)人(ren)(ren)壽(shou)(shou)保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業務的(de)保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)接受。并且在此過程中,應當維(wei)護被(bei)保險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)、受益人(ren)(ren)的(de)合(he)法(fa)(fa)權益。“。也就是(shi)說就是(shi)壽(shou)(shou)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)即便破產,也要(yao)有(you)“接盤(pan)俠”。“接盤(pan)俠”要(yao)維(wei)護現有(you)客戶的(de)合(he)法(fa)(fa)權益。
保險公司破產清償流程
①所欠職工工資和勞動保(bao)險費用;
②賠償或者給付保險金;
③所欠稅款;
④清(qing)償公(gong)司債務。破產(chan)財產(chan)不足清(qing)償同一順序清(qing)償要求的,按照(zhao)比例分配。
保險公司破產的影響
1、負面效應
保險業受到高度的監管,因此公眾往往預期保險公司不會破產。然而現實并非如此,英國每年大約有0.5%的保險公司破產,其中1992年達到了2%;90年代以來美國保險公司破產比率日趨上升,每年大約有0.5%到1%的保險公司破產。2001年HIH保險集團被宣告破產,并成為澳大利亞歷史上最大的破產案之一;1997年日產生命保險的破產宣告了日本保險業“不倒神話”的破滅,并引發了一連串動蕩,東邦生命保險、第一火災海上保險、第百生命保險、千代田生命保險、協榮生命保險等保險機構相繼破產。毋庸置疑,社會所關注的并不僅僅是保險公(gong)(gong)司(si)破(po)(po)產的頻(pin)率,而(er)是保(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)破(po)(po)產所造成的影(ying)響(xiang)。保(bao)(bao)險(xian)業的興衰關系到社(she)會公(gong)(gong)眾的利益,因此當(dang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)發生破(po)(po)產時,無論對(dui)于個人、組織或社(she)會均將造成重大影(ying)響(xiang)。這(zhe)正(zheng)是保(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)破(po)(po)產特殊(shu)性之所在,保(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)破(po)(po)產的宏觀影(ying)響(xiang)包(bao)括對(dui)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)業的影(ying)響(xiang)和(he)國民(min)經濟的影(ying)響(xiang)兩(liang)個層面。
2、對于保險(xian)業(ye)的(de)影(ying)響
保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險公司破(po)產會造成投(tou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)人(ren)和(he)被保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險人(ren)的(de)恐慌。在經濟學中,不管恐慌是如何發生的(de),它一(yi)旦發生,馬上就有(you)一(yi)種自我證明(ming)機制,因為(wei)恐慌可以證明(ming)其合理(li)性(xing)。投(tou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)人(ren)和(he)被保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險人(ren)的(de)這種恐慌首先(xian)表(biao)現為(wei)一(yi)旦他們預期(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險公司將要破(po)產,那么(me)就有(you)可能(neng)引(yin)發“退保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)潮”。即使投(tou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)人(ren)在保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險公司破(po)產后能(neng)夠收回未到期(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)費或現金價(jia)值,但是為(wei)了避(bi)免深陷漫長的(de)破(po)產程序,他們也會選(xuan)擇(ze)退保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。
3、對(dui)于國民(min)經(jing)濟的影(ying)響
國外學者普遍認為不應當把保險僅僅視為(wei)(wei)(wei)通(tong)過保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)基金的運作填補損害(hai)的轉移(yi)機制(zhi),除該項(xiang)功能(neng)外,保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)還從以下六個方面服務于(yu)經濟繁榮:保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以增強(qiang)金融的穩(wen)定;保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以替(ti)代和補充社會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障;保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以為(wei)(wei)(wei)商業(ye)貿易(yi)提供便利;保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以促成更(geng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)有效(xiao)的風險(xian)(xian)管理(li);保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以鼓勵防災減(jian)損;保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)以推動有效(xiao)的資(zi)(zi)金配(pei)置與之(zhi)類似(si),我國(guo)學者大多把現代保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)的功能(neng)歸納為(wei)(wei)(wei)三類:經濟補償、資(zi)(zi)金融通(tong)和社會(hui)管理(li)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)的經濟補償功能(neng)體(ti)現在保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)制(zhi)度依靠大數法則和數理(li)統計從而達到(dao)“人人為(wei)(wei)(wei)我,我為(wei)(wei)(wei)人人”的互濟互助。