筆記(ji)本(ben)電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)芯是什(shen)么 筆記(ji)本(ben)電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)芯材料(liao)種類(lei)介紹

筆記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)指的(de)(de)是(shi)將化學能、光能、原子能等其它形(xing)式的(de)(de)能轉化為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置，并且轉換的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能能夠適用于筆記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦。它分為一次(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)（俗稱干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)）和二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)（即可反復(fu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)），隨(sui)著技(ji)術的(de)(de)進步和發展，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)經歷了鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)到鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)（包括金屬鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和鋰(li)聚(ju)合物電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)）和正在發展中(zhong)的(de)(de)燃料電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)等。每一次(ci)技(ji)術革新不(bu)但(dan)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在容(rong)量(liang)、重量(liang)、使用的(de)(de)方便(bian)程度的(de)(de)方面(mian)有重大的(de)(de)突破，而且也變得越來越環保。

筆記本電池的種類和特性：

鎳鎘電池（Ni-Cd）

它是筆記本(ben)所使用的(de)(de)電池(chi)中的(de)(de)元(yuan)老級人物，但是由于它有嚴重的(de)(de)記憶效應以及所使用的(de)(de)陽極(ji)材料鎳（Ni）有毒和對環境會產(chan)生污(wu)染，因此(ci)很快(kuai)就被筆記本(ben)嫌棄(qi)了，取而代之的(de)(de)是更優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)鎳氫電池(chi)。

鎳氫電池（Ni-MH）

它與鎳鎘(ge)電池結構(gou)原(yuan)理基本(ben)相同，只是(shi)將(jiang)陰(yin)極(ji)換(huan)成(cheng)性能(neng)(neng)更(geng)好、更(geng)環保的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)毒的(de)(de)(de)鎳－金屬氫化物(wu)材料(liao)。雖然只是(shi)小小的(de)(de)(de)改變，但卻(que)帶來了(le)性能(neng)(neng)上的(de)(de)(de)極(ji)大提高。它還有一個優點就是(shi)記(ji)憶效(xiao)應不(bu)(bu)明顯(xian)，這樣就使我們不(bu)(bu)用再為那(nei)討厭的(de)(de)(de)記(ji)憶效(xiao)應煩惱從而更(geng)加方便使用。雖然鎳氫電池的(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)十分不(bu)(bu)錯，但隨著技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)進步它被質(zhi)量更(geng)輕、能(neng)(neng)量密(mi)度更(geng)高的(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)電池所替代，成(cheng)了(le)筆記(ji)本(ben)電池歷史中的(de)(de)(de)昨日黃(huang)花。

鋰電池

很多(duo)人認為說到鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)就(jiu)是(shi)指我們現在(zai)常用的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋰聚合物(wu)(wu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，其實鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)包括金屬鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)(chi)（Li－MO2）和鋰聚合物(wu)(wu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)（Li－ion）兩種。因為Li－MO2電(dian)池(chi)(chi)在(zai)1989年進(jin)入(ru)市場(chang)時發生(sheng)著火爆炸事件而(er)夭折，因而(er)它(ta)很快從人們的(de)(de)(de)(de)視線中(zhong)消失，取而(er)代之的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)更安全的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋰聚合物(wu)(wu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)。它(ta)重量(liang)(liang)輕，在(zai)同容量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)它(ta)重量(liang)(liang)只有鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1/2左右(you)，因此它(ta)迅速成為移動便攜設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)新寵(chong)兒，被(bei)大多(duo)數(shu)筆(bi)記(ji)本(ben)電(dian)腦所使用，是(shi)現在(zai)筆(bi)記(ji)本(ben)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)堅力量(liang)(liang)。

燃料電池（Fuel Cell）

燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是筆記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)未來新星(xing)，它(ta)有很(hen)多(duo)種(zhong)類，包(bao)括質(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)換膜(mo)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)（PEM）、堿性(xing)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)（AFC）和固(gu)體氧化(hua)物燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)（SOFC）等(deng)(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)，但由(you)(you)于燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)啟動(dong)時間和運行溫度等(deng)(deng)原(yuan)(yuan)因實(shi)際上(shang)適合筆記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦使用的(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)只有質(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)換膜(mo)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)（PEM）。PEM燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使用的(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)是甲醇(chun)等(deng)(deng)，由(you)(you)正(zheng)、負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)成(cheng)它(ta)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)理是經過(guo)(guo)對(dui)甲醇(chun)進(jin)行氫重整(zheng)后輸入負極(ji)(ji)(ji)，氧輸入正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，通過(guo)(guo)催(cui)化(hua)劑的(de)(de)(de)作用，氫原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)轉變為(wei)質(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，由(you)(you)不(bu)同路徑進(jin)入正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)通過(guo)(guo)內部(bu)循環產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，質(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)通過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液達到正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，與氧和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)結合后產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)水(shui)和熱。專家們一(yi)致認為(wei)，制(zhi)約燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)商業(ye)應用最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)因素是燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)要(yao)使用金屬鉑（Pt）即白金做(zuo)催(cui)化(hua)劑使生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)一(yi)直居(ju)高(gao)不(bu)下，目前(qian)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)在(zai)500～1000美元/千瓦(wa)。研究顯示，只有當燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)降至50美元/千瓦(wa)左右的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平時才(cai)能真(zhen)正(zheng)為(wei)消費(fei)者(zhe)所(suo)接受。燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)成(cheng)本(ben)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)因是尚(shang)未形成(cheng)批(pi)量生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)，一(yi)旦進(jin)入大(da)批(pi)量生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)階段，燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)信息肯定會(hui)大(da)大(da)降低。

鋰(li)聚合物(wu)電(dian)池(chi)的單位能量比(bi)目前的一般(ban)鋰(li)離子電(dian)池(chi)提高(gao)了10%，安全性也大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提高(gao)，符合經濟性和設(she)計原(yuan)則(ze)，因此，市面(mian)上主要銷售的大(da)(da)多(duo)數是(shi)鋰(li)聚合物(wu)材質筆記本電(dian)池(chi)。