一、電子陶瓷是絕緣體還是導體

一(yi)般認(ren)為(wei)，陶瓷(ci)是良好的絕緣體(ti)(ti)，它一(yi)般不導(dao)(dao)電(dian)，因為(wei)原子(zi)的外層電(dian)子(zi)通常受到(dao)原子(zi)核的吸引力，被束縛在(zai)各自(zi)原子(zi)的周圍，不能自(zi)由運動，不過電(dian)子(zi)陶瓷(ci)具有極為(wei)寬廣(guang)的電(dian)氣特性，從一(yi)般的絕緣體(ti)(ti)，到(dao)半導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)，導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)、甚至超導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)，都有不同的電(dian)子(zi)陶瓷(ci)產品(pin)。

電(dian)子陶(tao)(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)的種類眾(zhong)多(duo)，其中絕緣陶(tao)(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)裝置瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)和介(jie)電(dian)陶(tao)(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)是絕緣體，半導體陶(tao)(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)是半導體，離子陶(tao)(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)是導體，還有一種超(chao)導陶(tao)(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)屬(shu)于超(chao)導體。

二、電子陶瓷導電原理是什么

電子陶瓷有的導電，有的不導電，導電的電子陶瓷一般是通過一定的工藝處(chu)理，使其具有導電(dian)功能的。

某些氧化物陶(tao)瓷加熱時，處于原(yuan)子外層的電(dian)子可(ke)以(yi)獲得足夠的能量，以(yi)便克服原(yuan)子核對它(ta)的吸引力(li)，而成為可(ke)以(yi)自由運(yun)動的自由電(dian)子，這種(zhong)陶(tao)瓷就(jiu)變成導(dao)電(dian)陶(tao)瓷。

一(yi)般當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流通過材料時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子可以有兩種方(fang)式通過晶格運動(dong)來完(wan)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)輸運過程：①電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子脫離(li)原(yuan)子成(cheng)為自由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子，在晶格中運動(dong)，形成(cheng)所謂(wei)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；②電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子與原(yuan)子核一(yi)起移(yi)動(dong)產生(sheng)所謂(wei)的(de)離(li)子導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。對金屬來說，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)其導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)主要(yao)方(fang)式，相比(bi)之下，離(li)子導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)幾乎(hu)可忽略不(bu)計；但對于(yu)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子陶瓷(ci)來說，由于(yu)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導活化(hua)能比(bi)較低（一(yi)般在0.5eV以下），離(li)子導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)已不(bu)容忽視，是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子陶瓷(ci)的(de)主要(yao)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式。