鋰電池正確的充電方法

一、新電池充電

新電(dian)池(chi)一般要激(ji)活，電(dian)池(chi)放置一段時間后(hou)，會進入休(xiu)眠狀(zhuang)態，此時容量低于(yu)正常值，使用時間亦隨之縮短，因(yin)此需要激(ji)活。鋰電(dian)池(chi)激(ji)活方法非常簡單，只要經(jing)過3—5次正常的(de)充放電(dian)循環(huan)就(jiu)可激(ji)活電(dian)池(chi)，恢復(fu)正常容量。

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二、舊電池充電

1、充電方法

舊電(dian)池是指已經(jing)充(chong)放電(dian)多次的(de)(de)電(dian)池，而不(bu)是報廢的(de)(de)電(dian)池。鋰電(dian)池的(de)(de)壽命與充(chong)放電(dian)的(de)(de)次數(shu)無關，它沒有記憶效應，不(bu)論你怎么充(chong)電(dian)，都不(bu)會影響(xiang)充(chong)電(dian)循環次數(shu)。因此不(bu)要把電(dian)池用到完全沒電(dian)才去充(chong)電(dian)，最好是當你能充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)，就盡(jin)量把電(dian)池充(chong)飽，充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間以(yi)(yi)2-3小時(shi)以(yi)(yi)內為宜(yi)，當然(ran)你也不(bu)一定(ding)非要充(chong)滿。

2、充電電壓

鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)安全工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)范圍是(shi)2.8到4.2V，低(di)于或高于這個電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)范圍，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中的鋰(li)離子變得(de)非常不穩定，甚(shen)至造成事故。為保證電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)處于安全范圍，因此需要專(zhuan)門的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器。這些(xie)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器會自(zi)動根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)當前狀(zhuang)態而(er)調整充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方式。

3、充電工具

鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)要(yao)用專用的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，它可以保障充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的安全性。充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器工(gong)作時(shi)(shi)(shi)，以恒定的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，隨(sui)著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的升高，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器同時(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)高充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，以加快(kuai)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速度。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)到(dao)達(da)4.2V截止(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi)(shi)(shi)候，此(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)大約僅沖入70%左(zuo)右的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量（并未飽(bao)滿）。此(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器即以恒定的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，逐漸變小(xiao)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)繼續充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，當值至小(xiao)于0.1A充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)仍然檢(jian)測到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繼續升高時(shi)(shi)(shi)候才停止(zhi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

4、定期充電

長期不用的(de)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池，應該以半電(dian)(dian)狀態，存(cun)放(fang)在(zai)陰(yin)涼偏干燥(zao)的(de)地方。滿電(dian)(dian)存(cun)放(fang)有危(wei)險，且電(dian)(dian)池會有損害(hai)，而(er)無電(dian)(dian)存(cun)放(fang)，電(dian)(dian)池可能會被(bei)破壞，從(cong)而(er)失去作(zuo)用。在(zai)存(cun)放(fang)過(guo)程中，每隔3--6個(ge)(ge)月，要(yao)完成一(yi)個(ge)(ge)充電(dian)(dian)周期，做一(yi)次電(dian)(dian)量校準(zhun)。

鋰電池壽命一般有多長

鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池一(yi)般(ban)能夠完全充(chong)(chong)(chong)放(fang)300-500個充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)周期(qi)，超過這個次數，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池就不(bu)能用了，當然，這只能作為(wei)參考。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命(ming)和充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次數無(wu)關，與(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的周期(qi)有(you)(you)關，也(ye)就是(shi)從零電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)到(dao)滿(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的次數。一(yi)個充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)周期(qi)意味(wei)著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的所(suo)有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)由滿(man)用到(dao)空，再由空充(chong)(chong)(chong)到(dao)滿(man)的過程，這并(bing)不(bu)等同于(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)一(yi)次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。比如(ru)說，一(yi)塊(kuai)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在(zai)第一(yi)天只用了一(yi)半(ban)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)，然后又為(wei)它(ta)充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如(ru)果第二天還(huan)如(ru)此，即用一(yi)半(ban)就充(chong)(chong)(chong)，總共(gong)兩(liang)次充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)下來，這只能算作一(yi)個充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)周期(qi)，而不(bu)是(shi)兩(liang)個。

在(zai)日常(chang)(chang)生活中，通常(chang)(chang)可能(neng)要(yao)經過(guo)好幾次充(chong)電才完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)一(yi)個周期。每完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)一(yi)個充(chong)電周期，電池容量就會(hui)(hui)減少(shao)一(yi)點。不(bu)過(guo)，這個電量減少(shao)幅(fu)度(du)非常(chang)(chang)小，高品質的電池充(chong)過(guo)多次周期后(hou)(hou)，仍然會(hui)(hui)保留原(yuan)始容量的80%，很多鋰(li)電供電產品在(zai)經過(guo)兩三年后(hou)(hou)仍然照常(chang)(chang)使用。當然，鋰(li)電壽命到了最終后(hou)(hou)仍是需要(yao)更換的。