一、儲能變流器的工作原理

儲能變流器的(de)(de)工作(zuo)原(yuan)理(li)是(shi)交、直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)側可控(kong)的(de)(de)四象限(xian)運行的(de)(de)變流(liu)(liu)裝置(zhi)，實現對電(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)交直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)雙(shuang)(shuang)向(xiang)轉換。該原(yuan)理(li)就是(shi)通過微(wei)網監(jian)控(kong)指(zhi)令進行恒(heng)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)或(huo)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)控(kong)制(zhi)，給電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)或(huo)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)，同(tong)時平(ping)滑風電(dian)(dian)、太陽能(neng)等波動性電(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)輸(shu)出。PCS采(cai)用雙(shuang)(shuang)閉(bi)環控(kong)制(zhi)和SPWM脈沖調(diao)制(zhi)方法，能(neng)夠精確快速地調(diao)節輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓、頻率(lv)、有功(gong)(gong)(gong)和無功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)。

PCS儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)變流(liu)器可以通過快速的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)存儲來響應負荷的(de)波動(dong)(dong)(dong)，吸(xi)收多余的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)或(huo)補充(chong)缺額(e)的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)，實現(xian)(xian)大(da)功率(lv)的(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)態調節(jie)，很好地適應頻率(lv)調節(jie)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓功率(lv)因(yin)數的(de)校正(zheng)，從(cong)而提高(gao)系統(tong)運行(xing)的(de)穩定(ding)性。廣泛應用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)、軌道(dao)交通、軍工、石油(you)機械(xie)、新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)汽車、風力發電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏等領域(yu)，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)網削峰(feng)填谷(gu)、平滑新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)波動(dong)(dong)(dong)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)回收利用(yong)(yong)等場合實現(xian)(xian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)雙向流(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓頻率(lv)主動(dong)(dong)(dong)支(zhi)撐，提高(gao)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)質量(liang)(liang)。

與常規電(dian)源相比，大規模儲能(neng)電(dian)站能(neng)夠適(shi)應負荷的(de)快速變化，對提(ti)高電(dian)力系(xi)統安全(quan)穩定運(yun)行(xing)水平、電(dian)網供電(dian)質量和可靠性起到(dao)了重要(yao)作(zuo)用，同時還可以優化電(dian)源結構(gou)，實現(xian)綠色(se)環保，達到(dao)電(dian)力系(xi)統的(de)總體節能(neng)降耗，提(ti)高總體的(de)經(jing)濟效益。

二、儲能變流器的作用和優勢

1、突破天氣變化的局限性

由于儲能變流(liu)器能夠(gou)(gou)將交流(liu)電(dian)轉(zhuan)換為直流(liu)電(dian)儲存在(zai)(zai)蓄(xu)電(dian)池內，并(bing)在(zai)(zai)斷電(dian)后將蓄(xu)電(dian)池內的直流(liu)電(dian)轉(zhuan)換為交流(liu)電(dian)供用戶使(shi)用，這就(jiu)在(zai)(zai)很大程度上降低了天(tian)氣狀況對發電(dian)穩(wen)定性的影響，能夠(gou)(gou)大大提升(sheng)電(dian)網的穩(wen)定性和品質。

2、擁有更高的用電效率

與(yu)并網光伏逆變器(qi)(qi)相(xiang)比，儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)變流器(qi)(qi)用(yong)電效率更(geng)(geng)高，不僅能(neng)(neng)夠突破天氣狀況、時間(jian)等局限性，解(jie)決(jue)并網光伏逆變器(qi)(qi)存在的(de)(de)問題，還(huan)能(neng)(neng)為用(yong)戶提供更(geng)(geng)加(jia)穩(wen)定(ding)、持久的(de)(de)電能(neng)(neng)，避免用(yong)電系統故(gu)障(zhang)帶來(lai)的(de)(de)不便和(he)麻煩，這(zhe)也是更(geng)(geng)多用(yong)戶選擇這(zhe)種逆變器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)重要原因(yin)所在。

3、擁有較高的穩定性

在電(dian)(dian)(dian)網系(xi)(xi)統(tong)故障(zhang)的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)，儲(chu)能(neng)變(bian)流(liu)器能(neng)夠(gou)將(jiang)儲(chu)存的(de)(de)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)直接轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)為交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網系(xi)(xi)統(tong)使用，受(shou)外界因素的(de)(de)影響較(jiao)小，能(neng)夠(gou)大大降低(di)(di)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)成本(ben)，具有(you)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)穩定性。當處于(yu)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)峰(feng)期時，儲(chu)能(neng)變(bian)流(liu)器會將(jiang)太陽能(neng)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)為交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)并(bing)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)網供(gong)廣大用戶使用，而處于(yu)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)低(di)(di)谷期時，儲(chu)能(neng)變(bian)流(liu)器又(you)會將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網中的(de)(de)交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)為直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)儲(chu)存起(qi)來，能(neng)夠(gou)實(shi)現直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)雙向轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)，而且(qie)能(neng)夠(gou)為斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)提供(gong)強(qiang)有(you)力的(de)(de)保障(zhang)。

除了以上作用外，儲能變流器還具有能夠為電網提供更加穩定、諧波含量較少的純凈電流，這不僅符合當今社會節能減排的趨勢和要求，更加提升了電網的穩定性和品質。總而言之，儲能變流器能夠突破傳統光伏逆變器的局限性，為電網系統提供高品質的電能的同時，還能降低用電成本，提高用電效率，這些優勢和作用也是儲能變流器能(neng)夠在市場上(shang)占據一(yi)定優勢的(de)前提和(he)保障(zhang)。