紅景天的生長特性
首先我們需要了解的是紅景天的基本特征有什么,這樣才能對紅景天有直觀的認識,起碼不會購買到假冒的紅景天。紅景天為多年生草木或灌木植物,生長在海拔800——2500米高寒無污染地帶的珍稀野生植(zhi)物。高10-20厘米。根(gen)(gen)粗(cu)壯,圓(yuan)(yuan)錐(zhui)形(xing),肉質(zhi),褐黃色(se),根(gen)(gen)頸部(bu)具多(duo)數須根(gen)(gen)。根(gen)(gen)莖(jing)短,粗(cu)狀,圓(yuan)(yuan)柱形(xing),被多(duo)數覆瓦(wa)狀排列(lie)的(de)鱗片(pian)狀的(de)葉。從莖(jing)頂端(duan)之葉腋抽出數條花莖(jing),花莖(jing)上下(xia)部(bu)均有肉質(zhi)葉,葉片(pian)橢(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing),邊(bian)緣具鋸齒(chi),先(xian)端(duan)尖銳,基部(bu)楔(xie)形(xing),幾無柄(bing)。聚傘花序頂生,花紅色(se)。7-9月采(cai)收(shou)。
紅景天怎么鑒別真假
紅(hong)景天的鑒(jian)別(bie)方法很(hen)多(duo),有性狀(zhuang)鑒(jian)別(bie)、顯微鑒(jian)別(bie)、色(se)譜鑒(jian)別(bie)和分子生物(wu)技術,下面為(wei)大家介(jie)紹一下紅(hong)景天的性狀(zhuang)鑒(jian)別(bie):
紅景天(tian)是(shi)景天(tian)科多年生草木(mu)或灌木(mu)植物,生長(chang)在(zai)海拔800-2500米高寒無(wu)污染(ran)地帶的珍稀(xi)野生植物。高10-20厘米。已確認(ren)的(de)紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)超過二(er)百(bai)個品(pin)種(zhong),當中大約二(er)十多種(zhong)為亞洲傳統醫學的(de)常用藥,例如小花(hua)紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)、大花(hua)紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)、薔薇紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)、圣(sheng)地紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)等。那么,哪種(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)最好?
在紅景天那么多品種(zhong)中,生長于海(hai)拔 4300 米以上的大(da)花紅(hong)景(jing)天是最優良的品種,其有效成份紅(hong)景(jing)天苷的含量(liang)遠遠高于其它品種,自然生長的大(da)花紅(hong)景(jing)天需7-8年方可采用,可謂(wei)(wei)藥源中的(de)正(zheng)宗極品,人(ren)們習(xi)慣(guan)上(shang)將產自西藏(zang)的(de)大花(hua)紅(hong)景天稱之為“藏(zang)域紅(hong)景天”,謂(wei)(wei)之“西藏(zang)人(ren)參”、“長生不老草(cao)”、“仙賜草(cao)”。
紅景天如何挑選
紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)根莖一(yi)般呈圓(yuan)柱形(xing),粗短(duan),略彎曲,表皮棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se)或(huo)者褐色(se)(se)(se),粗糙(cao)有褶(zhe)皺(zhou),剝(bo)開外皮有一(yi)層膜質黃色(se)(se)(se)表皮且具有粉紅(hong)(hong)色(se)(se)(se)花紋(wen),斷面(mian)粉紅(hong)(hong)色(se)(se)(se)或(huo)紫(zi)紅(hong)(hong)色(se)(se)(se),有一(yi)環紋(wen),質輕,疏(shu)松(song)。紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)鑒別主要還是(shi)看其主根呈圓(yuan)柱形(xing),粗短(duan),斷面(mian)橙紅(hong)(hong)色(se)(se)(se)或(huo)紫(zi)紅(hong)(hong)色(se)(se)(se),有時具裂(lie)隙。氣芳香,味(wei)微苦(ku)澀,后(hou)味(wei)甜。
從外觀上來說(shuo)優質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)在日光下顏色會非(fei)常(chang)的(de)紅(hong)(hong),并(bing)且正品(pin)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)在日光下還會越(yue)曬(shai)越(yue)紅(hong)(hong),這(zhe)個辦法是(shi)(shi)非(fei)常(chang)容易區分其他冒充產(chan)品(pin)的(de)。優質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地是(shi)(shi)較軟是(shi)(shi)非(fei)常(chang)適(shi)合(he)泡酒(jiu)、泡茶用(yong)的(de),但(dan)是(shi)(shi)低(di)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)的(de)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地比(bi)(bi)較硬,而且不易切片食用(yong)。高海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)的(de)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)因(yin)為密度低(di),所(suo)以(yi)重(zhong)(zhong)量較輕,而海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)低(di)的(de)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)會比(bi)(bi)較重(zhong)(zhong)。當然也可(ke)以(yi)從氣味上簡單的(de)判斷優質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian),優質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)一般香味比(bi)(bi)較濃郁,品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一般的(de)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)則(ze)比(bi)(bi)較淡(dan)。