【調溫(wen)(wen)電烙(luo)鐵(tie)】可調恒溫(wen)(wen)電烙(luo)鐵(tie)電路圖 恒溫(wen)(wen)電烙(luo)鐵(tie)原理

本(ben)文(wen)為(wei)大(da)家講解恒溫(wen)(wen)電(dian)(dian)烙鐵的工作(zuo)原(yuan)理是怎么樣(yang)的？同時分享給大(da)家自制恒溫(wen)(wen)電(dian)(dian)烙鐵的電(dian)(dian)路(lu)圖(tu)。本(ben)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)圖(tu)采(cai)用的是熱電(dian)(dian)偶傳(chuan)(chuan)感器，控溫(wen)(wen)精度高達±５％，控制電(dian)(dian)路(lu)采(cai)用的是交(jiao)(jiao)流市(shi)電(dian)(dian)直(zhi)接降壓(ya)、濾波、穩(wen)壓(ya)供電(dian)(dian)方案，大(da)家可以借(jie)鑒。如圖(tu)所示。該(gai)電(dian)(dian)烙鐵控溫(wen)(wen)范圍是１００℃～４００℃，調溫(wen)(wen)標(biao)志(zhi)標(biao)明低、中(zhong)、高位，控溫(wen)(wen)精度標(biao)稱±５％，采(cai)用了(le)熱電(dian)(dian)偶傳(chuan)(chuan)感器。控制電(dian)(dian)路(lu)采(cai)用了(le)交(jiao)(jiao)流市(shi)電(dian)(dian)直(zhi)接降壓(ya)、濾波、穩(wen)壓(ya)供電(dian)(dian)方案。

市電ＡＣ２２０Ｖ經Ｒ１降壓、Ｄ１半波整流、Ｄ２削波穩壓、Ｃ１濾波后作為比較器件ＩＣ的電源電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓及調溫設定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓源。ＩＣ－Ａ③腳(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)檢(jian)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)端(duan)(duan)（與(yu)溫度(du)值對(dui)應）；②腳(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)調溫設定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。在(zai)②、③腳(jiao)(jiao)兩端(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓比(bi)較后，由(you)(you)①腳(jiao)(jiao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)。其中Ｒ５的作用(yong)是(shi)將輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)的很少一部分反(fan)饋至同相(xiang)(xiang)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)端(duan)(duan)③腳(jiao)(jiao)，以使在(zai)小信號波動時(shi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)鎖定(ding)不變。當熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)檢(jian)到(dao)溫度(du)偏(pian)低時(shi)；③腳(jiao)(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)平相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)②腳(jiao)(jiao)低，使輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)①腳(jiao)(jiao)也低。進而(er)使ＩＣ－Ｂ放大器⑥腳(jiao)(jiao)相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)于固定(ding)偏(pian)置(zhi)的⑤腳(jiao)(jiao)偏(pian)低，使輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)⑦腳(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)高。由(you)(you)于ＩＣ－Ｂ⑤腳(jiao)(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)由(you)(you)ＡＣ２２０Ｖ經Ｒ６、Ｒ７分壓而(er)得，因而(er)，頻率、相(xiang)(xiang)位完(wan)全與(yu)ＡＣ２２０Ｖ相(xiang)(xiang)同。與(yu)⑥腳(jiao)(jiao)直流(liu)比(bi)較后在(zai)⑦腳(jiao)(jiao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。該交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓經Ｃ２、Ｄ４、Ｄ３和Ｄ４反(fan)向(xiang)并聯（作用(yong)同雙向(xiang)二極管）觸發雙向(xiang)可(ke)控硅，使相(xiang)(xiang)應的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓加(jia)到(dao)烙鐵電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱絲上(shang)，以達到(dao)恒溫的目的。

第一次

烙鐵(tie)芯燒了，但(dan)是(shi)熱(re)電(dian)偶是(shi)好(hao)的，所(suo)以買了個30瓦的烙鐵(tie)芯，將熱(re)電(dian)偶放在烙鐵(tie)芯后邊，照(zhao)常使用。

第二次

熱電(dian)(dian)偶(ou)壞(huai)了(le)(le)，看原電(dian)(dian)路，就花一塊錢買了(le)(le)個具有負溫度系數的電(dian)(dian)阻，取代熱電(dian)(dian)偶(ou)，同樣使用(yong)了(le)(le)很長時間。

第三次

看到現在賣帶熱電偶的烙(luo)鐵(tie)芯，感覺不是(shi)很貴（4塊錢一個(ge)），原烙(luo)鐵(tie)頭(tou)使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)間(jian)過久，該換了，于是(shi)買了個(ge)40瓦的烙(luo)鐵(tie)芯和(he)一個(ge)烙(luo)鐵(tie)頭(tou)，利用(yong)原來的烙(luo)鐵(tie)手柄(bing)，按照如下電路(lu)，重新DIY了一個(ge)，使(shi)用(yong)半(ban)年了，效果也不錯。預(yu)熱時(shi)間(jian)稍長，將近(jin)2分(fen)鐘。

實物圖，用手頭已有的(de)原件(jian)做的(de)。