【鉛酸蓄電池充電器】鉛酸蓄電池充電器電路圖 鉛酸蓄電池充電器原理

因為密封鉛酸蓄電池的諸多優點，因此獲得了廣泛應用。然而密封鉛酸蓄電池的充電技術似乎不被看重，因充電方式不合理而造成電池過(guo)早報廢的情(qing)況普(pu)遍存在。

鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器電(dian)(dian)路圖

充電原理分析：

1.維護充電：

當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較(jiao)低時（可設定，本電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)預設在9V以下(xia)），充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器工作(zuo)在小電(dian)(dian)(dian)流維護充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態下(xia)，工作(zuo)原理為U1C⑨腳(jiao)（同相端(duan)(duan)）電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)低于(yu)⑧腳(jiao)（反相端(duan)(duan)），U1C輸(shu)出(chu)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)，T4截止。U1D 11腳(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)約0.18V。此(ci)時充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流約250mA（恒(heng)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)由R14，U1D，T1B周邊外圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)構成，恒(heng)流原理讀者請自行分析）。

2.快速充電：

隨(sui)著維護充電(dian)繼續，電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓逐漸(jian)升高，當電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓超過9V時，充電(dian)器轉(zhuan)入大電(dian)流(liu)(liu)快充模式下，U1C⑨腳(jiao)（同相端）電(dian)位高于⑧腳(jiao)（反相端），U1C輸(shu)出(chu)高電(dian)位，T4導通，U1D 11腳(jiao)電(dian)位約(yue)(yue)為(wei)0.48V，充電(dian)器恒定輸(shu)出(chu)約(yue)(yue)1A電(dian)流(liu)(liu)給電(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)。

3.限壓浮充：

當電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)接近充(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器自動轉入限壓(ya)浮充(chong)狀(zhuang)態下(限壓(ya)浮充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)設定(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)13.8V，如為(wei)(wei)6V蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，則浮充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)應設定(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)6.9V)，此時(shi)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流會由快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態下逐(zhu)漸下降(jiang)，至電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)完全(quan)充(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)后，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流僅為(wei)(wei)10～30mA，用以補充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)因自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)而(er)損失的電(dian)(dian)(dian)量。

4.保護及充電指示電路：

本電(dian)(dian)路設有反極(ji)性保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)路，由(you)D4，U1C，U1D，T1及外圍元件(jian)構(gou)成(cheng)，當電(dian)(dian)池(chi)反接時，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器限(xian)制輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)流不致(zhi)發(fa)生事故。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)指(zhi)示由(you)U1A，D7及外圍元件(jian)構(gou)成(cheng)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時，D7點(dian)亮，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器進入浮充(chong)狀態后，D7熄滅，表示充(chong)電(dian)(dian)結束。

5.本(ben)電(dian)路(lu)略為(wei)修改電(dian)路(lu)參數(shu)即(ji)可任意調整充電(dian)電(dian)流，浮充電(dian)壓以滿足不同規格電(dian)池的需要。

6.物料清單如下

注：CF=碳(tan)膜(mo)電阻(zu)；MF=金屬膜(mo)電阻(zu)；M.O.F=金屬氧化膜(mo)電阻(zu)

*表示可(ke)根(gen)據需要(yao)調(diao)整的(de)元件。

7.實測充電器(qi)的充電曲線如(ru)下圖。

鉛酸蓄電池充電器參數解讀>>