一、儲能變流器的工作原理

儲能變流器的(de)工作原理(li)是交、直(zhi)流(liu)側可控的(de)四(si)象限(xian)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)的(de)變流(liu)裝置，實現對電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)交直(zhi)流(liu)雙向(xiang)轉換。該原理(li)就是通過微網監控指令進行(xing)(xing)恒功(gong)率或恒流(liu)控制(zhi)，給(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)或放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，同時平滑風電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能(neng)等波動性電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)輸(shu)出。PCS采(cai)用雙閉環(huan)控制(zhi)和SPWM脈沖調(diao)制(zhi)方法(fa)，能(neng)夠精確快速地調(diao)節輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、頻率、有功(gong)和無(wu)功(gong)功(gong)率。

PCS儲能(neng)變流(liu)器可以通(tong)過快速的電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)存儲來響應負荷的波動(dong)(dong)，吸收(shou)多(duo)余的能(neng)量(liang)或補充缺額的能(neng)量(liang)，實現大功率(lv)(lv)的動(dong)(dong)態(tai)調節，很(hen)好地適應頻率(lv)(lv)調節和電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)功率(lv)(lv)因(yin)數的校正(zheng)，從而(er)提高系統運(yun)行(xing)的穩(wen)定(ding)性。廣泛應用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統、軌道交通(tong)、軍工(gong)、石(shi)油機械、新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)汽車、風力發電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能(neng)光伏等領域，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)網削峰填谷(gu)、平滑新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)波動(dong)(dong)，能(neng)量(liang)回收(shou)利用等場(chang)合(he)實現能(neng)量(liang)雙向流(liu)動(dong)(dong)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)頻率(lv)(lv)主動(dong)(dong)支撐，提高供電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)質量(liang)。

與常規電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源相比(bi)，大規模(mo)儲能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)能(neng)夠(gou)適應負荷的快速(su)變化，對提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統安全穩定運行水平、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)質量和(he)可靠(kao)性起到了重(zhong)要作用，同(tong)時(shi)還(huan)可以優化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源結構(gou)，實現綠色環保，達到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統的總體節能(neng)降耗，提高總體的經濟(ji)效益。

二、儲能變流器的作用和優勢

1、突破天氣變化的局限性

由于儲(chu)能變流(liu)器能夠將交流(liu)電(dian)轉換為(wei)直流(liu)電(dian)儲(chu)存在蓄電(dian)池內(nei)(nei)，并在斷電(dian)后(hou)將蓄電(dian)池內(nei)(nei)的(de)直流(liu)電(dian)轉換為(wei)交流(liu)電(dian)供(gong)用戶使用，這就(jiu)在很大(da)程度上降低了天氣狀(zhuang)況對發電(dian)穩定性的(de)影響(xiang)，能夠大(da)大(da)提升電(dian)網的(de)穩定性和品(pin)質。

2、擁有更高的用電效率

與并網光伏(fu)逆變器相比，儲能變流器用(yong)電(dian)效率更(geng)(geng)高，不(bu)僅能夠突破天(tian)氣狀況、時間等局(ju)限性，解決并網光伏(fu)逆變器存在(zai)的(de)問題，還能為(wei)用(yong)戶提供更(geng)(geng)加穩(wen)定、持久的(de)電(dian)能，避免用(yong)電(dian)系統故障帶來的(de)不(bu)便和麻煩(fan)，這也(ye)是更(geng)(geng)多用(yong)戶選擇這種(zhong)逆變器的(de)重要原(yuan)因所在(zai)。

3、擁有較高的穩定性

在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網系統故(gu)障(zhang)的(de)情況(kuang)下，儲能(neng)變流(liu)器能(neng)夠將(jiang)儲存的(de)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)直(zhi)(zhi)接轉(zhuan)換為交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網系統使用(yong)，受外界因素的(de)影響較小，能(neng)夠大大降低(di)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)成本，具有較高的(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)。當處(chu)于用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)高峰(feng)期時，儲能(neng)變流(liu)器會將(jiang)太陽(yang)能(neng)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)換為交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)并(bing)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網供廣大用(yong)戶(hu)使用(yong)，而處(chu)于用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)低(di)谷期時，儲能(neng)變流(liu)器又會將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網中(zhong)的(de)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)換為直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)儲存起來，能(neng)夠實現直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)雙向轉(zhuan)換，而且能(neng)夠為斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)提供強有力的(de)保障(zhang)。

除了以上作用外，儲能變流器還具有能夠為電網提供更加穩定、諧波含量較少的純凈電流，這不僅符合當今社會節能減排的趨勢和要求，更加提升了電網的穩定性和品質。總而言之，儲能變流器能夠突破傳統光伏逆變器的局限性，為電網系統提供高品質的電能的同時，還能降低用電成本，提高用電效率，這些優勢和作用也是儲能變流器能夠在市場上占據一定優(you)勢的前提和保障。