鋰電池正確的充電方法

一、新電池充電

新電池(chi)(chi)一(yi)般(ban)要激(ji)(ji)活，電池(chi)(chi)放(fang)置一(yi)段時(shi)間后(hou)，會進入休眠狀態，此(ci)時(shi)容量低于正常(chang)值(zhi)，使用時(shi)間亦隨之縮短(duan)，因(yin)此(ci)需要激(ji)(ji)活。鋰電池(chi)(chi)激(ji)(ji)活方(fang)法非(fei)常(chang)簡單，只要經過3—5次正常(chang)的充(chong)放(fang)電循環就可激(ji)(ji)活電池(chi)(chi)，恢復正常(chang)容量。

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二、舊電池充電

1、充電方法

舊電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)指已經(jing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)多次(ci)的電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，而不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)報廢的電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的壽命(ming)與充(chong)(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的次(ci)數無關(guan)，它沒有記憶效應，不(bu)(bu)論你(ni)怎么充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，都不(bu)(bu)會(hui)影響充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)循(xun)環次(ci)數。因此不(bu)(bu)要把(ba)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)用(yong)到完全沒電(dian)(dian)才去充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，最好是(shi)(shi)當(dang)你(ni)能充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時，就盡量把(ba)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)飽(bao)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間以2-3小時以內(nei)為宜，當(dang)然(ran)你(ni)也不(bu)(bu)一定非要充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿。

2、充電電壓

鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)安全(quan)工(gong)作電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)范圍是2.8到(dao)4.2V，低(di)于(yu)或(huo)高于(yu)這(zhe)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)范圍，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中的(de)鋰離子變得非常不穩定，甚至造成事故(gu)。為保證電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)處于(yu)安全(quan)范圍，因此需要專門的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器。這(zhe)些充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器會自動根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)當(dang)前狀態而調整充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方式。

3、充電工具

鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，它可以保障充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)安全性。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)工作時(shi)，以恒(heng)定的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)升(sheng)高(gao)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)同(tong)時(shi)提(ti)高(gao)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，以加快充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速度。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)到(dao)達(da)4.2V截(jie)止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)候，此時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)大約僅沖入70%左右的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)（并(bing)未(wei)飽滿）。此時(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)即以恒(heng)定的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，逐漸變(bian)小的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)繼續(xu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，當值至小于0.1A充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)仍(reng)然(ran)檢測到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)繼續(xu)升(sheng)高(gao)時(shi)候才停止充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

4、定期充電

長期不(bu)用(yong)的鋰電池(chi)，應(ying)該(gai)以半電狀態(tai)，存(cun)放(fang)在陰涼偏干燥(zao)的地方。滿電存(cun)放(fang)有(you)危(wei)險，且電池(chi)會有(you)損害，而無電存(cun)放(fang)，電池(chi)可能(neng)會被(bei)破壞，從而失去作用(yong)。在存(cun)放(fang)過程(cheng)中，每隔(ge)3--6個月，要完成(cheng)一(yi)個充(chong)電周期，做一(yi)次電量校準。

鋰電池壽命一般有多長

鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)能(neng)夠完(wan)全充(chong)(chong)放(fang)300-500個(ge)(ge)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)周期(qi)，超過這個(ge)(ge)次(ci)(ci)數(shu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)就不能(neng)用了，當然，這只(zhi)能(neng)作為參考(kao)。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)命和(he)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次(ci)(ci)數(shu)無關(guan)，與充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)周期(qi)有關(guan)，也就是從(cong)零電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量充(chong)(chong)到(dao)(dao)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)次(ci)(ci)數(shu)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)周期(qi)意味(wei)著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)所有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量由滿用到(dao)(dao)空，再由空充(chong)(chong)到(dao)(dao)滿的(de)(de)過程，這并不等同(tong)于充(chong)(chong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。比(bi)如說(shuo)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)塊鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)只(zhi)用了一(yi)(yi)(yi)半的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量，然后又為它充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如果第(di)二天(tian)還如此(ci)，即用一(yi)(yi)(yi)半就充(chong)(chong)，總共兩(liang)次(ci)(ci)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)下(xia)來，這只(zhi)能(neng)算作一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)周期(qi)，而不是兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)。

在日常(chang)(chang)生活中，通常(chang)(chang)可能要(yao)經過(guo)好幾(ji)次充(chong)電(dian)才完成(cheng)一個周(zhou)(zhou)期(qi)。每完成(cheng)一個充(chong)電(dian)周(zhou)(zhou)期(qi)，電(dian)池(chi)容量就會(hui)減少一點。不過(guo)，這(zhe)個電(dian)量減少幅度非(fei)常(chang)(chang)小，高品(pin)質的(de)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)過(guo)多(duo)次周(zhou)(zhou)期(qi)后，仍(reng)然(ran)會(hui)保留原始(shi)容量的(de)80%，很多(duo)鋰電(dian)供(gong)電(dian)產(chan)品(pin)在經過(guo)兩三年后仍(reng)然(ran)照常(chang)(chang)使用(yong)。當(dang)然(ran)，鋰電(dian)壽(shou)命到(dao)了最終后仍(reng)是需(xu)要(yao)更換的(de)。