一、經編機是做什么的
經(jing)編(bian)(bian)用(yong)一(yi)組(zu)或幾組(zu)平行(xing)排列的(de)(de)紗線(xian),于經(jing)向喂入機器的(de)(de)所有(you)工作針(zhen)上(shang)(shang),同時成圈而(er)形(xing)成針(zhen)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu),這種(zhong)方法(fa)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)經(jing)編(bian)(bian),形(xing)成的(de)(de)針(zhen)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)經(jing)編(bian)(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)。 以織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)牽拉(la)方向與(yu)針(zhen)桿平面(mian)呈 140°以上(shang)(shang)夾(jia)角為(wei)結(jie)構特點的(de)(de)一(yi)類經(jing)編(bian)(bian)機。常用(yong)來編(bian)(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)窗簾(lian)、臺布、床罩、毛毯(tan)、花邊飾帶、婦(fu)女(nv)內外衣、漁網、包(bao)裝袋等組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)結(jie)構比較復雜的(de)(de)經(jing)編(bian)(bian)針(zhen)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)。
二、經編機的主要機構及工作原理
1、主要機構
經編(bian)機(ji)主要由(you)編(bian)織(zhi)機(ji)構、梳櫛橫移機(ji)構、送經機(ji)構、牽(qian)拉卷取機(ji)構和傳動機(ji)構組成(cheng)。
2、工作原理
(1)編(bian)織機(ji)構包括針床、梳(shu)櫛、沉降片床和壓板,一般(ban)由凸輪或偏心(xin)連(lian)桿(gan)傳(chuan)動(dong)。凸輪常(chang)用于(yu)速(su)度較低、成圈(quan)機(ji)件運(yun)(yun)動(dong)規律較復雜的經編(bian)機(ji)中。偏心(xin)連(lian)桿(gan)由于(yu)傳(chuan)動(dong)平穩,加工較簡便,高速(su)運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)時磨損和噪音(yin)較小,因而在高速(su)經編(bian)機(ji)上(shang)得到廣(guang)泛(fan)應用。
(2)梳櫛橫(heng)移機(ji)構(gou)(gou),使(shi)梳櫛在成(cheng)圈過程中(zhong)按(an)照針織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求橫(heng)移,將經(jing)紗墊(dian)于針上,以便織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)具有一(yi)定組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)結構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)針織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)。通常有花板(ban)(ban)式和(he)凸(tu)(tu)輪式兩種。花板(ban)(ban)式機(ji)構(gou)(gou)通過一(yi)定外形和(he)尺寸的(de)(de)(de)花板(ban)(ban)按(an)針織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求串(chuan)聯(lian)成(cheng)花板(ban)(ban)鏈條,使(shi)梳櫛橫(heng)移,適(shi)用于編(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)花紋比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)復雜的(de)(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),花型變換比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)方便。在凸(tu)(tu)輪式機(ji)構(gou)(gou)中(zhong)凸(tu)(tu)輪是(shi)按(an)針織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所需梳櫛橫(heng)移規律而(er)設計的(de)(de)(de),傳動較(jiao)(jiao)平穩,能適(shi)應較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)編(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)速度。
(3)送經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)機(ji)(ji)構(gou),把經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)(zhou)上(shang)的(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)退解下來,送入編織區。有消(xiao)極(ji)式(shi)(shi)和積(ji)極(ji)式(shi)(shi)兩類。消(xiao)極(ji)式(shi)(shi)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)中經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)(zhou)為(wei)(wei)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)張(zhang)(zhang)力拉動而送出經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha),不需(xu)要專(zhuan)門(men)的(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)(zhou)傳動裝置(zhi),適用(yong)于(yu)機(ji)(ji)速較低、送經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)規律較為(wei)(wei)復雜(za)的(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)編機(ji)(ji)。積(ji)極(ji)式(shi)(shi)送經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)采用(yong)專(zhuan)門(men)的(de)(de)傳動裝置(zhi)使經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)(zhou)回轉(zhuan)(zhuan)送出經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha),又有張(zhang)(zhang)力感(gan)應式(shi)(shi)和線(xian)(xian)速度(du)感(gan)應式(shi)(shi)之別。張(zhang)(zhang)力感(gan)應式(shi)(shi)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)通過張(zhang)(zhang)力桿感(gan)應經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)張(zhang)(zhang)力的(de)(de)大小來控制(zhi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速。線(xian)(xian)速度(du)感(gan)應式(shi)(shi)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)通過測速裝置(zhi)感(gan)應經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)運動速度(du)的(de)(de)大小來控制(zhi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速。這(zhe)類機(ji)(ji)構(gou)以預定線(xian)(xian)速度(du)送出經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha),能在(zai)高速運轉(zhuan)(zhuan)條件下穩定地工(gong)作(zuo),故在(zai)高速經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)編機(ji)(ji)上(shang)得到廣泛使用(yong)。
(4)牽拉卷取機構是以預定的速度將織物(wu)從(cong)編織區牽引出(chu)來(lai)并卷繞(rao)成布卷。